血液病患者的巨细胞病毒感染

用间接酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)对新近诊断的179例血液病患者血清巨细胞病毒(HCMV)IgM和IgA抗体进行了检测。阳性率分别为11,17％11,73％,明显高于对照人群(4,76％和3,97％),提示血液病患者由于免疫功能下降,易于发生HCMV活动性感染。     

用免疫荧光单克隆抗体对脊髓灰质炎病毒抗原表位的分析

用间接免疫荧光与中和试验筛选出来的抗脊髓灰质炎2型与3型不同毒株的12个单克隆抗体,其中3个仅有免疫荧光活性,9个具有中和与免疫荧光活性。用免疫荧光活性的单克隆抗体进行试验,发现它们在识别特异性抗原表位方面与中和性单克隆抗体相似,显示出株特异的、几个毒株共同特异的或型特异的抗原表位。根据表位分布关系及特征,可以用来鉴别型内毒株的特征、毒株的抗原分析、抗原变异的研究以及疫苗相关病例的鉴别。所得结果与中和性单克抗隆抗体及T1-寡核苷酸指纹图谱分析一致。而免疫荧光单克隆抗体识别抗原表位的活性范围比中和性单克隆抗体更广。另外还发现某些兼有荧光与中和两活性的同一个单克隆抗体,用不同方法(IF与NT)进行试验时,与相同毒株出现不同表位反应,这点是值得引起注意需待进一步证实的重要问题。     

从我国成人手足口病患者疱液中首次分离出肠道病毒71型

本文报道了从我国手足口病(HFMD)患者疱液中肠道病毒71(E71)型H株的分离和鉴定。该株病毒可在原代人胚肺(HEL)细胞、MA104细胞、BSC细胞中生长繁殖,导致典型的肠道病毒CPE出现。将H株接种乳鼠后出现肢体麻痹、第6天开始死亡。电镜下可见感染H株的BSC细胞胞浆中出现大量的结晶状排列的成熟病毒颗粒,直径约25nm。患者双份血清中有对H株4倍增高的中和抗体存在。采用100抗体单位的抗Cox A5、7、9、16、E70、E71抗体和50抗体单位的LBM组合血清A-H以及抗E71BrCr株MeAb P27对H株进行中和试验时,H株可被抗E71血清和MeAb P27所中和。抗E71抗体对H株的最低有效中和作用为1.6抗体单位,MeAb P27对H株的有效中和作用是64抗体单位。其它血清则无此中和作用。然而,在鉴定过程中发现,高滴度的抗Cox A16抗体(200抗体单位以上)也显出有中和H株的作用,提示我们所分离的H株含有与Cox A16的型间共同抗原。     

流行性出血热病毒在疫区鼠间垂直传播的首次证实

流行性出血热(EHF)病毒在鼠间垂直传播的问题一直未被证实。1985～1986年我们在实验研究的基础上进行了疫区现场研究,采用的基本方法是从感染的孕鼠子宫内剖取胎鼠,用免疫荧光法作抗原、抗体检查和病毒分离,结果从流行性出血热疫区捕获的4只黑线姬鼠孕鼠的胎鼠体内检出了特异性抗原和抗体(IgM和IgG)。从24只抗原阳性的褐家鼠孕鼠中检出抗原阳性胎鼠18只,垂直传播率达75％。从褐家鼠孕鼠和胎鼠中分离出病毒六株,经特异性试验和单克隆抗体鉴定确认为EHF病毒。上述事实证明,在自然条件下,流行性出血热病毒在疫区鼠类中存在着经胎盘感染或垂直传播。这一证实对于阐明疫源地形成、延续和扩散,以及人类发病等具有重要意义。     

巨细胞病毒冻干保存

The preservation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) by lyophilization was first developed in China. In 4 to 10 days the typical CPE was up to + in the HEL cell line which was inoculated only 0.2 ml suspension of lyophilized strain AD169 or CMV isolated from milk breast. After preserved for 1 year the lyophilized cytomegalovirus strain still contained 1.5-2.0 lgTCID50/0.1 ml in titer of viral infection. The lyophilized strains have been used in the preparation of diagnostic antigen of cytomegalovirus in our department, also the strains were supplied to the whole country.     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒对哺乳动物的实验感染

The experimental infection of mammals (such as mouse, golden hamster and nude mouse) was conducted with Pieris rapae Granulosis Virus (PrGV) of baculoviridae of insect virus by way of peritonal and intravenous injection, per os and inhalation. 7-50 days after injection, target insects were reinoculated with the visceral extracts of infected mammals and killed by 5-100%, displaying typical symptom infected by granulosis virus. GV and its latticed structure of inclusion body were found in the ultrathin section of spleen which took out from infected nude mouse via peritoneal injection under electronmicroscope.     

用聚合酶链式反应法检测人乳头状瘤病毒DNA

实验研究表明,宫颈癌的发生和发展与人乳头状瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)的感染有着密切关系。约有80％的宫颈癌组织中含有人乳头状瘤病毒第16型(HPV 16)及18型(HPV 18)的DNA,因此,检测宫颈癌组织中的HPV DNA对研究宫颈癌的发生和发展机制以及宫颈癌的防治都有重要意义。目前检测HPV DNA的手段都采用DNA探针杂交技术,该方法要有高比活的同位素,而且费时。聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Rea-     

兔的一种新病毒：Ⅱ.一株兔出血症...

In this paper a strain of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) was isolated and purified from the diseased rabbit livers with a method of using chloroform, two-phase of polyethylene-glycol-dextran sulfate sodium and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Purified virus was nonenveloped, icosahedeal symmetry with a triangulation number of 3, and 33-37 nm in diameter. The capsid was composed of 32 capsomeres with central holes in an outer diameter of about 9nm. Two types of viral particles having different sedimentation coefficient, 130s and 166s could be identified after sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Probably no less than four virion proteins with molecular weight of 66.4, 65.0, 63.5, 41.0 x 10(3) dalton were detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Viral nucleic acid was extracted from purified virus by using SDS-proteinase K-phenol. Tests with diphenylamine, formaldehyde, and staining with acridine orange as well as the curves of thermal denaturation showed that this kind of virus had a single-stranded DNA. The molecular weight of the ssDNA was approx 2.1 x 10(6) dalton as determined by electron microscopy. Data indicate that the RHDV may like the parvovirus of the family Parvoviridae.     

HBV基因结构及体外表达的研究现状

人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)不仅能引起人类急慢性肝炎,而且还可导致原发性肝癌的形成。然而,遗憾的是至今尚无有效的办法来防治HBV的感染。近年来,由于基因重组技术的发展,加速了HBV的研究进程,HBV的基因结构,转录及增殖特性已基本弄清,并且整合在原发性肝癌细胞染色体上的HBV DNA序列亦被证实。同时采用多种载体系统重组HBV DNA片段,在体外已成功地表达了乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg),