NaCl胁迫对菜用大豆种子游离态多胺含量的影响

采用蛭石栽培,在100 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫下,对耐盐性不同的2个菜用大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]栽培品种的种子膨大及其游离态多胺(PAs)含量的变化进行了研究.结果显示:(1)耐盐品种'绿领特早'的荚重、种子大小及重量的增加在NaCl胁迫15 d时未受显著影响,而盐敏感品种'理想高产95-1'种子的膨大却受到了显著抑制.(2)'绿领特早'种子的腐胺(Put)含量在盐胁迫6～15 d时均显著低于对照,'理想高产95-1'在胁迫后期(12 d、15 d)才显著低于对照,且降幅低于同期的'绿领特早';'绿领特早'种子的亚精胺(Spd)含量在胁迫中、后期(9～15 d)显著高于对照,'理想高产95-1'在胁迫12 d时无显著变化,其余时期均显著低于对照;NaCl胁迫期间,'绿领特早'种子精胺(Spm)含量的增幅高于同期的'理想高产95-1'.(3)与'理想高产95-1'相比,'绿领特早'在胁迫期间能维持较低的Put/PAs值和较高的(Spd+Spm)/Put值.研究结果表明,耐盐菜用大豆'绿领特早'种子在NaCl胁迫期间能保持较高的Spm含量,并在胁迫中、后期保持较高的Spd含量,同时具有较强的Put向Spd和Spm的转化能力,这可能是其耐盐性较强的重要原因之一.     

濒危植物香果树武夷山种群分布格局的分形分析

应用计盒维数对武夷山4个群落类型16个样地的香果树种群进行分形特征分析,结果显示:(1)香果树种群计盒维数值相对较低(0.872 3～1.629 2),种群扩展能力较弱.(2)不同群落类型的香果树种群间分形特征差异明显,而同一类型内部各样地间差异较小.香果树种群计盒维数由高到低依次为香果树纯林、阔叶林、毛竹林和针阔混交林,表明不同群落中其个体分布的非均匀性存在较大差异.(3)香果树计盒维数随海拔的升高呈现先升后降的趋势,而拐点尺度与之相反,随海拔升高呈现先降后升的趋势.(4)对更新差的香果树现有林分加强就地保护,重点是具有结实能力的个体;对盖度大的乔木层和林下灌木层通过间伐、清理林下活地被物等抚育措施,为种子萌发和幼苗发育创造良好的环境条件;对更新较好的区域,应采取就地采种育苗,扩大人工种群.     

光温和赤霉素对跳舞草种子萌发的影响

以珍稀趣味药用植物跳舞草(Codariocalyx motorius)为材料,通过机械磨擦、不同温度、光照强度和GA_3处理以及不同栽培介质研究了其种子萌发特性,以寻找其繁殖环节中的主要限制因素,为迁地保育和大规模育苗提供可行依据.结果表明:机械磨擦可使跳舞草种子的发芽势、发芽率及发芽指数显著提高,种子种皮的机械抑制是导致其发芽率低的直接原因;其种子萌发的适宜温度范围20～30℃,25℃为最适温度;浓度为50～100 mg/L的GA_3处理的跳舞草种子萌发率高,且出苗整齐,根系粗壮,成苗率高;适度的遮光(30%)对跳舞草种子的萌发有促进作用,其发芽势、发芽率以及发芽指数最高;跳舞草的育苗基质可选用腐叶土:泥炭(1∶1),出苗率达到85.9%,经济合理.     

香根草系统在我国的应用与发展20年历程回顾

香根草系统是一种价格低廉、用于水土保持、基础设施保护、污染控制和治理、减轻自然灾害等的有效系统,自1988年引入我国已历经20年。本文回顾了香根草系统在我国农业、边坡防护、环境保护方面的研究和应用情况,介绍了香根草网络的发展和作用,并提出香根草系统在不毛之地造林、矿山植被恢复、生物燃料和缓解温室效应等方面的应用潜力。     

崀山唇柱苣苔的快速繁殖

1植物名称 崀山唇柱苣苔（Chirita langshanica W.T.Wang）。 2材料类别 成熟种子（种子采集于2008年9月18日,湖南省新宁县崀山乡公路旁干旱的丹霞地貌红色砂砾石的石壁上）。     

接瓣兰的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称接瓣兰[Zygopetalum maculatum （Kunth）Garay],又名轭瓣兰。 2材料类别种子。 3培养条件种子萌发培养基：（1）1／2MS＋100mL·L^-1椰子乳＋1g．L^-1活性炭;（2）VW＋100mL·L^-1椰子乳＋1g．L^-活性炭。原球茎或类原球茎增殖培养基：     

矮生羽扇豆品种‘画廊’的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称羽扇豆矮生品种‘画廊’（Lupinhis polyphyllus Lindl cv．‘gallery’）。2材料类别种子、根茎。3培养条件种子萌发培养基：（1）MS;生根培养基：（1）MS,（2）1／2MS,（3）MS＋NAA0．1mg·L-1（单位下同）;增殖培养基：（4）MS＋6-BA0．1＋NAA0．01,（5）MS＋6-BA0．2＋NAA0．02,（6）MS＋6-BA0．5＋NAA0．05。培养基中附加0．6％琼脂和3％蔗糖,pH5．8。     

Response of Chinese Wampee Axes and Maize Embryos to Dehydration at Different Rates

Survival of wampee （Clausena lansium Skeels） axes and maize （Zea mays L.） embryos decreased with rapid and slow dehydration. Damage of wampee axes by rapid dehydration was much less than by slow dehydration, and that was contrary to maize embryos. The malondialdehyde contents of wampee axes and maize embryos rapidly increased with dehydration, those of wampee axes were lower during rapid dehydration than during slow dehydration, and those of maize embryos were higher during rapid dehydration than during slow dehydration. Activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and catalase （CAT） of wampee axes markedly increased during the early phase of dehydration, and then rapidly decreased, and those of rapidly dehydrated axes were higher than those of slow dehydrated axes when they were dehydrated to low water contents. Activities of SOD and APX of maize embryos notable decreased with dehydration. There were higher SOD activities and lower APX activities of slowly dehydrated maize embryos compared with rapidly dehydrated maize embryos. CAT activities of maize embryos markedly increased during the early phase of dehydration, and then decreased, and those of slowly dehydrated embryos were higher than those of rapidly dehydrated embryos during the late phase of dehydration.     

A Comparative Analysis of Embryo and Endosperm Proteome from Seeds of Jatropha curcas

Jatropha curcas is an important economic plant for biodiesel, which is extracted mainly from the endosperm of its mature seeds. Despite the morphological and functional differences between the embryo and endosperm, proteomic characteristics of the two tissues are not yet known. Similar proteomic profiles were observed in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis maps from the two tissues. There were 380 and 533 major protein spots in the embryo and endosperm, respectively. Fourteen identical spots, showing a notable change, were selected and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Among these proteins, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase （spot 27） participates in tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is an amphibolic pathway. The two parts both included proteins related to stress （spots 8, 115, 118, 125, 130） and signal transduction （spots 7, 100, 108）. According to the volume percentage of proteins in embryo and endosperm, the proteins in endosperm （spots 54, 61, 73） were catabolism-related enzymes and reserves to provide the nutrition for seed germination; the proteins in embryo （spots 27, 62, 122） were inclined to anabolism and utilized the nutrition from the endosperm to generate a new life.     

多年生黑麦草种子萌发及植株再生的研究

对不同预处理条件下多年生黑麦草种子萌发、愈伤组织诱导以及植株再生进行了研究。结果表明,35℃恒温干燥处理3 h、浸泡16 h后,室温晾48 h的干湿交替及强度为1 000 GS磁场处理30 min均能使种子的发芽率得到显著提高。最适诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D 6 mg·L^-1,有机添加物对于愈伤组织的生长影响并不显著,但可以改善其状态;较为适宜的分化培养基为MS+2 mg·L^-1 6-BA或KT;生根培养基为附加0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA的MS培养基。