中国广肩小蜂科二新纪录属及二新纪录种(膜翅目,小蜂总科)

记述了广肩小蜂科中国2新纪录属:普氏广肩小蜂属Plutarchia Girault,1925和拉氏广肩小蜂属Ramdasoma Narendran,1994,及2个新纪录种:凹纹普氏广肩小蜂Plutarchia indefensa Walker,1860和简拉氏广肩小蜂Ramdasoma simplexus Narendran,1994.提供了其形态描述、形态特征图,首次报道并描述了简拉氏广肩小蜂Ramdasoma simplexus Narendran,1994的雄虫.研究标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

Chemical composition of volatiles from the syconia of Ficus microcarpa and host recognition behavior of pollinating fig wasps

Aims Chemical communication plays a key role in host plant recognition of pollinators. There are two recognized types of chemical communication between syconia and their pollinating fig wasps: one is “generalization”, of which the wasps respond to the relative ratio of multiple compounds, and the other is “specialization”, of which the key signal is a single uncommon, possibly unique, compound. The aims of this study were to identify the chemical composition of volatiles from the syconia of Ficus microcarpa at different developmental phases, and to determine if the signaling between F. microcarpa and its pollinating fig wasp, Eupristina verticillata, is of generalized type, or of specialized type.Methods The volatiles from syconia of F. microcarpa were extracted using solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) at different developmental phases (pre-female, female (before and after pollination), interfloral, male and postfloral phases) and the chemical compounds were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We then tested the behavioral responses of E. verticillata to fresh syconia at different developmental phases using two-choice olfactometers.Important findings There were 21 volatile compounds identified from the syconia at different developmental phases, which were mainly fatty acid derivatives, terpenoids and aromatic compounds. The components of the volatiles apparently differed among the developmental stages. The contents of terpenoids declined, but the contents of fatty acid derivatives increased, from before the pollination to after the pollination. Especially, the characteristic compounds of 2-heptanone and 3-octanone before the pollination disappeared, D-limonene decreased after the pollination, but copanene, cyclohexane and 2-hexenal increased. The results of the two-choice olfactometer experiment showed that the pollinating fig wasps had higher selection ratio to chemicals found in the female phase syconia than those in other phases; whereas the volatile compounds from the male phase syconia had the function pushing the pollinating fig wasps to leave the natal syconia so that there existed the “push-pull” responses by fig wasps to volatiles released by their host syconia. We conclude that there are multiple chemical compounds playing the roles in host recognition of pollinating fig wasp E. verticillata. The mutualistic relationship between F. microcarpa and E. verticillata is maintained by the chemical communication of “generalization” strategy.     

直脉榕开发利用

直脉榕在园林绿化中具有作行道树的特点,其树桩、小苗是制作盆景的材料,通过对其资源、市场的分析,为林业产业提供决策依据.     

陕西省赤眼蜂调查并记述—新种(膜翅目:纹翅小蜂科)

在陕西省调查采集的赤眼蜂,经制片整理共有10种,其中有1个新种。新种的模式标本保存于陕西省植保所。现列名录如下: 螟黄赤眼蜂 Trichogramna chilonis Ishii 舟蛾赤眼蜂 T.closterae Pang et Chen 松毛虫赤眼蜂 T.dendrolimi Matsumura 广赤眼蜂 T.evanescens Westwood 毒蛾赤眼蜂 T.ivelae Pang et Chen 稻螟赤眼蜂 T.japonicum Ashmead     

陕西省跳小蜂科十一新种（膜翅目）

记述陕西省膜翅目跳小蜂科5属11新种的形态特征及其与近缘种区别特征，模式标本保存在西北农林科技大学林业科学院昆虫标本室。