桑小灰象成虫的空间格局及抽样技术的研究

<正> 桑小灰象Calomycterus obconicus Chao是桑树的主要害虫之一,近年来在苏北地区发生日趋严重。作者在第二代桑小灰象成虫盛发     

柑橘大实蝇物候对气候变暖的响应

[目的]明确实蝇对气候变暖的响应特征，研究未来气候变化背景下柑橘大实蝇的灾变规律及防控措施的优化。[方法]以湖北省宜昌市为例，收集该地区柑橘大实蝇历年的物候数据与同期温度数据，通过线性回归模型分析成虫羽化始期、羽化高峰期、羽化结束期、产卵始期、产卵高峰期和产卵结束期的年际变化情况和与温度升高的关系。[结果]1981—2020年，宜昌市年均温和四季均温均有不同程度的上升，春季均温升温最为显著。近20年间，柑橘大实蝇在宜昌市呈羽化发生提前且产卵为害延迟的态势，且羽化和产卵历期呈缩短的态势。若宜昌市年均温提升1 ℃，柑橘大实蝇羽化始期和高峰期分别延迟0.4746和1.026 d，羽化结束期提前0.0227 d，总体呈羽化延迟且缩短趋势;产卵始期提前4.286 d，高峰期和结束期分别延迟1.173和1.081 d，总体呈产卵提前且延长趋势。[结论]气候变暖对宜昌市柑橘大实蝇的羽化和产卵产生一定的影响，对未来气候变化背景下柑橘大实蝇的灾变规律及防控措施的优化具有重要意义。     

黑绒金龟成虫为害期与地温关系的研究报告

黑绒金龟ＭａｌａｄｅｒａｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓＭｏｔｓｃｈｕｌｓｋｙ近年在一些地区危害严重，准确掌握黑绒金龟成虫的为害期与地温（５ｃｍ）处之间的内在关系，可为提前预报黑绒金龟成虫的危害，提供科学的依据。因此，我站从１９９４年起连续对黑绒金龟成虫的危害状况进行调查，同时向当地气象台查询有关气象资料。１调查的基本情况１．１调查地点：国营新民市机械林场掷河沿岸新植林地。１．２调查时间：每年从４月１日起，隔日调查１次，发现为害后则改为每日调查１次，直至该成虫为害转移为止，填写当年“黑绒金龟成虫监测调查表”…     

Effect of growing media and their constituents on fungus gnat, Bradysia sp, nr, coprophila （Lintner） adults

This study was conducted to determine the attractiveness of two growing media, commonly utilized in greenhouses, to fungus gnat, Bradysia sp. nr. coprophila adults. The constituents of the most attractive growing medium tested were determined by gas chromatography analysis using a steam-distillation procedure. We found that fungus gnat adults were more attracted to the growing medium, SB300 Universal Professional Growing Mix, which contains composted bark, than to another growing medium （Sunshine LC1 Mix） and their components when tested in a series of laboratory experiments using multiple-choice experimental arenas. A higher percentage of fungus gnat adults were attracted to moist SB300 （92%） than SB300 growing medium that had been oven dried （8%）. In addition, fungus gnat adults preferred SB300 although they had been reared on Sunshine LC1 Mix. When comparing the SB300 fresh from the bag to growing medium that had been pasteurized and moistened with water, gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic data showed there were declines in several terpenoid constituents as well as an increase in fatty acids and cyclosulfur. The results of this study indicate that B. sp. nr. coprophila adults prefer certain growing media, which may assist greenhouse producers in managing fungus gnats in crop production systems.     

用蝶啶荧光分析法推断大头金蝇成虫日龄

应用蝶啶荧光分析法分析了常见尸食性蝇类大头金蝇Chrysomyamegacephala成虫头部蝶啶含量与日龄间关系 ,以及温度、性别等对这种关系的影响。结果表明 ,日龄、温度和性别对成虫蝶啶含量均有显著影响 ,其中温度为主要影响因子。在 16℃、2 0℃、2 4℃、2 8℃和 32℃各恒温下 ,成虫头部蝶啶含量与日龄间存在显著的线性关系。雌雄成虫头部蝶啶积累速率 (或 )与温度 (t)的关系分别可用指数函数FV =0 0 12 88×e(0 2 2 41t-3 12 7) +0 36 49(r2 =0 9987)和线性函数MV =0 0 5 74t- 0 36 37(r2 =0 95 5 7)很好地加以拟合。依据恒温试验结果 ,提出了自然变温条件下成虫日龄的 3种候选估测方法 ,证实这 3种方法仅适宜雄成虫而不适于雌成虫 ,其中对雄成虫日龄估测的最小误差平均为 2 5 5d。最后实际应用中如何选用这 3种方法作了讨论。     

马大头稚虫及成虫足畸形记述

<正> 1991年6月12日笔者在连云港市云台乡妇联河边网捕蜻蜒稚虫时,采得1头足畸形蜻蜒末龄雄性稚虫,经鉴定为马大头Anax par-thenope julius Brauer。通过饲养羽化为成虫,发现成虫与稚虫的畸形足各有不同,现记述如下。