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111.
The B30.2/SPRY domain is present in many proteins, including various members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family such as TRIM5α, which mediates innate intracellular resistance to retroviruses in several primate species.
This resistance is dependent on the integrity of the B30.2 domain that evolves rapidly in primates and exhibits species-specific
anti-viral activity. TRIM22 is another positively selected TRIM gene. Particularly, the B30.2 domain shows rapid evolution in the primate lineage and recently published data indicate an
anti-viral function of TRIM22. We show here that human and rhesus TRIM22 localise to different subcellular compartments and
that this difference can be assigned to the positively selected B30.2 domain. Moreover, we could demonstrate that amino acid
changes in two variable loops (VL1 and VL3) are responsible for the different subcellular localisations. 相似文献
112.
Dominik Schüßler Marina B. Blanco Nicola K. Guthrie Gabriele M. Sgarlata Melanie Dammhahn Refaly Ernest Mamy Rina Evasoa Alida Hasiniaina Daniel Hending Fabien Jan Barbara le Pors Alex Miller Gillian Olivieri Ando N. Rakotonanahary Solofomalala Jacques Rakotondranary Romule Rakotondravony Tantely Ralantoharijaona Veronarindra Ramananjato Blanchard Randrianambinina Nancia N. Raoelinjanakolona Emilienne Rasoazanabary Rodin M. Rasoloarison David W. Rasolofoson Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona Emmanuel Rasolondraibe Sam Hyde Roberts Helena Teixeira Tobias van Elst Steig E. Johnson Jörg U. Ganzhorn Lounès Chikhi Peter M. Kappeler Edward E. Louis Jr. Jordi Salmona Ute Radespiel 《American journal of physical anthropology》2024,183(1):60-78
113.
Adema Ribic Mingyue Zhang Christina Schlumbohm Kerstin Mätz-Rensing Barbara Uchanska-Ziegler Gabriele Flügge Weiqi Zhang Lutz Walter Eberhard Fuchs 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2010,30(6):827-839
Several recent studies suggested a role for neuronal major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecules in certain
forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of rodents. Here, we report for the first time on the expression pattern and
functional properties of MHCI molecules in the hippocampus of a nonhuman primate, the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). We detected a presynaptic, mossy fiber-specific localization of MHCI proteins within the marmoset hippocampus. MHCI molecules
were present in the large, VGlut1-positive, mossy fiber terminals, which provide input to CA3 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore,
whole-cell recordings of CA3 pyramidal neurons in acute hippocampal slices of the common marmoset demonstrated that application
of antibodies which specifically block MHCI proteins caused a significant decrease in the frequency, and a transient increase
in the amplitude, of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) in CA3 pyramidal neurons. These findings add to
previous studies on neuronal MHCI molecules by describing their expression and localization in the primate hippocampus and
by implicating them in plasticity-related processes at the mossy fiber–CA3 synapses. In addition, our results suggest significant
interspecies differences in the localization of neuronal MHCI molecules in the hippocampus of mice and marmosets, as well
as in their potential function in these species. 相似文献
114.
Van Ngoc Thinh Alan R Mootnick Thomas Geissmann Ming Li Thomas Ziegler Muhammad Agil Pierre Moisson Tilo Nadler Lutz Walter Christian Roos 《BMC evolutionary biology》2010,10(1):74
Background
Gibbons or small apes inhabit tropical and subtropical rain forests in Southeast Asia and adjacent regions, and are, next to great apes, our closest living relatives. With up to 16 species, gibbons form the most diverse group of living hominoids, but the number of taxa, their phylogenetic relationships and their phylogeography is controversial. To further the discussion of these issues we analyzed the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 85 individuals representing all gibbon species, including most subspecies. 相似文献115.
Saliva sampling is frequently used in humans for adrenal glucocorticoid hormone analysis because of advantages such as non-invasiveness, the ease of collection, and storing of the samples. To transfer this advantageous method to laboratory mammals, potentially confounding factors such as stressful handling procedures have to be excluded. In the present study we established a method for collecting saliva for cortisol measurement in freely moving adult male tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri). The practicability of the procedure was demonstrated (i) by stress-induced changes in cortisol levels revealing a significant increase during the stress phase (control = 0.91 nmol/l vs stress = 1.71 nmol/l), and (ii) by reporting no significant differences in salivary cortisol levels before and after performance of a learning task. The present study emphasizes the use of salivary cortisol analysis especially for monitoring acute changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in male tree shrews. 相似文献
116.
117.
Isachenko EF Nayudu PL Isachenko VV Nawroth F Michelmann HW 《Journal of medical primatology》2002,31(6):350-355
In this paper, the occurrence of an external genital abnormality in female marmoset monkeys (fused labia) is discussed. This malformation was detected, for the first time, in a group of animals at the German Primate Center (GPC), Goettingen. The malformed vulva was completely sealed except for an opening of 1.5-2.5 mm around the urethra sufficient for urination. Because of this defect the animals were not able to copulate. As a consequence, the affected females were functionally infertile although they had a normal genital tract and a regular cycle. This vulvar abnormality was found in 12 females, offspring of 10 pairs in which either one or both came to the German Primate Center from two genetically related colonies in Munich, Germany, and one colony in Basel, Switzerland. The abnormality appeared to be recessive and inheritable from either parent. In pairs in which both animals were from one of the mentioned colonies, 45% of the female offspring were affected. In pairs where only one partner came from these colonies, 26% of female offspring had the malformation. These results indicate that avoidance of inbreeding, which is frequently performed in primate colonies, may reduce, but not eliminate the expression of abnormalities of genetic origin. Therefore selective breeding is required, and, in colonies where these recessive mutations are widespread, the development of genetic screening tests would be advantageous. 相似文献
118.
Brack M 《Journal of medical primatology》1998,27(6):319-324
Abstract: Twenty-six gastrointestinal tumors were observed in twenty-three nonhuman primates during routine necropsies at the German Primate Center, Göttingen. The majority (15 cases) were colorectal mucoid adenocarcinomas in cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus), which in two animals were associated with gastric adenomas. Three cases of small intestinal mucoid adenocarcinomas occurred in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). One colonic leiomyoma was observed in a dwarf galago (Galagoides demidovii) and another one in a cotton top tamarin. Singular findings were a tubular adeno-carcinoma of the ileo-caecal valve in a saddle-backed tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis) and a lymphosarcoma of jejunum, ileum, and colon in another saddle-backed tamarin. Multiple tubular adeno-carcinomas of the colonic diverticles occurred in an aged rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). The findings are discussed in comparison to the situation in man. 相似文献
119.
Janna Kirchhof & Kurt Hammerschmidt† 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》2006,112(4):346-354
Studies on primate vocalisation have revealed different types of alarm call systems ranging from graded signals based on response urgency to functionally referential alarm calls that elicit predator‐specific reactions. In addition, alarm call systems that include both highly specific and other more unspecific calls have been reported. There has been consistent discussion on the possible factors leading to the evolution of different alarm call systems, among which is the need of qualitatively different escape strategies. We studied the alarm calls of free‐ranging saddleback and moustached tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis and Saguinus mystax) in northeast Peru. Both species have predator‐specific alarm calls and show specific non‐vocal reactions. In response to aerial predators, they look upwards and quickly move downwards, while in response to terrestrial predators, they look downwards and sometimes approach the predator. We conducted playback experiments to test if the predator‐specific reactions could be elicited in the absence of the predator by the tamarins’ alarm calls alone. We found that in response to aerial alarm call playbacks the subjects looked significantly longer upwards, and in response to terrestrial alarm call playbacks they looked significantly longer downwards. Thus, the tamarins reacted as if external referents, i.e. information about the predator type or the appropriate reaction, were encoded in the acoustic features of the calls. In addition, we found no differences in the responses of S. fuscicollis and S. mystax whether the alarm call stimulus was produced by a conspecific or a heterospecific caller. Furthermore, it seems that S. fuscicollis terrestrial alarm calls were less specific than either S. mystax terrestrial predator alarms or either species’ aerial predator alarms, but because of the small sample size it is difficult to draw a final conclusion. 相似文献
120.
《Trends in genetics : TIG》2023,39(7):545-559
The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches and applications in biodiversity and conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, and current shortcomings of applications. Most approaches perform best in combination with reference genomes from the target species or closely related species. We review case studies to illustrate how reference genomes can facilitate biodiversity research and conservation across the tree of life. We conclude that the time is ripe to view reference genomes as fundamental resources and to integrate their use as a best practice in conservation genomics. 相似文献