高寒地区豆秸裁培香菇

香菇在世界菇类产量中居第 2位 ,是仅次于双孢菇的食用蕈菌 ,香菇的人工栽培 ,也是我国最早 ,距今已有 80 0多年的历史。 80年代后逐渐以袋料栽培为主 ,所用原料以阔叶木屑、棉籽壳居多 ,寒地利用粉碎豆秸栽培香菇的报道甚少。黑龙江省龙门农场地处北纬 48 5°～49 0 2° ,东经 1 2 6°～ 1 2 7° ,海拔 42 5米 ,年平均气温 - 0 9℃ ,属我省第四积温带 ,是大豆主产区之一 ,随着农业产业结构调整木屑代料香菇生产已迅速发展起来 ,但林木资源的紧缺制约了香菇产业的发展 ,而这里每年大量的豆秸作为废弃物在地里堆放燃烧 ,不但是一种浪费 ,还…     

Development and validation of a CTNNB1-associated metabolic prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy closely related to metabolic reprogramming. We investigated how CTNNB1 mutation regulates the HCC metabolic phenotype and thus affects the prognosis of HCC. We obtained the mRNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the International Cancer Genomics Consortium (ICGC) and the Gene Expression Omnibus database ( GSE14520 and GSE116174 ). We conducted gene set enrichment analysis on HCC patients with and without mutant CTNNB1 through TCGA dataset. The Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis assisted in screening metabolic genes related to prognosis, and the prognosis model was constructed using the Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The prognostic model showed good prediction performance in both the training cohort (TCGA) and the validation cohorts (ICGC, GSE14520 , GSE116174 ), and the high-risk group presented obviously poorer overall survival compared with low-risk group. Cox regression analysis indicated that the risk score can be used as an independent predictor for the overall survival of HCC. The immune infiltration in different risk groups was also evaluated in this study to explore underlying mechanisms. This study is also the first to describe an metabolic prognostic model associated with CTNNB1 mutations and could be implemented for determining the prognoses of individual patients in clinical practice.     

A Review of Nature-Inspired Algorithms

The study of bionics bridges the functions, biological structures and organizational principles found in nature with our modern technologies, and numerous mathematical and metaheuristic algorithms have been developed along with the knowledge transferring process from the lifeforms to the human technologies. Output of bionics study includes not only physical products, but also various computation methods that can be applied in different areas. People have learnt from biological systems and structures to design and develop a number of different kinds of optimisation algorithms that have been widely used in both theoretical study and practical applications. In this paper, a number of selected nature-inspired algorithms are systematically reviewed and analyzed. Though the paper is mainly focused on the original principle behind each of the algorithm, their applications are also discussed.     

Dux-Mediated Corrections of Aberrant H3K9ac during 2-Cell Genome Activation Optimize Efficiency of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

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Practical and reliable FRET/FLIM pair of fluorescent proteins

Background  

In spite of a great number of monomeric fluorescent proteins developed in the recent years, the reported fluorescent protein-based FRET pairs are still characterized by a number of disadvantageous features, complicating their use as reporters in cell biology and for high-throughput cell-based screenings.     

Evenness of soil organic carbon chemical components changes with tree species richness,composition and functional diversity across forests in China

Higher tree species richness generally increases the storage of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, less attention is paid to the influence of varied tree species composition on SOC storage. Recently, the perspectives for the stronger persistence of SOC caused by the higher molecular diversity of organic compounds were proposed. Therefore, the influences of tree species richness and composition on the molecular diversity of SOC need to be explored. In this study, an index of the evenness of diverse SOC chemical components was proposed to represent the potential resistance of SOC to decomposition under disturbances. Six natural forest types were selected encompassing a diversity gradient, ranging from cold temperate to tropical forests. We examined the correlations of tree species richness, composition, and functional diversity, with the evenness of SOC chemical components at a molecular level by ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance. Across the range, tree species richness correlated to the evenness of SOC chemical components through tree species composition. The negative correlation of evenness of SOC chemical components with tree species composition, and the positive correlation of evenness of SOC chemical components with tree functional diversity were found. These indicate the larger difference in tree species composition and the lower community functional diversity resulted in the higher heterogeneity of SOC chemical components among the communities. The positive correlation of the evenness of SOC chemical components with the important value of indicator tree species, further revealed the specific tree species contributing to the higher evenness of SOC chemical components in each forest type. Soil fungal and bacterial α-diversity had effect on the evenness of SOC chemical components. These findings suggest that the indicator tree species conservation might be preferrable to simply increasing tree species richness, for enhancing the potential resistance of SOC to decomposition.     

Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance,digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance of weaned piglets. Crossbreed weaned piglets (n = 192; Duroc × Landrace × Large White) were assigned to one of four treatments (2 × 2 factorial arrangement). All piglets were fed corn–soybean meal diets and treatments were (1) hot air-dried and coarsely ground corn, (2) hot air-dried and finely ground corn, (3) sun-dried and coarsely ground corn and (4) sun-dried and finely ground corn. The results showed that finely ground corn (FGC) improved the performance of piglets. Additionally, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and ether extract (EE) were increased by FGC, but the drying methods did not affect the performance of piglets or ATTD. Furthermore, smaller particle size significantly decreased the intestinal permeability, which was also not influenced by drying methods. FGC increased the total number of white blood cells, but not other blood parameters. Finally, the level of serum interleukin-1 was decreased by fine grinding and that of serum tumour necrosis factor α was decreased by sun drying. Conversely, these characteristics of weaned piglets can hardly have been affected either by the corn drying method or its interaction with grinding methods.