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101.
A thermosensitive strain (YMR134Wts) of the essential gene YMR134W presented up to 40% less ergosterol, threefold lower oxygen consumption and impaired growth on respiratory conditions. The iron content in the mitochondrial fraction of YMR134Wts cells was considerably low, despite these cells uptake and accumulate more iron from the culture media than wild-type cells. YMR134Wts cells were also more susceptible to oxidative stress. The results suggest that Ymr134wp is essential to aerobic growth due to its function in ergosterol biosynthesis, playing a role in maintaining mitochondrial and plasma membrane integrity and consequently impacting the iron homeostasis, respiratory metabolism and antioxidant response. 相似文献
102.
L A Camargo W A Saad C R Netto C G Gentil J Antunes-Rodrigues M R Covian 《Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology》1976,54(3):219-228
Urinary output of Na+ and K+, and volume of urine have been studied in conscious, unrestrained, water-loaded male rats following the intraseptal injection of catecholamines. Natriuresis and kaliuresis increased after injecting noradrenaline (NA), the intensity being dose related. The dose-response curve suggests that a monomolecular interacting takes place between NA and pharmacological receptors present in the septal area. No change was observed in diuresis. Systematic mapping of the septal area yielded about the same results for all sites except a zone located in the lateral nucleus that was more sensitive. An alpha blocker (dibenamine), injected intraseptally before NA, showed an inhibitory effect while a beta blocker (propranolol) yielded a potentiation effect. These same effects of the blocking agents were observed when adrenaline was used instead of NA. Lidocaine, which inhibits the re-uptake of NA, showed an enhancement of the natriuretic and kaliuretic effect of NA, and the same effect was observed when the enzymatic destruction of NA was prevented by nialamide, an inhibitor of monoaminoxidase. Dopamine showed a natriuretic effect, but no effect was observed on K+ and urine output. Serotonin had no action on natriuresis, kaliuresis and diuresis. 相似文献
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José Murillo B Netto André N Bastos André A Figueiredo Luis M Pérez 《Reviews in urology》2009,11(2):71-81
Spinal neural tube defects are congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord (eg, myelomeningocele) and are frequently seen in pediatric urology practice. These neurologic problems have many consequences in a child’s life and affect different parts of the body, such as the brain, spinal cord, limbs, bladder, and bowels. Because of the complexity and neurologic aspects of spinal dysraphism, many related terms and aspects of the disease are unfamiliar to the urologist. This review addresses some of the most commonly used neurosurgical terms and concepts related to spinal dysraphism.Key words: Spina bifida, Spinal dysraphism, MyelomeningoceleSpinal neural tube defects are congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord secondary to abnormal neural tube closure that occur between the third and fourth weeks of gestation. The term spinal dysraphism includes the overall group of defects derived from the maldevelopment of the ectodermal, mesodermal, and neuroectodermal tissues, and its sequelae may affect brain, bones, extremities, and bowel and bladder functions.The incidence of spinal dysraphism ranges from 3.2 to 4.6 per 10,000 births in North America1,2; no geographic variation has been seen, and there is a relatively uniform incidence in all ethnic groups.3 There is strong evidence that there has been a decline in incidence worldwide since the 1970s1,4; however, it is unclear whether this is a transient or permanent trend. This decline is probably due to a systematic use of dietary folic acid before and during the gestational months,5 and more recently to the advent of prenatal diagnosis, which leads to therapeutic abortion in as many as half of the diagnosed cases in some countries.6 The disorder occurs equally or somewhat more commonly in female newborns (female, 1.0–1.7/male, 1.0), depending on the populations studied. Embryologically, open spinal dysraphism (myelomeningocele) is thought to occur 3 to 4 weeks after conception at the time that the neural tube is closing.7Myelomeningoceles are by far the most common spinal dysraphic condition affecting the lower urinary tract and therefore the most familiar to urologists.8 The lumbar and sacral regions are the most common vertebral levels affected9 (Level Estimated
Prevalence (%) Cervical 0–5 Thoracic 5–10 Thoracolumbar 20–30 Lumbar 20–30 Lumbosacral 30–50 Sacral 5–15