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41.
Abdallah AM Verboom T Hannes F Safi M Strong M Eisenberg D Musters RJ Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM Appelmelk BJ Luirink J Bitter W 《Molecular microbiology》2006,62(3):667-679
Mycobacterial genomes contain two unique gene families, the so-called PE and PPE gene families, which are highly expanded in the pathogenic members of this genus. Here we report that one of the PPE proteins, i.e. PPE41, is secreted by pathogenic mycobacteria, both in culture and in infected macrophages. As PPE41 lacks a signal sequence a dedicated secretion system must be involved. A single gene was identified in Mycobacterium marinum that showed strongly reduced PPE41 secretion. This gene was located in a gene cluster whose predicted proteins encode components of an ESAT-6-like secretion system. This cluster, designated ESX-5, is conserved in various pathogenic mycobacteria, but not in the saprophytic species Mycobacterium smegmatis. Therefore, different regions of this cluster were introduced in M. smegmatis. Only introduction of the complete ESX-5 locus resulted in efficient secretion of heterologously expressed PPE41. This PPE secretion system is also involved in the virulence of pathogenic mycobacteria, as the ESX-5 mutant of M. marinum was affected in spreading to uninfected macrophages. 相似文献
42.
MH Daleke AD van der Woude AH Parret R Ummels AM de Groot D Watson SR Piersma CR Jiménez J Luirink W Bitter EN Houben 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(38):31939-31947
Mycobacteria use the dedicated type VII protein secretion systems ESX-1 and ESX-5 to secrete virulence factors across their highly hydrophobic cell envelope. The substrates of these systems include the large mycobacterial PE and PPE protein families, which are named after their characteristic Pro-Glu and Pro-Pro-Glu motifs. Pathogenic mycobacteria secrete large numbers of PE/PPE proteins via the major export pathway, ESX-5. In addition, a few PE/PPE proteins have been shown to be exported by ESX-1. It is not known how ESX-1 and ESX-5 recognize their cognate PE/PPE substrates. In this work, we investigated the function of the cytosolic protein EspG(5), which is essential for ESX-5-mediated secretion in Mycobacterium marinum, but for which the role in secretion is not known. By performing protein co-purifications, we show that EspG(5) interacts with several PPE proteins and a PE/PPE complex that is secreted by ESX-5, but not with the unrelated ESX-5 substrate EsxN or with PE/PPE proteins secreted by ESX-1. Conversely, the ESX-1 paralogue EspG(1) interacted with a PE/PPE couple secreted by ESX-1, but not with PE/PPE substrates of ESX-5. Furthermore, structural analysis of the complex formed by EspG(5) and PE/PPE indicates that these proteins interact in a 1:1:1 ratio. In conclusion, our study shows that EspG(5) and EspG(1) interact specifically with PE/PPE proteins that are secreted via their own ESX systems and suggests that EspG proteins are specific chaperones for the type VII pathway. 相似文献
43.
Abdallah AM Rashid M Adroub SA Arnoux M Ali S van Soolingen D Bitter W Pain A 《Journal of bacteriology》2012,194(12):3284-3285
Mycobacterium phlei is a rapidly growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium species that is typically nonpathogenic, with few reported cases of human disease. Here we report the whole genome sequence of M. phlei type strain RIVM601174. 相似文献
44.
Bottai D Di Luca M Majlessi L Frigui W Simeone R Sayes F Bitter W Brennan MJ Leclerc C Batoni G Campa M Brosch R Esin S 《Molecular microbiology》2012,83(6):1195-1209
The chromosome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes five type VII secretion systems (ESX-1-ESX-5). While the role of the ESX-1 and ESX-3 systems in M. tuberculosis has been elucidated, predictions for the function of the ESX-5 system came from data obtained in Mycobacterium marinum, where it transports PPE and PE_PGRS proteins and modulates innate immune responses. To define the role of the ESX-5 system in M. tuberculosis, in this study, we have constructed five M. tuberculosis H37Rv ESX-5 knockout/deletion mutants, inactivating eccA(5), eccD(5), rv1794 and esxM genes or the ppe25-pe19 region. Whereas the Mtbrv1794ko displayed no obvious phenotype, the other four mutants showed defects in secretion of the ESX-5-encoded EsxN and PPE41, a representative member of the large PPE protein family. Strikingly, the MtbeccD(5) ko mutant also showed enhanced sensitivity to detergents and hydrophilic antibiotics. When the virulence of the five mutants was evaluated, the MtbeccD(5) ko and MtbΔppe25-pe19 mutants were found attenuated both in macrophages and in the severe combined immune-deficient mouse infection model. Altogether these findings indicate an essential role of ESX-5 for transport of PPE proteins, cell wall integrity and full virulence of M. tuberculosis, thereby opening interesting new perspectives for the study of this human pathogen. 相似文献
45.
Sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus was introduced into the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, in 1976 and there are concerns about its possible negative impacts
on native biota. This study investigated its trophic impact by examining its feeding habits. Stomach content and stable isotope
analyses were compared from three localities—the Great Fish River, Sundays River and Glen Melville Dam. Stomach content analysis
indicated a catholic diet dominated by fish particularly in all localities. Spatially, however, the diets revealed differences
based on the dominance of macrophytes that were only present in the rivers, and aquatic invertebrates that appeared more diverse
within the Great Fish River compared to other localities. By contrast, stable isotopes revealed a more generalised feeding
pattern with no clear dominance of particular prey. Stable isotopes further showed that the catfish was a complex predator,
with large catfish being top predators whereas smaller size groups appeared to feed lower in the food chain. An ontogenetic
shift in diet was evident, with small fish predominantly consuming aquatic invertebrates and shifting towards fish with increasing
size. High dietary overlap suggests the potential risk associated catfish feeding, especially the potential of piscivory by
small catfish that are more likely to persist in shallow and marginal where endangered indigenous minnows occur. The alteration
of environmental conditions, especially flow by inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) schemes, was inferred to have had a probable
influence its invasion success. Occurrence of other invaders, which was facilitated by the IBWT together with the catfish,
posits the risk of invasion meltdown within the study systems. 相似文献
46.
Hofstede SN Marang-van de Mheen PJ Assendelft WJ Vleggeert-Lankamp CL Stiggelbout AM Vroomen PC van den Hout WB Vliet Vlieland TP van Bodegom-Vos L 《Implementation science : IS》2012,7(1):55
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Sciatica is a common condition worldwide that is characterized by radiating leg pain and regularly caused by a herniated disc with nerve root compression. Sciatica patients with persisting leg pain after six to eight weeks were found to have similar clinical outcomes and associated costs after prolonged conservative treatment or surgery at one year follow-up. Guidelines recommend that the team of professionals involved in sciatica care and patients jointly decide about treatment options, so-called interprofessional shared decision making (SDM). However, there are strong indications that SDM for sciatica patients is not integrated in daily practice. We designed a study aiming to explore the barriers and facilitators associated with the everyday embedding of SDM for sciatica patients. All related relevant professionals and patients are involved to develop a tailored strategy to implement SDM for sciatica patients. METHODS: The study consists of two phases: identification of barriers and facilitators and development of an implementation strategy. First, barriers and facilitators are explored using semi-structured interviews among eight professionals of each (para)medical discipline involved in sciatica care (general practitioners, physical therapists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedic surgeons). In addition, three focus groups will be conducted among patients. Second, the identified barriers and facilitators will be ranked using a questionnaire among a representative Dutch sample of 200 GPs, 200 physical therapists, 200 neurologists, all 124 neurosurgeons, 200 orthopedic surgeons, and 100 patients. A tailored team-based implementation strategy will be developed based on the results of the first phase using the principles of intervention mapping and an expert panel. DISCUSSION: Little is known about effective strategies to increase the uptake of SDM. Most implementation strategies only target a single discipline, whereas multiple disciplines are involved in SDM among sciatica patients. The results of this study can be used as an example for implementing SDM in other patient groups receiving multidisciplinary complex care (e.g., elderly) and can be generalized to other countries with similar context, thereby contributing to a worldwide increase SDM in preference sensitive choices. 相似文献
47.
Llamas MA Mooij MJ Sparrius M Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM Ratledge C Bitter W 《Molecular microbiology》2008,67(2):458-472
Cell-surface signalling is a sophisticated regulatory mechanism used by Gram-negative bacteria to sense signals from outside the cell and transmit them into the cytoplasm. This regulatory system consists of an outer membrane-localized TonB-dependent receptor (TonB-dependent transducer), a cytoplasmic membrane-localized antisigma factor and an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor. Pseudomonas aeruginosa contains 13 potential surface signalling systems of which only six have been studied in detail. In this work we have identified the regulons of five novel P. aeruginosa signalling systems. For that, the ECF sigmas PA0149, PA1912, PA2050, PA2093 and PA4896 have been overexpressed and their target gene candidates have been identified using DNA microarray, proteomic analysis, and/or lacZ reporter construct. All five ECF sigma factors control the production of one TonB-dependent transducer. Interestingly, two sigma factors, PA2050 and PA2093, regulate the synthesis of a second transducer. Furthermore, we show that although all these sigma factors seem to control putative (metal) transport systems, one of them also regulates the expression of P. aeruginosa pyocins. Finally, we also show that the PA1912-PA1911-PA1910 (designated FemI-FemR-FemA in this work) signalling system responds to the presence of the Mycobacterium siderophores mycobactin and carboxymycobactin and is involved in the utilization of these heterologous siderophores. 相似文献
48.
Kartikasari AE Roelofs R Schaeps RM Kemna EH Peters WH Swinkels DW Tjalsma H 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2008,1784(12):2029-2037
49.
María B. Birkisdttir Dick Jaarsma Renata M. C. Brandt Sander Barnhoorn Nicole van Vliet Sandra Imholz Conny T. van Oostrom Bhawani Nagarajah Eliana Portilla Fernndez Anton J. M. Roks Ype Elgersma Harry van Steeg Jos A. Ferreira Jeroen L. A. Pennings Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers Wilbert P. Vermeij Martijn E. T. Doll 《Aging cell》2021,20(2)
50.
Hagai Levine Hideo Mohri Anders Ekbom Liliana Ramos Geoff Parker Eduardo Roldan Luca Jovine Sabine Koelle Anna Lindstrand Simone Immler Sharon Mortimer David Mortimer Gerhard van der Horst Sumio Ishijima Natalie Aneck-Hahn Elisabetta Baldi Roelof Menkveld Susan A Rothmann Aleksander Giwercman Yvonne Giwercman Mats Holmberg Ulrik Kvist Lars Björndahl Rebecka Holmberg Stefan Arver John Flanagan Joël R Drevet 《Andrologie》2018,28(1):13
On the occasion of the XIIIth International Symposium on Spermatology held from 9 to 13 May 2018 in Stockholm (Sweden), participants (guest speakers and audience) collectively felt the need to make a public statement on the general issue of male reproductive health. Our intention is to raise awareness of what we believe is a neglected area of research despite alarming situations around the world. The disclosure strategy desired by the co-authors is to bring it to the attention of the greatest number partly by considering co-publication in the various periodicals dealing with Reproductive Biology and Andrology. BaCA’s editorial office accepted this mission and found it natural that our periodical, the official journal of the French Andrology Society (SALF), should carry this message. 相似文献