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61.
Abstact Milk and dairy products purchased at Egyptian markets and breast milk from lactating mothers in Cairo and Giza governorates
were analyzed for some mycotoxins. Three of 15 cows’ milk samples were found positive for Afl. M1 with mean value 6.3 ppb. Only one sample of dried milk was positive (5 ppb). Two of 10 hard cheese samples contained detectable
levels of Afl. M1 (3and 6 ppb), whereas one sample containing Afl. B1 and G1 (10 and 4 ppb resp.). For soft cheese one sample of 10 was positive for Afl. M1 (0.5 ppb). Blue veined cheeses were free of Afl. M1 and PR-toxins.
For breast milk two of 10 samples were positive for Afl. M1 (20%) with mean value 2.75 ppb, while 3 of 10 samples were positive for Ochratoxin A (30 %). 相似文献
62.
Background
Monetary incentives are an effective way of increasing response rates to surveys, though they are generally less effective in physicians, and are more effective when the incentive is paid up-front rather than when made conditional on completion. 相似文献63.
Geert Zegels Geert AA Van Raemdonck Wiebren AA Tjalma Xaveer WM Van Ostade 《Proteome science》2010,8(1):63
Cervicovaginal fluid has an important function in the homeostasis and immunity of the lower female genital tract. Analysis
of the cervicovaginal fluid proteome may therefore yield important information about the pathogenesis of numerous gynecological
pathologies. Additionally, cervicovaginal fluid has great potential as a source of biomarkers for these conditions. 相似文献
64.
Lauren Anton David C Merrill Liomar AA Neves Courtney Gruver Cheryl Moorefield K Bridget Brosnihan 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2010,8(1):135
Background
During preeclampsia, placental angiogenesis is impaired. Factors released from the placenta including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PLGF), soluble VEGF receptor 1 (sFlt1), and soluble endoglin (sEng) are regulatory molecules of placental development and function. While the renin angiotensin system has been shown to regulate angiogenic factors in other research fields, these mechanisms have not been extensively studied during pregnancy. 相似文献65.
Wilson EH Zaph C Mohrs M Welcher A Siu J Artis D Hunter CA 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2006,177(4):2365-2372
Although initial reports linked the costimulatory molecule ICOS preferentially with the development of Th2 cells, there is evidence that it is not required for protective type 2 immunity to helminths and that it contributes to Th1 and Th2 responses to other parasites. To address the role of ICOS in the development of infection-induced polarized Th cells, ICOS(-/-) mice were infected with Trichuris muris or Toxoplasma gondii. Wild-type mice challenged with T. muris developed Th2 responses and expelled these helminths by day 18 postinfection, whereas ICOS(-/-) mice failed to clear worms and produced reduced levels of type 2 cytokines. However, by day 35 postinfection, ICOS(-/-) mice were able to mount an effective Th2 response and worms were expelled. This delay in protective immunity was associated with a defect in infection-induced increases in the number of activated and proliferating CD4+ T cells. Similarly, following challenge with T. gondii ICOS was required for optimal proliferation by CD4+ T cells. However, the reduced number of activated CD4+ T cells and associated defect in the production of IFN-gamma did not result in increased susceptibility to T. gondii, but rather resulted in decreased CNS pathology during the chronic phase of this infection. Taken together, these data are consistent with a model in which ICOS is not involved in dictating polarity of the Th response but rather regulates the expansion of these subsets. 相似文献
66.
Bossaller L Burger J Draeger R Grimbacher B Knoth R Plebani A Durandy A Baumann U Schlesier M Welcher AA Peter HH Warnatz K 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2006,177(7):4927-4932
ICOS is expressed on activated T cells and particularly on CXCR5+ follicular Th cells in germinal centers (GC). Its deletion leads to a profound deficiency in memory B cell formation and switched Ab response in humans. Here, we show that in ICOS-deficient patients the generation of GCs is severely disturbed, and the numbers of circulating CXCR5+CD45RO+ memory CD4 T cells are significantly reduced, indicating an essential role of ICOS in the differentiation of CXCR5+CD4 T cells. The GC-specific CD57+CXCR5+ subpopulation is virtually absent. In ICOS-/- mice, the decrease of circulating CXCR5+CD4 T cells reflects the reduction of CXCR5+ follicular Th cells in lymph nodes and spleen. Therefore, in concurrence with the absence of CXCR5+ T cells in the blood of CD40L-deficient patients, these data support the hypothesis that circulating CD57+CXCR5+ T cells are GC derived and thus may serve as a surrogate marker for the presence of functional GCs in humans. 相似文献
67.
Zirconyl hematoxylin stains acidic mucins darkly and specifically using a solution of 100 mg hematoxylin, 5 ml ethanol, 5 ml 0.5% sodium iodate, 400 mg zirconyl chloride octahydrate, and 30 ml 25% aqueous glycerol. The stain is especially advantageous for studying goblet cells and Paget cells. 相似文献
68.
Thymol and Carvacrol Prevent Cisplatin‐Induced Nephrotoxicity by Abrogation of Oxidative Stress,Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats 下载免费PDF全文
El‐Sayed EM Abd‐Allah AR Mansour AM EL‐Arabey AA 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2015,29(4):165-172
The aim of the present study is to assess the possible protective effects of thymol and carvacrol against cisplatin (CP)‐induced nephrotoxicity. A single dose of CP {6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)} injected to male rats revealed significant increases in serum urea, creatinine, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. It also increased kidney contents of malondialdehyde and caspase‐3 activity with significant reduction in serum albumin, kidney content of reduced glutathione as well as catalase, and superoxide dismutase activity as compared to that of the control group. In contrast, administration of thymol {20 mg/kg, orally (p.o.)} and/or carvacrol (15 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days before CP injection and for 7 days after CP administration restored the kidney function and examined oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, thymol was more effective nephroprotective than carvacrol. Moreover, a combination of thymol and carvacrol had a synergistic nephroprotective effect that might be attributed to antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. 相似文献
69.
Background
Breast cancer survivors, particularly those treated with chemotherapy, are at significantly increased risk for long-term cognitive and neurobiologic impairments. These deficits tend to involve skills that are subserved by distributed brain networks. Additionally, neuroimaging studies have shown a diffuse pattern of brain structure changes in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer survivors that might impact large-scale brain networks.Methods
We therefore applied graph theoretical analysis to compare the gray matter structural networks of female breast cancer survivors with a history of chemotherapy treatment and healthy age and education matched female controls.Results
Results revealed reduced clustering coefficient and small-world index in the brain network of the breast cancer patients across a range of network densities. In addition, the network of the breast cancer group had less highly interactive nodes and reduced degree/centrality in the frontotemporal regions compared to controls, which may help explain the common impairments of memory and executive functioning among these patients.Conclusions
These results suggest that breast cancer and chemotherapy may decrease regional connectivity as well as global network organization and integration, reducing efficiency of the network. To our knowledge, this is the first report of altered large-scale brain networks associated with breast cancer and chemotherapy. 相似文献70.
OI Klychnikov AV Drabkin OV Vasilenko YS Pavlov MS Trofimova IN Smolenskaya AA Rozenkranz AS Sobolev AV Babakov 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》1998,63(9):1083-1089
Higher plant plasma membranes carry receptors of different affinity for the phytotoxin fusicoccin. Reception of fusicoccin involves proteins belonging to the highly conserved 14-3-3 family, but the complete structure of the fusicoccin receptor (FCR) is unknown. Using radiation inactivation analysis, we estimated the molecular masses of low-affinity and high-affinity FCR at 63 +/- 7 and 130 +/- 15 kD, respectively. The dose dependences of receptor inactivation indicate that microsomal specimens contain "silent" FCRs of 420 +/- 90 kD in amounts commensurate with that of the active FCRs. Both low- and high-affinity FCRs are inactivated by hydrolytic enzymes from the outer surface of the plasma membrane, and impairment of protoplast integrity causes an irreversible transition of the low-affinity binding site into the high-affinity one. A scheme is proposed for the organization of different types of FCR in the plasma membrane, implying that the membrane affinity for fusicoccin reflects the interaction between proteins in the FCR complex. 相似文献