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41.
Scopes
To investigate the effects of high-fat diet enriched with lard oil or soybean oil on liver endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation markers in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and estimate the influence of following low-fat diet feeding.Methods and Results
Male SD rats were fed with standard low-fat diet (LF, n = 10) and two isoenergentic high-fat diets enriched with lard (HL, n = 45) or soybean oil (HS, n = 45) respectively for 10 weeks. Then DIO rats from HL and HS were fed either high-fat diet continuously (HL/HL, HS/HS) or switched to low-fat diet (HL/LF, HS/LF) for another 8 weeks. Rats in control group were maintained with low-fat diet. Body fat, serum insulin level, HOMA-IR and ectopic lipid deposition in liver were increased in HL/HL and HS/HS compared to control, but increased to a greater extent in HL/HL compared to HS/HS. Markers of ER stress including PERK and CHOP protein expression and phosphorylation of eIF2α were significantly elevated in HL/HL group while phosphorylation of IRE1α and GRP78 protein expression were suppressed in both HL/HL and HS/HS. Besides, inflammatory signals (OPN, TLR2, TLR4 and TNF-α) expressions significantly increased in HL/HL compared to others. Switching to low-fat diet reduced liver fat deposition, HOMA-IR, mRNA expression of TLR4, TNF-α, PERK in both HL/LF and HS/LF, but only decreased protein expression of OPN, PERK and CHOP in HL/LF group. In addition, HL/LF and HS/LF exhibited decreased phosphorylation of eIF2α and increased phosphorylation of IRE1α and GRP78 protein expression when compared with HL/HL and HS/HS respectively.Conclusions
Lard oil was more deleterious in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis via promoting ER stress and inflammation responses in DIO rats, which may be attributed to the enrichment of saturated fatty acid. Low-fat diet was confirmed to be useful in recovering from impaired insulin sensitivity and liver fat deposition in this study. 相似文献42.
43.
44.
Cheng Yikang Zhang Hui Zang Runguo Wang Xixi Long Wenxing Wang Xu Xiong Menghui John Robert 《Plant and Soil》2020,449(1-2):51-63
Plant and Soil - Soil phosphorus is a key driver of plant biodiversity and aboveground biomass (AGB) in tropical forests. A plant community’s ability to exploit such limiting resources may be... 相似文献
45.
Wenjing Li Piotr Łączyński Hermes E. Escalona Jonas Eberle Lizhi Huo Xiaosheng Chen Weidong Huang Bingxu Chen Dirk Ahrens Adam Ślipiński Wioletta Tomaszewska Xingmin Wang 《Systematic Entomology》2020,45(2):447-463
Ladybirds of the cosmopolitan tribe Chilocorini prey mainly on coccids and include several important biocontrol agents. The phylogenetic relationships of Chilocorini are poorly known. In this paper, we provide a phylogenetic reconstruction of Chilocorini containing all 27 genera based on five molecular markers and 86 adult morphological characters. Morphological character states were mapped on the combined data tree from Bayesian inference to analyse morphological traits of each genus. Sixteen morphological characters were selected to reconstruct the ancestral states using maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods. Divergence times were estimated based on the relaxed molecular clock approach. Our results indicate that Chilocorini, excluding Chilocorellus Miyatake, is monophyletic and closely related to Plotinini. The crown group Chilocorini was estimated to date back to the Middle Cretaceous. Anisorcus Crotch, Egius Mulsant, Phaenochilus Weise and Simmondsius Ahmad & Ghani are synonymized here with Chilocorus Leach ( syn.n. ). The genus Chilocorellus is excluded from Chilocorini. The split of current genera was estimated to have occurred during the Middle Paleogene to Late Paleogene. 相似文献
46.
Yongjian Zang Dongxiao Hao He Wang Huadong Liu 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2020,38(15):4617-4624
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma 相似文献
47.
鼠李糖脂是一类重要的生物表面活性剂。相比于化学合成的表面活性剂,其具有更优秀的理化性质及环境友好等特点,被广泛应用于微生物采油、环境污染修复等工程中。目前,鼠李糖脂的工业生产主要采用铜绿假单胞菌这一具有致病性的天然合成菌株,与此同时,受菌株遗传背景的限制,优化发酵过程等方法在产量提升方面遇到了一些瓶颈问题。利用基因工程方法对菌株进行改良有望进一步提高鼠李糖脂生产的安全性、产量、产物性能等多项指标,因此受到了越来越广泛的关注。本文综述了近年来利用基因工程方法优化鼠李糖脂生物合成的最新进展,讨论了异源合成、代谢通路改造、基因表达优化、蛋白质工程、底盘工程等多种策略的应用,并展望了一系列可行的研究方向。 相似文献
48.
Ⅵ型分泌系统(T6SS)是细菌的一种毒力因子分泌系统,通过分泌蛋白参与调控细菌的环境适应性和毒力。副溶血弧菌具有两个T6SS系统(T6SS1和T6SS2)。[目的] 前期通过差异蛋白质组学技术筛选到副溶血弧菌T6SS1相关的分泌蛋白,本文选择其中的VPA1500为研究对象,研究其基因缺失对副溶血弧菌的生物学特性及致病性的影响。[方法] 利用同源重组技术构建缺失株ΔVPA1500和互补株CΔVPA1500;分析各菌株生长特性、在体外的细菌竞争能力、运动性、细菌鞭毛相关基因的转录水平及生物被膜形成能力的差异,比较各菌株对细胞毒性、小鼠毒力、动物组织载菌量以及组织病理学变化的影响。[结果] 与野生株相比,VPA1500基因缺失后不影响细菌的生长能力、生物被膜形成能力和群集运动,然而ΔVPA1500的浮泳运动能力显著下降;进一步通过透射电镜观察和实时定量PCR检测发现,VPA1500缺失影响副溶血弧菌鞭毛的形成;细菌竞争实验显示缺失VPA1500基因降低了副溶血弧菌野生株体外对大肠杆菌的杀伤能力;ΔVPA1500对细胞毒性、小鼠毒力以及在动物组织的定殖能力均显著低于野生株,互补株毒力基本恢复至野生株水平;组织病理学结果进一步表明,缺失VPA1500基因能够降低副溶血弧菌对小鼠组织的损伤。[结论] VPA1500参与副溶血弧菌的体外细菌竞争能力、浮游运动能力和致病性。 相似文献
49.
A model of coupled neural masses can generate seizure-like events and dynamics similar to those observed during interictal to ictal transitions and thus can be used for theoretical study of the control of epileptic seizures. In an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying epileptic seizures and how to avoid them, we added a control input to this model. Epileptic seizures are always accompanied by hypersynchronous firing of neurons, so research on synchronization among cortical areas is significant for seizure control. In this study, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify synchronization clusters composed of several neural masses. A method for calculating the synchronization cluster strength and participation rate is presented. The synchronization cluster strength can be used to identify synchronization clusters and the participation rate can be employed to identify neural masses that participate in the clusters. Each synchronization cluster is controlled as a whole using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. We illustrate these points using coupled neural mass models of synchronization to show their responses to increased (between node) coupling with and without control. Experiment results indicated that PID control can effectively regulate synchronization between neural masses and has the potential for seizure prevention. 相似文献
50.