First Report about Mineral Content,Fatty Acids Composition and Biological Activities of Four Wild Edible Mushrooms

The goal of this research was a comprehensive analysis of four wild edible mushroom species, Cantharellus cinereus, Clavariadelphus pistillaris, Clitocybe nebularis and Hygrocybe punicea, which have not been analyzed so far. Extracts of different polarities have been prepared and evaluated for their antioxidant activities by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, TRP and CUPRAC methods. For all extracts, total phenolic content was determined. Based on the analysis, it was shown that solvent type had a significant effect on the antioxidant capacities of mushroom extracts, so water extracts showed the highest activity. Furthermore, the analysis includes determination of mineral composition, fatty acid profiles and antimicrobial activity. Unsaturated fatty acids, which are very important for human health, are dominant in the studied mushroom species. Linoleic and oleic acid consist of over 50 % of the total fatty acid composition. Seventeen biologically important and toxic elements have been analyzed by ICP‐OES and ICP‐MS and results showed that the element concentrations were species‐dependent. Also, it has been found that analyzed mushrooms did not show any antimicrobial activity. Chemometric analysis was used to understand the connection between the extracts of different polarities.     

Comparative study of Ca2+ binding to lipoprotein(a) and low density lipoprotein by spin labeling

The effect of Ca2+ binding on the dynamic properties of various spin labeled fatty acids in lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) was studied in comparison with low density lipoprotein (LDL) isolated from human plasma. In contrast to LDL, binding of Ca2+ to Lp(a) induced broadening of the lines in the ESR spectra of the spin labeled stearic acids. In 1.6 M NaBr solutions the thermotropic change in the surface structure was observed in both lipoproteins at similar temperatures. Ten millimolar concentration of Ca2+ shifted the temperature of the thermotropic change in the surface structure of Lp(a) to considerably higher values. We conclude that Ca2+ binding to Lp(a) induces changes in the lipid structure of the particle surface.