Evidence of compliance with and effectiveness of guidelines for noninvasive prenatal testing in China: a retrospective study of 189,809 cases

In China,the medical guidelines recommend performing noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) with caution for pregnant women aged 35 years or older.However,the Mother and Child Health Care Law suggests that all primiparous women whose age is older than 35 years undergo prenatal diagnosis.These two inconsistent suggestions/recommendations have made obstetricians confused about whether to offer NIPT to these older pregnant women.To face this issue and find out the solution we performed a retrospective study of 189,809 NIPT samples collected from 28 provincial-leveled administrative units in China.Of 1,564women with high-risk pregnancies who underwent NIPT,459 (29.3%) did not participate in follow-up.The compound sensitivity and specificity of NIPT for trisomies 21,18 and 13 detection was 99.1%(95%CI,98.0%-99.6%) and 99.9%(95%CI,98.8%-99.9%),respectively.In secundiparous women,NIPT showed high sensitivity and specificity similar to that in primiparous women.The observed risk for trisomies 21 and 18 significantly increased when the maternal age was 39 and older.After the publication of the current NIPT policy,the follow-up rate at our center was 97.9%;however,a large number of women are not in maternal and infant care networks nationwide,and that makes the follow-up rate outside our center relatively low.Our study shows that to balance the prevention of major aneuploidies and the limited resources for prenatal diagnosis,the cut-off age of 35for invasive prenatal diagnosis might be unnecessary.Although the NIPT guidelines are well written,how to practice it effectively,especially in less industrialized areas,is worth discussing.     

Nanopore sequencing of African swine fever virus

正Dear Editor,African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most pathogenic viral diseases in pigs caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV). The fatality rate is almost 100%, which brings huge economic losses to the hog industry in countries with epi-     

芍药乙烯受体PlETR1基因过表达载体的构建及烟草转化

芍药是乙烯敏感型花卉,乙烯受体感知并传导乙烯信号,在乙烯信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。芍药PlETR1基因cDNA全长序列已分离,为了鉴定芍药PlETR1基因的功能,本研究基于PlETR1基因和表达载体序列,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计了一对特异性PCR引物,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出了PlETR1编码区片段,进一步构建了芍药PlETR1基因过表达载体。基于优化的模式植物烟草的组培体系和筛选出的潮霉素抗性浓度,应用农杆菌介导的叶盘法开展了芍药PlETR1基因转化烟草的研究,对转基因抗性烟草植株进行了PCR检测,结果表明HPT基因和芍药PlETR1基因已导入到烟草基因组中,且芍药PlETR1基因转录表达成功,为下一步鉴定芍药PlETR1基因的功能提供科学依据。     

二甲双胍调控糖尿病大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖和分化

虽然二甲双胍广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病,但是其对骨骼的潜在影响知之甚少。因此,本研究评估了二甲双胍对培养的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)和脂肪细胞两者的分化以及增殖的影响。首先随机组形成对照实验,其中对照组为在不经二甲双胍处理培养基中培养MSCs细胞21 d,而二甲双胍组则在用100μmol/L二甲双胍处理培养基中培养MSCs 21 d。结果表明,二甲双胍增强了大鼠MSCs的成骨细胞分化细胞中ALP的活性,抑制了培养中MSCs脂肪形成分化的过程,但是增强了MSCs细胞的增殖能力。     

不同病理分期肺腺癌患者血清代谢组学研究

肺癌是当今世界最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其新发率和死亡率多年来都居于各类癌症之首,其中85%的肺癌都是非小细胞癌,而腺癌又是最常见的非小细胞癌。肺癌的高隐匿性是造成其高死亡率的最主要原因,因此为肺癌的早期诊断和病理分期寻求高效可靠的方法是十分必要的。代谢组学揭示了小分子代谢物的一系列变化,反映了生命活动的最终状态,因此也能直接反映疾病不同发展阶段的病理生理变化。本研究利用核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR),对在我院就诊的27例不同病理分期的肺腺癌患者和13例健康志愿者进行了血清代谢物分析,运用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)对1H-NMR数据进行建模,单变量统计分析对模型进行评价。结果表明肺腺癌患者组的血清中有14种代谢物出现明显差异,其中丙酮酸、丙氨酸、NAC1、乳酸、GPC和甘氨酸比起对照组来有显著上升,而葡萄糖、谷氨酰胺、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、丙酮、乙酰乙酸和苏氨酸则显著下降。而在不同分期肺腺癌患者间进行比较后发现,异亮氨酸、乙酰乙酸、NAC1和乳酸的变化与肺腺癌的发展有相关性,可能是肺腺癌早期诊断和分期的潜在生物标志物。     

抑瘤素M受体对慢性自身免疫性荨麻疹发病机制的影响

本研究旨在探讨抑瘤素M受体(OSMR)在慢性自身免疫性荨麻疹(CAU)发病机制中的作用。本研究分别检测30例CAU患者及30名健康受试者的皮肤组织中OSMR、JAK和STAT3的表达,研究显示OSMR、JAK和STAT3在CAU患者皮肤组织中高表达(p<0.05)。转染OSMR-siRNA可显著降低CAU模型小鼠血清炎症因子IL-1、IL-6和IFN-γ水平,而转染JAK/STAT3信号通路激动剂Tyr705则可显著升高炎症因子水平(p<0.05)。转染OSMR-siRNA可显著降低CAU小鼠瘙痒次数、瘙痒时间和嗜酸性粒细胞计数,而转染Tyr705则可显著升高CAU小鼠瘙痒次数、瘙痒时间和嗜酸性粒细胞计数(p<0.05)。转染OSMR-siRNA促进了CAU小鼠上皮细胞的增殖能力,并抑制了细胞凋亡(p<0.05)。而转染Tyr705则抑制了CAU小鼠上皮细胞的增殖能力,并促进了细胞凋亡(p<0.05)。转染OSMR-siRNA下调了上皮细胞中OSMR、JAK和STAT3的表达,而转染Tyr705则上调了OSMR、JAK和STAT3的表达(p<0.05)。总之,本研究表明OSMR基因在CAU患者皮肤组织中高表达。OSMR基因沉默可通过抑制JAK/STAT3信号通路来抑制炎症因子表达及嗜酸性粒细胞数量,促进上皮细胞增殖并抑制细胞凋亡。     

Allotransplantation of adult spinal cord tissues after complete transected spinal cord injury: Long-term survival and functional recovery in canines

Science China Life Sciences - Spinal cord injury (SCI), especially complete transected SCI, leads to loss of cells and extracellular matrix and functional impairments. In a previous study, we...     

The use of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses from bats and pangolins to polarize mutations in SARS-Cov-2

正Dear Editor,The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has become a global pandemic.The SARS-CoV-2 genome has a similarity of 96.2%to that of RaTG13, a bat SARS-CoV-2-related coronavirus detected in Rhinolophus affinis (Paraskevis et al., 2020; Zhou et al.,2020). The SARS-CoV-2 genome also has 85.5%-92.4%     

Activation of the bitter taste sensor TRPM5 prevents high salt-induced cardiovascular dysfunction

Science China Life Sciences - High salt intake is a known risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Our recent study demonstrated that long-term high salt intake impairs transient receptor potential...     

Finite element analysis of trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference on optic nerve head biomechanics: the Beijing Intracranial and Intraocular Pressure Study

Science China Life Sciences - The present study aims to assess the potential difference of biomechanical response of the optic nerve head to the same level of trans-lamina cribrosa pressure...