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71.
72.
Hiroshi Abe Takeshi Shimoda Jun Ohnishi Soichi Kugimiya Mari Narusaka Shigemi Seo Yoshihiro Narusaka Shinya Tsuda Masatomo Kobayashi 《BMC plant biology》2009,9(1):1-12
Background
Worldwide, diseases are important reducers of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) yield. Sources of resistance against many diseases are available in cultivated peanut genotypes, although often not in farmer preferred varieties. Wild species generally harbor greater levels of resistance and even apparent immunity, although the linkage of agronomically un-adapted wild alleles with wild disease resistance genes is inevitable. Marker-assisted selection has the potential to facilitate the combination of both cultivated and wild resistance loci with agronomically adapted alleles. However, in peanut there is an almost complete lack of knowledge of the regions of the Arachis genome that control disease resistance.Results
In this work we identified candidate genome regions that control disease resistance. For this we placed candidate disease resistance genes and QTLs against late leaf spot disease on the genetic map of the A-genome of Arachis, which is based on microsatellite markers and legume anchor markers. These marker types are transferable within the genus Arachis and to other legumes respectively, enabling this map to be aligned to other Arachis maps and to maps of other legume crops including those with sequenced genomes. In total, 34 sequence-confirmed candidate disease resistance genes and five QTLs were mapped.Conclusion
Candidate genes and QTLs were distributed on all linkage groups except for the smallest, but the distribution was not even. Groupings of candidate genes and QTLs for late leaf spot resistance were apparent on the upper region of linkage group 4 and the lower region of linkage group 2, indicating that these regions are likely to control disease resistance. 相似文献73.
74.
To investigate the relationship between the salivary Sr and Ag concentrations and tooth conditions, saliva was collected from 521 primary school children in Kitakyushu. The salivary Sr and Ag levels were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The salivary Sr and Ag levels were 7.73 +/- 3.62 and 0.03 +/- 0.15 ng/ml, respectively, in the sound teeth group. No sex differences were noted in either element level, nor were there differences between the lower and upper grade groups. In the caries teeth group, the Sr and Ag levels were significantly higher than those in the sound teeth group. The Sr level was significantly increased by caries experience regardless caries being treated or untreated. In second to third grade children, in whom the fluoride experience rate was high, the Sr level tended to be lower than that in the other grades. The salivary Ag level increased as the number of teeth treated with silver alloy rose. These findings suggested that the salivary Sr level increases because of caries susceptibility, and F inhibits Sr dissolution from the teeth. The salivary Ag level varied depending on the type of dental filling and was dependent on the amount of silver alloy in children treated with low-fusing silver alloy. 相似文献
75.
Complete genome structure of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Yasukazu Nakamura Takakazu Kaneko Shusei Sato Masahiko Ikeuchi Hiroshi Katoh Shigemi Sasamoto Akiko Watanabe Mayumi Iriguchi Kumiko Kawashima Takaharu Kimura Yoshie Kishida Chiaki Kiyokawa Mitsuyo Kohara Midori Matsumoto Ai Matsuno Naomi Nakazaki Sayaka Shimpo Masako Sugimoto Chie Takeuchi Manabu Yamada Satoshi Tabata 《DNA research》2002,9(4):123-130
76.
Akemi Suzuki Shigemi Yoshioka Michiko Sekine Hiromichi Yonekawa Masaru Takenaka Reiji Kannagi 《Glycoconjugate journal》2003,20(3):151-156
The expression of glycan chains is precisely regulated in a time- and space-dependent manner. We summarize here our recent
work on the kidney tubular cell-specific regulation of core 2 β-1,6-GlcNAc transferase. Gsl5 gene was first identified by genetic analysis on the basis of polymorphic expression of kidney glycolipids among inbred strains
of mice and turned out to be a regulatory gene controlling the level of mRNA of kidney-specific core 2 β-1,6-GlcNAc transferase.
This kidney-specific core 2 GlcNAc transferase takes glycolipids having Galβ1-3GalNAc at their termini, Galβ1-3GalNAcα1- and
β1-oligosaccharide derivatives, and glycoproteins having core 1 structure, as substrates. Immunohistochemistry with anti-core
2-Le
x
monoclonal antibody demonstrated that vesicles located just below the microvillous membrane of proximal tubule cells were
clearly stained in a Gsl5-wild type mouse. Western blotting with the monoclonal antibody detected a major glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 500
kDa in the microsomal fraction of the wild type mouse kidney. In situ hybridization with anti-sense cDNA of kidney-specific core 2 GlcNAc transferase confirmed that Gsl5 gene controls the expression of the core 2 β-1,6-GlcNAc transferase mRNA in a proximal tubular cell-specific manner. The
5′ upstream sequences of the kidney-specific core 2 GlcNAc transferase gene in inbred and wild-derived strains of mice were
analyzed, and the phylogenetic analysis of these sequences suggests that functional Gsl5 gene might be produced by the time of subspeciation of M. musculus, about one million years ago. Published in 2004.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
77.
Characterization of aluminium-induced citrate secretion in aluminium-tolerant soybean (Glycine max) plants 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Zhen Ming Yang Hai Nian Mayandi Sivaguru Shigemi Tanakamaru Hideaki Matsumoto 《Physiologia plantarum》2001,113(1):64-71
Recently, we showed that secretion of citrate in an aluminium (Al) tolerant cultivar soybean (Glycine max) (cv. Suzunari) is a specific response to Al stress [Yang et al. (2000) Physiol Plant 110: 72–77]. Here we investigated the intrinsic mechanisms behind the secretion of citrate induced by Al. The amount of citrate secreted during the 24‐h Al treatment period increased with increasing concentration of Al (0–70 μM). We analysed citrate secretion basically under 3 conditions: (1) by varying light‐exposure, (2) with intact or excised shoots and (3) by using a divided chamber technique. Further, the content of organic acids in the tissue and the activity of enzymes involved in organic acid metabolism were analysed and evaluated. The results indicate that high rate of citrate secretion in soybean requires a 4‐h induction period. Al had a continuous effect on the citrate secretion when Al was removed from the treatment solution. Citrate secretion increased steadily under exposure to continuous light. However, when the shoots were excised the citrate secretion rate dropped to 3–6 times that of their control counterparts. Results of root manipulation experiments revealed that citrate secretion required the direct contact of Al. In other words, only the Al‐treated root portions secreted citrate. All these observations suggest that the shoots play a role in Al‐induced citrate secretion. Although shoots may not supply citrate for the secretion upon Al treatment, it seems that they may provide the carbon source and/or energy for citrate synthesis in the root. On the other hand, the root organic acid content (1‐cm apex) indicated that malate might contribute to citrate secretion by keeping the balance between citrate synthesis and release in the root apices. Quantification of enzymes involved in organic acid metabolism showed only a 16% increase in citrate synthase activity upon Al treatments (6 h) with no differences in other enzymes. Hence, we could not rule out completely the potential contribution of citrate from shoots and the results are discussed in the light of shoots contributing either energy or citrate itself for enhanced citrate secretion in the Al‐tolerant plant roots. 相似文献
78.
Programming of cell death during xylogenesis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hiroo Fukuda Yoriko Watanabe Hideo Kuriyama Shigemi Aoyagi Munetaka Sugiyama Ryo Yamamoto Taku Demura Atsushi Minami 《Journal of plant research》1998,111(2):253-256
Death of tracheary elements which compose vessels and tracheids is a typical example of programmed cell death in plants. Anin vitro system usingZinnia mesophyll cells which differentiate directly into tracheary elements has provided various types of data on the cell death
process. In this paper, we will summarize recent results obtained using theZinnia system and discuss the programming of cell death during tracheary element differentiation.
The extended abstract of a paper presented at the 13th International Symposium in Conjugation with Award of the International
Prize for Biology “Frontier of Plant Biology” 相似文献
79.
80.
Parvo-like virus, which was designated as “Ina-flacherie virus (Ina-FV),” was isolated from the silkworm, Bombyx mori, and the properties of its DNA were characterized. Purified Ina-FV had a diameter of 22 ± 0.5 nm and a sedimentation coefficient of 102 S. On density gradient separation in CsCl, particles were found at densities of 1.40 and 1.45 g/ml. The DNA content of Ina-FV was 28 ± 2%. The DNA in low-salt buffer possessed properties typical of a single-stranded (ss) molecule. Double-stranded (ds) DNA was extracted under conditions of appropriate high salt and elevated temperature. Electron microscopical examination revealed that the ds DNA was composed of linear molecules with an average length of 1.7 μm and other less well-defined structures. The linear ds molecule had a molecular weight of about 3.4 × 106 determined by electron microscopy (EM) and agarose gel electrophoresis. When the ds DNA was alkali-denatured and examined in an EM, linear ss molecules with approximate length of 1.7 μm were observed, indicating that the linear ds molecule was formed from the annealing of the linear ss molecules of unit length. These data suggest that Ina-FV is closely related to members of the densovirus subgroup. 相似文献