Immune-mediated interactions during macrophage development in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

As part of an investigation of mononuclear phagocytes in malignant lymphoma, measurement of immune-mediated erythrophagocytosis and rosette formation was carried out on cells grown in suspension culture at the monocyte (Day 0) and macrophage (Day 6) stages; the culture medium contained autologous serum. Cells were derived from 10 patients with untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and from 12 normal individuals. The results were subjected to Analysis of Variance and demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups with respect to erythrophagocytosis but not to rosette formation. In the NHL group, the proportion of erythrophagocytic cells showed no significant increase between the monocyte and macrophage stages (0.07 to 0.09), in contrast to the marked increase seen in the normal group (0.09 to 0.24). In a pilot investigation to examine the possible role of factors in the serum, cells derived from the NHL patients were cultured with serum from healthy donors; they showed no significant difference in the immune-mediated functions from those grown in autologous serum. Overall, the results provide further quantitative evidence of defective macrophage maturation in NHL, presumably reflecting the compromise of host defence mechanisms.     

Drosophila filamin encoded by the cheerio locus is a component of ovarian ring canals.

BACKGROUND: The ring canals in the ovary of the fruit fly Drosophila provide a versatile system in which to study the assembly and regulation of membrane-associated actin structures. Derived from arrested cleavage furrows, ring canals allow direct communication between cells. The robust inner rim of filamentous actin that attaches to the ring-canal plasma membrane contains cytoskeletal proteins encoded by the hu-li-tao shao (hts) and kelch genes, and is regulated by the Src64 and Tec29 tyrosine kinases. Female sterile cheerio mutants fail to recruit actin to ring canals, disrupting the flow of cytoplasm to oocytes. RESULTS: We have cloned cheerio and found that it encodes a member of the Filamin/ABP-280 family of actin-binding proteins, known to bind transmembrane proteins and crosslink actin filaments into parallel or orthogonal arrays. Antibodies to Drosophila Filamin revealed that Filamin is an abundant ring-canal protein and the first known component of both the outer and inner rims of the ring canal. The cheerio gene also encodes a new Filamin isoform that lacks the actin-binding domain. CONCLUSIONS: Localization of Filamin to nascent ring canals is necessary for the recruitment of actin filaments. We propose that Filamin links filamentous actin to the plasma membrane of the ring canal. Although loss of Filamin in human cells supports a role for Filamin in organizing orthogonal actin arrays at the cell cortex, the cheerio mutant provides the first evidence that Filamin is required in membrane-associated parallel actin bundles, such as those found in ring canals, contractile rings and stress fibers.     

Vitamin E and neurologic function in man

Despite the well-known detrimental effect of vitamin E deficiency on the nervous system of many experimental animal models for decades, only over the past decade has vitamin E become recognized as essential for the maintenance of the structure and function of the human nervous system. This discovery of the neurologic role of vitamin E in man is due primarily to the identification of a degenerative neurologic syndrome in children and adults with chronic vitamin E deficiency caused by gastrointestinal diseases impairing fat and vitamin E absorption. A compelling body of clinical, neuropathologic, and therapeutic response evidence conclusively demonstrates that vitamin E deficiency is responsible for the neurologic disorder seen in such patients. In addition, an inborn error in vitamin E metabolism, the Isolated Vitamin E Deficiency Syndrome, causes vitamin E deficiency and similar neurologic degeneration in the absence of fat malabsorption. Guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of vitamin E deficiency in relevant clinical circumstances are provided. The possible role of vitamin E in treating other neurologic diseases is discussed.     

窄带成像内镜、染色内镜及常规内镜模式诊断结直肠增生性病变的应用价值比较研究

目的:探讨窄带成像内镜(NBI)、染色内镜及常规内镜模式鉴别诊断非肿瘤性、肿瘤性结直肠增生性病变的应用价值。方法:选择2017年2月至2019年3月西安市中心医院消化科收治的结直肠增生性病变患者,均行NBI、染色内镜、常规内镜检查。比较三种模式图像清晰度以及鉴别诊断非肿瘤性、肿瘤性结直肠增生性病变的效能。结果:NBI、染色内镜模式图像质量评分分布优于常规内镜(P<0.05),NBI图像质量评分分布优于染色内镜模式(P<0.05)。以病理结果为准,常规内镜结直肠增生性病变检出率73.13%,NBI 91.04%,染色内镜96.26%,NBI、染色内镜结直肠增生性病变检出率高于常规内镜(P<0.05),NBI、染色内镜比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。NBI模式下检测NBI分型与病理组织学结果一致性较好(kappa值=0.801,P<0.05)。NBI、染色内镜诊断肿瘤性结直肠增生性病变的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度均明显高于常规内镜,染色内镜、NBI、常规内镜诊断肿瘤性结直肠增生性病变的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.844(95%CI:0.812~0.956)、0.921(95%CI:0.860~0.982)、0.750(95%CI:0.651~0.848)。结论:NBI、染色内镜在鉴别非肿瘤性和肿瘤性结直肠增生性病变方面效能相似,均优于常规内镜,NBI分型与病理组织学结果一致性高,更适合结直肠增生性病变的鉴别诊断。     

Lipid molecular timeline profiling reveals diurnal crosstalk between the liver and circulation

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Creation of a polyenzyme composition of proteases from Streptomyces griseus and Acremonium chrysogenum

Proteolytic enzymes of microorganisms have been studied for the possibility to create their polyenzymic composition in order to rise a degree of protein hydrolysis and to lower the process duration. Optimal action conditions are selected and a hydrolysis of a number of globular and fibrillar proteins is conducted by a polyenzymic system of Streptomyces griseus and Acremonium chrysogenum proteases.