全文获取类型
收费全文 | 81篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 1篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 2篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 5篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有94条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
Background
The statistical modeling of biomedical corpora could yield integrated, coarse-to-fine views of biological phenomena that complement discoveries made from analysis of molecular sequence and profiling data. Here, the potential of such modeling is demonstrated by examining the 5,225 free-text items in the Caenorhabditis Genetic Center (CGC) Bibliography using techniques from statistical information retrieval. Items in the CGC biomedical text corpus were modeled using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model. LDA is a hierarchical Bayesian model which represents a document as a random mixture over latent topics; each topic is characterized by a distribution over words. 相似文献33.
Background
The shape of phylogenetic trees has been used to make inferences about the evolutionary process by comparing the shapes of actual phylogenies with those expected under simple models of the speciation process. Previous studies have focused on speciation events, but gene duplication is another lineage splitting event, analogous to speciation, and gene loss or deletion is analogous to extinction. Measures of the shape of gene family phylogenies can thus be used to investigate the processes of gene duplication and loss. We make the first systematic attempt to use tree shape to study gene duplication using human gene phylogenies. 相似文献34.
Disruption of the kappa-opioid receptor gene in mice enhances sensitivity to chemical visceral pain, impairs pharmacological actions of the selective kappa-agonist U-50,488H and attenuates morphine withdrawal. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
F Simonin O Valverde C Smadja S Slowe I Kitchen A Dierich M Le Meur B P Roques R Maldonado B L Kieffer 《The EMBO journal》1998,17(4):886-897
***micro***-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors are widely expressed in the central nervous system where they mediate the strong analgesic and mood-altering actions of opioids, and modulate numerous endogenous functions. To investigate the contribution of the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) to opioid function in vivo, we have generated KOR-deficient mice by gene targeting. We show that absence of KOR does not modify expression of the other components of the opioid system, and behavioural tests indicate that spontaneous activity is not altered in mutant mice. The analysis of responses to various nociceptive stimuli suggests that the KOR gene product is implicated in the perception of visceral chemical pain. We further demonstrate that KOR is critical to mediate the hypolocomotor, analgesic and aversive actions of the prototypic kappa-agonist U-50, 488H. Finally, our results indicate that this receptor does not contribute to morphine analgesia and reward, but participates in the expression of morphine abstinence. Together, our data demonstrate that the KOR-encoded receptor plays a modulatory role in specific aspects of opioid function. 相似文献
35.
Jimmy?SélambaromEmail author Jacqueline?Smadja Olivier?Thomas Isabelle?Parrot Jean?Martinez André?A.?Pavia 《International journal of peptide research and therapeutics》2005,11(4):267-270
In view of the synthetic and biological interest of pseudoproline (ΨR,RPro)-containing peptides, we have investigated a new strategy to these target compounds, taking into account the existence
of the well-known ring–chain tautomerism occurring in the NH-free pseudoproline unit. Indeed, the NH-free oxaprolines derived from β-hyroxyamino acid (Ser, Thr) are rarely isolable in contrast to the cysteine-derived thiaproline.
The strategy developed herein is based on the use of 2:3 adducts (amino acid–formaldehyde) resulting from the condensation
of amino acids (Ser, Thr, Cys) with paraformaldehyde. The latter may exist as an equilibrium mixture of 1,4-diaza-3,9-dioxabicyclo[4.4.1]undecane
(2) and isomeric N,N-methylenebis (oxazolidine) or -(thiazolidine) (3). Coupling these 2:3 adducts with a C-activated amino acid using conventional procedure afforded C2-unsubstituted pseudoproline
(ΨH,HPro)-containing dipeptides. This strategy was applied to both oxa- and thiaprolines. Such result clearly established the usefulness
of these 2:3 adducts in peptide synthesis as they allow to trap the non isolable NH-free oxaprolines. The isomerization process 2
3 appeared to play a major role in this procedure, as illustrated by the peculiar case of the serine-derived 2:3 adduct 2a where no coupling occurred. 相似文献
36.
Our study addressed reproductive character displacement between two subspecies of the house mouse, Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus that hybridize in Europe along a zone where selection against hybridization is known to occur. Based on a multi-population approach, we investigated spatial patterns of divergence of mate preference in the two taxa. Mate preference was significantly higher in the contact zone than in allopatry in both subspecies, suggesting that reproductive character displacement occurs. Moreover, patterns of preference were stronger in M. m. musculus than in M. m. domesticus, indicating an asymmetrical divergence between the two. In the context of selection against hybridization, our results may provide empirical support for the hypothesis of reinforcement in a parapatric hybrid zone. We discuss factors that could explain the asymmetrical pattern of divergence and the possible impact of a unimodal structure on the maintenance of premating divergence between the two subspecies. 相似文献
37.
Brian?DM?TomEmail author Walter?R?Gilks Elizabeth?T?Brooke-Powell James?W?Ajioka 《BMC bioinformatics》2005,6(1):234
Background
A common feature of microarray experiments is the occurence of missing gene expression data. These missing values occur for a variety of reasons, in particular, because of the filtering of poor quality spots and the removal of undefined values when a logarithmic transformation is applied to negative background-corrected intensities. The efficiency and power of an analysis performed can be substantially reduced by having an incomplete matrix of gene intensities. Additionally, most statistical methods require a complete intensity matrix. Furthermore, biases may be introduced into analyses through missing information on some genes. Thus methods for appropriately replacing (imputing) missing data and/or weighting poor quality spots are required. 相似文献38.
Background
The taxonomic name of an organism is a key link between different databases that store information on that organism. However, in the absence of a single, comprehensive database of organism names, individual databases lack an easy means of checking the correctness of a name. Furthermore, the same organism may have more than one name, and the same name may apply to more than one organism. 相似文献39.
SMM?VerstappenEmail author AR?Poole M?Ionescu LE?King M?Abrahamowicz DM?Hofman JWJ?Bijlsma FPJG?Lafeber the Utrecht Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort Study group 《Arthritis research & therapy》2005,8(1):R31
Introduction
The objective of this study was to determine whether serum biomarkers for degradation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix of cartilage are associated with, and can predict, radiographic damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). 相似文献40.