全文获取类型
收费全文 | 301篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 17篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 21篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 37篇 |
2011年 | 29篇 |
2010年 | 24篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 13篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 1篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有314条查询结果,搜索用时 515 毫秒
101.
102.
M. Suzana A. Mohd Lutfi A. Abdul Hadi M. N. Devakie M. N. Siti Azizah 《Biological invasions》2011,13(8):1893-1900
Genetic diversities in two cultured oyster species, Crassostrea iredalei (Faustino 1932) and Crassostrea belcheri (Sowerby 1871) were assessed using a 581-nucleotide fragment of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene. A total
of 103 C. iredalei individuals and 120 C. belcheri from 12 populations were sampled along the coast of Malaysia. Trees of unique haplotype samples generated based on Neighbor-Joining
(NJ) algorithm revealed that many individuals had been misidentified and did not cluster with their presumed species based
on morphological identification. BLAST results of DNA sequences showed presence of previously unreported C. madrasensis in Peninsular Malaysian waters (98% maximum identity). The true identity of the Muar (Crassostrea sp.) and Semporna (Saccostrea sp.) populations were unresolved by two BLAST search and showed less than 88% identity with other species in GenBank. Repeated
analysis of these two populations using 487 bp of the mitochondrial 16S gene data showed only a maximum identity less than
97%. Hence, the identity of these specimens remains unclear. Evolutionary divergences within presumed species were 0.001–0.011
and 0.034–0.313 between species. Findings from this study have important implications for aquaculture, management and monitoring
of cultured populations as well as conservation of wild oyster species in Malaysia. 相似文献
103.
Lee KS Divis PC Zakaria SK Matusop A Julin RA Conway DJ Cox-Singh J Singh B 《PLoS pathogens》2011,7(4):e1002015
Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite originally thought to be restricted to macaques in Southeast Asia, has recently been recognized as a significant cause of human malaria. Unlike the benign and morphologically similar P. malariae, these parasites can lead to fatal infections. Malaria parasites, including P. knowlesi, have not yet been detected in macaques of the Kapit Division of Malaysian Borneo, where the majority of human knowlesi malaria cases have been reported. In order to extend our understanding of the epidemiology and evolutionary history of P. knowlesi, we examined 108 wild macaques for malaria parasites and sequenced the circumsporozoite protein (csp) gene and mitochondrial (mt) DNA of P. knowlesi isolates derived from macaques and humans. We detected five species of Plasmodium (P. knowlesi, P. inui, P. cynomolgi, P. fieldi and P. coatneyi) in the long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, and an extremely high prevalence of P. inui and P. knowlesi. Macaques had a higher number of P. knowlesi genotypes per infection than humans, and some diverse alleles of the P. knowlesi csp gene and certain mtDNA haplotypes were shared between both hosts. Analyses of DNA sequence data indicate that there are no mtDNA lineages associated exclusively with either host. Furthermore, our analyses of the mtDNA data reveal that P. knowlesi is derived from an ancestral parasite population that existed prior to human settlement in Southeast Asia, and underwent significant population expansion approximately 30,000-40,000 years ago. Our results indicate that human infections with P. knowlesi are not newly emergent in Southeast Asia and that knowlesi malaria is primarily a zoonosis with wild macaques as the reservoir hosts. However, ongoing ecological changes resulting from deforestation, with an associated increase in the human population, could enable this pathogenic species of Plasmodium to switch to humans as the preferred host. 相似文献
104.
Darlina MN Masazurah AR Jayasankar P Jamsari AF Siti AM 《Genetics and molecular research : GMR》2011,10(3):2078-2092
Mackerel (Scombridae; Rastrelliger) are small commercially important pelagic fish found in tropical regions. They serve as a cheap source of animal protein and are commonly used as live bait. By using a truss morphometrics protocol and RAPD analysis, we examined morphological and genetic variation among 77 individual mackerel that were caught using long lines and gillnets at 11 locations along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Nineteen morphometric traits were evaluated and genetic information was estimated using five 10-base RAPD random primers. Total DNA was extracted from muscle tissue. Morphometric discriminant function analysis revealed that two morphologically distinct groups of Rastrelliger kanagurta and a single group of R. brachysoma can be found along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. We also found that the head-related characters and those from the anterior part of the body of Rastrelliger spp significantly contribute to stock assessment of this population. RAPD analysis showed a trend similar to that of the morphometric analysis, suggesting a genetic component to the observed phenotypic differentiation. These data will be useful for developing conservation strategies for these species. 相似文献
105.
Ashkani S Rafii MY Sariah M Siti Nor Akmar A Rusli I Abdul Rahim H Latif MA 《Genetics and molecular research : GMR》2011,10(3):1345-1355
Among 120 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, 23 polymorphic markers were used to identify the segregation ratio in 320 individuals of an F(2) rice population derived from Pongsu Seribu 2, a resistant variety, and Mahsuri, a susceptible rice cultivar. For phenotypic study, the most virulent blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) pathotype, P7.2, was used in screening of F(2) population in order to understand the inheritance of blast resistance as well as linkage with SSR markers. Only 11 markers showed a good fit to the expected segregation ratio (1:2:1) for the single gene model (d.f. = 1.0, P < 0.05) in chi-square (χ(2)) analyses. In the phenotypic data analysis, the F(2) population segregated in a 3:1 (R:S) ratio for resistant and susceptible plants, respectively. Therefore, resistance to blast pathotype P7.2 in Pongsu Seribu 2 is most likely controlled by a single nuclear gene. The plants from F(2) lines that showed resistance to blast pathotype P7.2 were linked to six alleles of SSR markers, RM168 (116 bp), RM8225 (221 bp), RM1233 (175 bp), RM6836 (240 bp), RM5961 (129 bp), and RM413 (79 bp). These diagnostic markers could be used in marker assisted selection programs to develop a durable blast resistant variety. 相似文献
106.
Adebiyi FA Siraj SS Harmin SA Christianus A 《Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological genetics and physiology》2011,315(9):536-543
Hemibagrus nemurus is a riverine catfish with high economic and nutritive values. Investigations on ovarian development of this fish were carried out to determine the mode of ovarian development and describe the oocyte developmental stages. Histological studies were done on ovaries using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Fish were sampled monthly for a period of six months (August 2009 to January 2010). The mean oocyte diameter (OD) ranged from 871 ± 161.41 μm to 1,167 ± 26.77 μm and the highest OD was in November. Oocyte size-frequency distribution showed a polymodal distribution. The mean gonadosomatic index (GSI) ranged from 1.14 ± 0.87% to 7.06 ± 1.40% and highest GSI was in November. The ovaries exhibited three phases of oocyte growth, which were primary growth, secondary growth and maturation phases. Based on histological criteria, the oocyte developmental stages were divided into seven stages as chromatin nucleolar, early perinucleolar, late perinucleolar, cortical alveolar, vitellogenesis, mature oocyte and germinal vesicle migration stages. All the seven stages of oocyte development were observed in the ovaries. Oogonia were always present throughout the developmental stages. The ovaries had more than two stages of oocyte development. This is the first report on the mode of ovarian development of H. nemurus. These findings indicated that H. nemurus has asynchronous mode of ovarian development and is capable of spawning several times in a year under favourable conditions. 相似文献
107.
GM-CSF is mostly known for its capacity to promote bone marrow progenitor differentiation, to mobilize and mature myeloid cells as well as to enhance host immune responses. However the molecular actions of GM-CSF are still poorly characterized. Here we describe a new surprising facet of this "old" growth factor as a key regulator involved in IL-1β secretion. We found that IL-1β release, a pivotal component of the triggered innate system, is heavily dependent on the signaling induced by GM-CSF in such an extent that in its absence IL-1β is only weakly secreted. GM-CSF synergizes with LPS for IL-1β secretion mainly at the level of pro-IL-1β production via strengthening the NF-κB signaling. In addition, we show that expression of Rab39a, a GTPase required for caspase-1 dependent IL-1β secretion is greatly augmented by LPS and GM-CSF co-stimulation suggesting a potential GM-CSF contribution in enhancing IL-1β exocytosis. The role of GM-CSF in regulating IL-1β secretion is extended also in vivo, since GM-CSF R-/- mice are more resistant to LPS-mediated septic shock. These results identify GM-CSF as a key regulator of IL-1β production and indicate GM-CSF as a previously underestimated target for therapeutic intervention. 相似文献
108.
Tengku Shahrul Anuar Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani Siti Nor Azreen Fatmah Md Salleh Nuraffini Ghazali Mekadina Bernadus Norhayati Moktar 《The Korean journal of parasitology》2013,51(2):231-236
The present study was conducted to investigate the clinical outcomes of Entamoeba histolytica infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic Orang Asli (aborigine) communities in Malaysia. Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in 3 different states using formalin-ether concentration, trichrome staining, and single-round PCR techniques. Out of 500 stool samples, single infection of E. histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii was identified in 3.2%, 13.4%, and 1%, respectively. In addition, 10 samples had mixed infections with E. histolytica and E. dispar. Six samples containing E. dispar were also positive for E. moshkovskii, and only 2 samples had E. histolytica in association with E. dispar and E. moshkovskii. Seventeen E. histolytica-positive samples were from symptomatic subjects, whereas the remaining 11 samples came from asymptomatic subjects. These findings suggest a predominant distribution of pathogenic potential of E. histolytica strains in this community. Therefore, further studies on genotyping of E. histolytica is required, to find out association between E. histolytica genotype and the outcome of the infection. 相似文献
109.
Norsharina Ismail Maznah Ismail Musalmah Mazlan Latiffah Abdul Latiff Mustapha Umar Imam Shahid Iqbal Nur Hanisah Azmi Siti Aisyah Abd Ghafar Kim Wei Chan 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2013,33(8):1159-1169
Thymoquinone (TQ), a bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa Linn (N. sativa) has demonstrated several neuropharmacological attributes. In the present study, the neuroprotective properties of TQ were investigated by studying its anti-apoptotic potential to diminish β-amyloid peptide 1–40 sequence (Aβ1–40)-induced neuronal cell death in primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). The effects of TQ against Aβ1–40-induced neurotoxicity, morphological damages, DNA condensation, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and caspase-3, -8, and -9 activation were investigated. Pretreatment of CGNs with TQ (0.1 and 1 μM) and subsequent exposure to 10 μM Aβ1–40 protected the CGNs against the neurotoxic effects of the latter. In addition, the CGNs were better preserved with intact cell bodies, extensive neurite networks, a loss of condensed chromatin and less free radical generation than those exposed to Aβ1–40 alone. TQ pretreatment inhibited Aβ1–40-induced apoptosis of CGNs via both extrinsic and intrinsic caspase pathways. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that TQ may prevent neurotoxicity and Aβ1–40-induced apoptosis. TQ is, therefore, worth studying further for its potential to reduce the risks of developing Alzheimer’s disease. 相似文献
110.
Siti Nurfadilah Nigel D. Swarts Kingsley W. Dixon Hans Lambers David J. Merritt 《Annals of botany》2013,111(6):1233-1241