全文获取类型
收费全文 | 14737篇 |
免费 | 1448篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 76篇 |
2021年 | 365篇 |
2020年 | 172篇 |
2019年 | 274篇 |
2018年 | 300篇 |
2017年 | 283篇 |
2016年 | 423篇 |
2015年 | 758篇 |
2014年 | 777篇 |
2013年 | 981篇 |
2012年 | 1172篇 |
2011年 | 1143篇 |
2010年 | 712篇 |
2009年 | 617篇 |
2008年 | 820篇 |
2007年 | 872篇 |
2006年 | 738篇 |
2005年 | 694篇 |
2004年 | 689篇 |
2003年 | 550篇 |
2002年 | 560篇 |
2001年 | 220篇 |
2000年 | 219篇 |
1999年 | 177篇 |
1998年 | 166篇 |
1997年 | 117篇 |
1996年 | 118篇 |
1995年 | 115篇 |
1994年 | 96篇 |
1993年 | 102篇 |
1992年 | 132篇 |
1991年 | 111篇 |
1990年 | 111篇 |
1989年 | 102篇 |
1988年 | 100篇 |
1987年 | 86篇 |
1986年 | 88篇 |
1985年 | 109篇 |
1984年 | 81篇 |
1983年 | 71篇 |
1982年 | 79篇 |
1981年 | 51篇 |
1980年 | 55篇 |
1979年 | 64篇 |
1978年 | 45篇 |
1977年 | 63篇 |
1976年 | 46篇 |
1975年 | 47篇 |
1974年 | 53篇 |
1973年 | 62篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
991.
Llorente B Durrens P Malpertuy A Aigle M Artiguenave F Blandin G Bolotin-Fukuhara M Bon E Brottier P Casaregola S Dujon B de Montigny J Lépingle A Neuvéglise C Ozier-Kalogeropoulos O Potier S Saurin W Tekaia F Toffano-Nioche C Wésolowski-Louvel M Wincker P Weissenbach J Souciet J Gaillardin C 《FEBS letters》2000,487(1):122-133
We have evaluated the degree of gene redundancy in the nuclear genomes of 13 hemiascomycetous yeast species. Saccharomyces cerevisiae singletons and gene families appear generally conserved in these species as singletons and families of similar size, respectively. Variations of the number of homologues with respect to that expected affect from 7 to less than 24% of each genome. Since S. cerevisiae homologues represent the majority of the genes identified in the genomes studied, the overall degree of gene redundancy seems conserved across all species. This is best explained by a dynamic equilibrium resulting from numerous events of gene duplication and deletion rather than by a massive duplication event occurring in some lineages and not in others. 相似文献
992.
993.
994.
MOTIVATION: Protein sequences found in databanks usually do not report post translational covalent modifications such as the oxidation state of cystein (Cys) residues. Accurate prediction of whether a functionally or structurally important Cys occurs in the oxidized or thiol form would be helpful for molecular biology experiments and structure prediction. RESULTS: A new method is presented for predicting the oxidation state of Cys residues based on multiple sequence alignments and on the observation that Cys tends to occur in the same oxidation state within the same protein. The prediction of the redox state of Cys performs above 82%. The oxidation state of Cys correlates with the cellular location of the given protein within the cell, but the correlation is not perfect (up to 70%). We also perform a statistical analysis of the different redox states of Cys found in secondary structures and buried positions, and of the secondary structures linked by disulfide bonds. The results suggest that the natural borderline lies between the different oxidation states of Cys rather than between the half cystines and cysteins. AVAILABILITY: A web server implementing the prediction method is available at http://guitar.rockefeller.edu/approximately andras/cyspred.html CONTACT: fisera@rockefeller.edu 相似文献
995.
L. M. Simon M. Kotormn K. Marczi K. Lszl 《Journal of Molecular Catalysis .B, Enzymatic》2000,10(6):213
The bovine trypsin-catalysed synthesis of N-acetyl-
-arginine ethyl ester from N-acetyl-
-arginine and ethanol was studied in various organic solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane and n-hexane). The highest yield was achieved in acetonitrile after incubation for 6 or 24 h. The optimal conditions for ester synthesis in acetonitrile for 6 h were as follows: 5.0 mM N-acetyl-
-arginine, 10.0 M ethanol, 7.2 mg trypsin, 2.87% water, total volume 10.3 ml, pH 7.0 and 30°C. The hydrolytic activity of trypsin was determined after incubation for 6 days, when 87.7% of the original activity remained, suggesting that acetonitrile caused little inactivation of the enzyme. The synthetic reaction resulted in a maximal 79.3% conversion under optimized conditions after incubation for 48 h. 相似文献
996.
Interactions between receptor tyrosine kinases of the Eph family and their ligands, ephrins, are implicated in establishment of organ boundaries and repulsive guidance of cell migration during development, but the mechanisms by which this is achieved are unclear. Here we show that activation of endogenous EphA2 kinase induces an inactive conformation of integrins and inhibits cell spreading, migration and integrin-mediated adhesion. Moreover, EphA2 is constitutively associated with focal-adhesion kinase (FAK) in resting cells. Within one minute after stimulation of EphA2 with its ligand, ephrin-A1, the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is recruited to EphA2; this is followed by dephosphorylation of FAK and paxillin, and dissociation of the FAK-EphA2 complex. We conclude that Eph kinases mediate some of their functions by negatively regulating integrins and FAK. 相似文献
997.
He W Lu L Zhang X El-Hodiri HM Chen CK Slep KC Simon MI Jamrich M Wensel TG 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2000,275(47):37093-37100
RGS (regulators of G protein signaling) proteins regulate G protein signaling by accelerating GTP hydrolysis, but little is known about regulation of GTPase-accelerating protein (GAP) activities or roles of domains and subunits outside the catalytic cores. RGS9-1 is the GAP required for rapid recovery of light responses in vertebrate photoreceptors and the only mammalian RGS protein with a defined physiological function. It belongs to an RGS subfamily whose members have multiple domains, including G(gamma)-like domains that bind G(beta)(5) proteins. Members of this subfamily play important roles in neuronal signaling. Within the GAP complex organized around the RGS domain of RGS9-1, we have identified a functional role for the G(gamma)-like-G(beta)(5L) complex in regulation of GAP activity by an effector subunit, cGMP phosphodiesterase gamma and in protein folding and stability of RGS9-1. The C-terminal domain of RGS9-1 also plays a major role in conferring effector stimulation. The sequence of the RGS domain determines whether the sign of the effector effect will be positive or negative. These roles were observed in vitro using full-length proteins or fragments for RGS9-1, RGS7, G(beta)(5S), and G(beta)(5L). The dependence of RGS9-1 on G(beta)(5) co-expression for folding, stability, and function has been confirmed in vivo using transgenic Xenopus laevis. These results reveal how multiple domains and regulatory polypeptides work together to fine tune G(talpha) inactivation. 相似文献
998.
GP73, a novel Golgi-localized protein upregulated by viral infection 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Kladney RD Bulla GA Guo L Mason AL Tollefson AE Simon DJ Koutoubi Z Fimmel CJ 《Gene》2000,249(1-2):53-65
999.
Bhattacharya D Lutzoni F Reeb V Simon D Nason J Fernandez F 《Molecular biology and evolution》2000,17(12):1971-1984
Spliceosomal (pre-mRNA) introns have previously been found in eukaryotic protein-coding genes, in the small nuclear RNAs of some fungi, and in the small- and large-subunit ribosomal DNA genes of a limited number of ascomycetes. How the majority of these introns originate remains an open question because few proven cases of recent and pervasive intron origin have been documented. We report here the widespread occurrence of spliceosomal introns (69 introns at 27 different sites) in the small- and large-subunit nuclear-encoded rDNA of lichen-forming and free-living members of the Ascomycota. Our analyses suggest that these spliceosomal introns are of relatively recent origin, i.e., within the Euascomycetes, and have arisen through aberrant reverse-splicing (in trans) of free pre-mRNA introns into rRNAs. The spliceosome itself, and not an external agent (e.g., transposable elements, group II introns), may have given rise to these introns. A nonrandom sequence pattern was found at sites flanking the rRNA spliceosomal introns. This pattern (AG-intron-G) closely resembles the proto-splice site (MAG-intron-R) postulated for intron insertions in pre-mRNA genes. The clustered positions of spliceosomal introns on secondary structures suggest that particular rRNA regions are preferred sites for insertion through reverse-splicing. 相似文献
1000.
A novel diacyl glycerol-based lipid with a polyphenolic head group has been synthesized and characterized. X-ray diffraction experiments show that this lipid, 1,2-dipalmitoylgalloylglycerol (DPGG), hydrates to form gel phase bilayers at 20 degrees C with extremely narrow interbilayer fluid separations, indicating that apposing DPGG bilayers strongly adhere to each other. Differential scanning calorimetry shows that fully hydrated DPGG exhibits a pretransition exotherm (3.7 kcal/mol) at 52 degrees C and a high enthalpy (11.3 kcal/mol) main endothermic transition at 69 degrees C. These thermal properties are similar to those of galactosylceramides with similar hydrocarbon chain compositions. The adhesive and thermal properties of DPGG are likely due to both intermolecular hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions between the aromatic rings on the gallic acids. 相似文献