Synthesis and incorporation of [6,7]-selenatryptophan into dihydrofolate reductase

Until recently, the only selenium containing amino acid which could be used to completely substitute for a wild type amino acid was selenomethionine (SeMet). In the last decade the preparation of SeMet containing proteins has proved to be valuable tools in the determination of three-dimensional structure by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) techniques. The potential utility of a selenium containing tryptophan analog, beta-seleno[3,2-b]pyrrolyl-L-alanine ([4,5]selenatryptophan), has recently been demonstrated in the literature. This finding shows promise for the bioincorporation of its positional isomer, beta-selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrolyl-L-alanine ([6,7]selenatryptophan), thereby adding to the essential arsenal of selenium-containing amino acids for use in the characterization of proteins. The synthesis of [6,7]selenatryptophan by enzymatic biotransformation with tryptophan synthase from selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrole was carried out as well as its characterization by NMR spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography. Selenatryptophyl dihydrofolate reductase ([6,7]SeTrp-DHFR) was then synthesized in vivo, purified, and found to exhibit no perturbations to enzymatic activity.     

厦门市海岸带水污染负荷估算及预测

综合采用灰色模型、曲线回归等预测方法,建立了基于厦门市海岸带特征的主要污染源水污染负荷估算及预测模型,并采用厦门市历年统计数据对模型加以验证.对厦门市近岸海域近10年的废水和主要污染物质排放量估算的结果表明:万元产值工业废水排放量呈逐年下降的趋势,而各污染物的排放总量却逐年缓慢增长;在点源污水排放总量预测中,约76%的氮、磷来自于生活污水;在非点源污染负荷中,农业非点源中的氮、磷负荷占较大比例,城市非点源污染负荷比例最小.2005年厦门海岸带各污染源产生的氮污染负荷大小比较结果为:生活污染源>农业非点源>工业污染源>旅游业污染源>城市非点源,磷污染负荷则为:农业非点源>生活污染源>工业污染源>旅游业污染源>城市非点源.