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61.
Differentiation-associated modulation of heparan sulfate structure and function in CaCo-2 colon carcinoma cells 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Salmivirta M; Safaiyan F; Prydz K; Andresen MS; Aryan M; Kolset SO 《Glycobiology》1998,8(10):1029-1036
Heparan sulfate species expressed by different cell and tissue types differ
in their structural and functional properties. Limited information is
available on differences in regulation of heparan sulfate biosynthesis
within a single tissue or cell population under different conditions. We
have approached this question by studying the effect of cell
differentiation on the biosynthesis and function of heparan sulfate in
human colon carcinoma cells (CaCo-2). These cells undergo spontaneous
differentiation in culture when grown on semipermeable supports; the
differentiated cells show phenotypic similarity to small intestine
enterocytes. Metabolically labeled heparan sulfate was isolated from the
apical and basolateral media from cultures of differentiated and
undifferentiated cells. Compositional analysis of disaccharides, derived
from the contiguous N-sulfated regions of heparan sulfate, indicated a
greater proportion of 2-O- sulfated iduronic acid units and a smaller
amount of 6-O-sulfated glucosamine units in differentiated than in
undifferentiated cells. By contrast, the overall degree of sulfation, the
chain length and the size distribution of the N-acetylated regions were
similar regardless the differentiation status of the cells. The structural
changes were found to affect the binding of heparan sulfate to the long
isoform of platelet-derived growth factor A chain but not to fibroblast
growth factor 2. These findings show that heparan sulfate structures change
during cell differentiation and that heparan sulfate-growth factor
interactions may be affected by such changes.
相似文献
62.
Serglycin is the major proteoglycan in most hematopoietic cells, including
monocytes and macrophages. The monoblastic cell line U937-1 was used to
study the expression of serglycin during proliferation and differentiation.
In unstimulated proliferating U937-1 cells serglycin mRNA is
nonconstitutively expressed. The level of serglycin mRNA was found to
correlate with the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG).
The U937-1 cells were induced to differentiate into different types of
macrophage-like cells by exposing the cells to PMA, RA, or VitD3. These
inducers of differentiation affected the expression of serglycin mRNA in
three different ways. The initial upregulation seen in the normally
proliferating cells was not observed in PMA treated cells. In contrast, RA
increased the initial upregulation, giving a reproducible six times
increase in serglycin mRNA level from 4 to 24 h of incubation, compared to
a four times increase in the control cells. VitD3 had no effect on the
expression of serglycin mRNA. The incorporation of (35S)sulfate into CSPG
decreased approximately 50% in all three differentiated cell types.
Further, the (35S)CSPGs expressed were of larger size in PMA treated cells
than controls, but smaller after RA treatment. This was due to the
expression of CSPGs, with CS-chains of 25 and 5 kDa in PMA and RA treated
cells, respectively, compared to 11 kDa in the controls. VitD3 had no
significant effect on the size of CSPG produced. PMA treated cells secreted
75% of the (35S)PGs expressed, but the major portion was retained in cells
treated with VitD3 or RA. The differences seen in serglycin mRNA levels,
the macromolecular properties of serglycin and in the PG secretion
patterns, suggest that serglycin may have different functions in different
types of macrophages.
相似文献
63.
采用人胎肝细胞原代培养方法,观察儿茶酚胺和凝血酶对肝细胞富组氨酸糖蛋白(HRG)分泌的影响。结果表明:抗原测定和生物活性检测,均证明细胞能分泌HRG;而肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、异丙肾上腺素以及凝血酶则对肝细胞白蛋白分泌无明显影响,但它们均能刺激肝细胞分泌HRG。肾上腺素与心得安联用,虽仍然刺激肝细胞分泌HRG,但其作用远较单独使用肾上腺素弱。故推测肾上腺素刺激肝细胞分泌HRG主要是通过β肾上腺素能受体介导的,但部分由非β肾上腺素能受体介导,其中α-肾上腺素能受体亦可能具有一定作用 相似文献
64.
凝血理论的修正及其意义 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
凝血过程是一系列酶促反应,包括内在途径、外在途径与共同通路。经典凝血理论认为内在途径是生理性止血中凝血过程的主要途径,外在途径是次要的或辅助性的,现代凝血理论认为体内凝血过程的启动是通过组织因子途径(外在途径)实现的。但由于组织因子途径抑制物(TFPI)的存在,外在途径只能形成微量凝血酶,然后是放大阶段微量凝血酶通过“截短的”内在途径生成中量凝血酶,以完成正常凝血过程。现代凝血理论对于心脑血管病变 相似文献
65.
Huang Fengming Du Jianchao Liang Zhu Xu Zhichao Xu Jiantao Zhao Yan Lin Yexuan Mei Song He Quan Zhu Jindong Liu Qiang Zhang Yanxu Qin Yuhao Sun Wei Song Jingyuan Chen Shilin Jiang Chengyu 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2019,62(3):321-332
Plant-derived microRNAs have recently been reported to function in human blood and tissues. Controversy was immediately raised due to possible contamination and the lack of large sample sizes. Here, we report thousands of unique small RNAs derived from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) herbs found in human blood cells and mouse lung tissues using a large-scale analysis.We extracted small RNAs from decoctions of 10 TCM plants(Ban Zhi Lian, Chai Hu, Chuan Xin Lian, Di Ding Zi Jin, Huang Qin, Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao, Pu Gong Ying, Xia Ku Cao, and Yu Xing Cao) and obtained millions of RNA sequences from each herb. We also obtained RNA-Seq data from the blood cells of humans who consumed herbal decoctions and from the lung tissues of mice administered RNAs from herbal decoctions via oral gavage. We identified thousands of unique small RNA sequences in human blood cells and mouse lung tissues. Some of these identified small RNAs from Chuan Xin Lian and Hong Jing Tian could be mapped to the genomes of the herbs, confirming their TCM plant origin. Small RNAs derived from herbs regulate mammalian gene expression in a sequence-specific manner, and thus are a superior novel class of herbal drug components that hold great potential as oral gene-targeted therapeutics, highlighting the important role of herbgenomics in their development. 相似文献
66.
67.
Residuals for multinomial models 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
68.
69.
Feiwei Zhang Dairong Qiao Hui Xu Chong Liao Shilin Li Yi Cao 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2009,47(3):351-357
Xylose reductase (XR) is a key enzyme in xylose metabolism because it catalyzes the reduction of xylose to xylitol. In order
to study the characteristics of XR from Candida tropicalis SCTCC 300249, its XR gene (xyll) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The fusion protein was purified effectively by Ni2+-chelating chromatography, and the kinetics of the recombinant XR was investigated. The Km values of the C. tropicalis XR for NADPH and NADH were 45.5 μM and 161.9 μM, respectively, which demonstrated that this XR had dual coenzyme specificity.
Moreover, this XR showed the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat=1.44×l04 min−1) for xylose among the characterized aldose reductases. Batch fermentation was performed with Saccharomyces serivisiae W303-lA:pYES2XR, and resulted in 7.63 g/L cell mass, 93.67 g/L xylitol, and 2.34 g/L · h xylitol productivity. This XR coupled
with its dual coenzyme specificity, high activity, and catalytic efficiency proved its utility in in vitro xylitol production. 相似文献
70.
Xiwen Li Yang Yang Robert J. Henry Maurizio Rossetto Yitao Wang Shilin Chen 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2015,90(1):157-166
DNA barcoding is currently a widely used and effective tool that enables rapid and accurate identification of plant species; however, none of the available loci work across all species. Because single‐locus DNA barcodes lack adequate variations in closely related taxa, recent barcoding studies have placed high emphasis on the use of whole‐chloroplast genome sequences which are now more readily available as a consequence of improving sequencing technologies. While chloroplast genome sequencing can already deliver a reliable barcode for accurate plant identification it is not yet resource‐effective and does not yet offer the speed of analysis provided by single‐locus barcodes to unspecialized laboratory facilities. Here, we review the development of candidate barcodes and discuss the feasibility of using the chloroplast genome as a super‐barcode. We advocate a new approach for DNA barcoding that, for selected groups of taxa, combines the best use of single‐locus barcodes and super‐barcodes for efficient plant identification. Specific barcodes might enhance our ability to distinguish closely related plants at the species and population levels. 相似文献