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排序方式: 共有434条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Early‐shared Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin sub‐strains induce Th1 cytokine production in vivo 下载免费PDF全文
Keiichi Taniguchi Yuuji Miyatake Daisuke Hayashi Atsuro Takami Saotomo Itoh Saburo Yamamoto Shigeaki Hida Kikuo Onozaki Takemasa Takii 《Microbiology and immunology》2015,59(11):684-689
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We identify a new mammalian cohesin subunit, RAD21-like protein (RAD21L), with sequence similarity to RAD21 and REC8. RAD21L localizes along axial elements in early meiotic prophase, in a manner that is spatiotemporally different to either REC8 or RAD21. Remarkably, RAD21L and REC8 have symmetrical, mutually exclusive localization on the not-yet-synapsed homologues, implying that the cohesin patterning could provide a code for homologue recognition. RAD21 transiently localizes to axial elements after the dissociation of RAD21L and REC8 in late pachytene, a period of recombination repair. Further, we show that the removal of cohesins and synaptonemal complex during late meiotic prophase is promoted by Polo-like kinase 1, which is similar to the mitotic prophase pathway. 相似文献
44.
Hiyoshi H Kodama T Saito K Gotoh K Matsuda S Akeda Y Honda T Iida T 《Cell host & microbe》2011,10(4):401-409
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans, is characterized by two type III secretion systems (T3SS), namely T3SS1 and T3SS2. T3SS2 is indispensable for enterotoxicity but the effector(s) involved are unknown. Here, we identify VopV as a critical effector that is required to mediate V. parahaemolyticus T3SS2-dependent enterotoxicity. VopV was found to possess multiple F-actin-binding domains and the enterotoxicity caused by VopV correlated with its F-actin-binding activity. Furthermore, a T3SS2-related secretion system and a vopV homologous gene were also involved in the enterotoxicity of a non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strain. These results indicate that the F-actin-targeting effector VopV is involved in enterotoxic activity of T3SS2-possessing bacterial pathogens. 相似文献
45.
Capuano P Radanovic T Wagner CA Bacic D Kato S Uchiyama Y St-Arnoud R Murer H Biber J 《American journal of physiology. Cell physiology》2005,288(2):C429-C434
Intake of a low-phosphate diet stimulates transepithelial transport of Pi in small intestine as well as in renal proximal tubules. In both organs, this is paralleled by a change in the abundance of the apically localized NaPi cotransporters NaPi type IIa (NaPi-IIa) and NaPi type IIb (NaPi-IIb), respectively. Low-Pi diet, via stimulation of the activity of the renal 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3-1-hydroxylase (1OHase), leads to an increase in the level of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D]. Regulation of the intestinal absorption of Pi and the abundance of NaPi-IIb by 1,25(OH)2D has been supposed to involve the vitamin D receptor (VDR). In this study, we investigated the adaptation to a low-Pi diet of NaPi-IIb in small intestine as well as NaPi-IIa in kidneys of either VDR- or 1OHase-deficient mice. In both mouse models, upregulation by a low-Pi diet of the NaPi cotransporters NaPi-IIa and NaPi-IIb was normal, i.e., similar to that observed in the wild types. Also, in small intestines of VDR- and 1OHase-deficient mice, the same changes in NaPi-IIb mRNA found in wild-type mice were observed. On the basis of the results, we conclude that the regulation of NaPi cotransport in small intestine (via NaPi-IIb) and kidney (via NaPi-IIa) by low dietary intake of Pi cannot be explained by the 1,25(OH)2D-VDR axis. NaPi type IIb; vitamin D3 相似文献
46.
Urakawa H Dubilier N Fujiwara Y Cunningham DE Kojima S Stahl DA 《Environmental microbiology》2005,7(5):750-754
The discovery of new hydrothermal vent systems in the back-arc basins of the Western Pacific revealed chemosynthesis-based faunal communities distinct from those of other vents. These vents are dominated by two related gastropods (Alviniconcha spp. and Ifremeria nautilei) that harbour symbiotic bacteria in their gills. We used comparative 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and in situ hybridization with rRNA-targeted probes to characterize the bacterial symbionts of Alviniconcha sp. and I. nautilei from the Manus Basin in the Western Pacific. The analyses revealed that these two gastropod species, although affiliated with the same family, harbour phylogenetically distant chemosymbionts, suggesting independent origins of these endosymbioses. The I. nautilei endosymbiont clusters with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria within the gamma-Proteobacteria, as is the case for all previously characterized endosymbionts from a wide diversity of host taxa harbouring thioautotrophic prokaryotes. In contrast, the Alviniconcha endosymbiont is affiliated with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria within the epsilon-Proteobacteria. These results show that bacteria from the epsilon-Proteobacteria are also capable of forming endosymbiotic associations with marine invertebrates from chemosynthetic environments. More generally, the endosymbiotic lifestyle is now shown to be distributed throughout all recognized classes of the Proteobacteria. 相似文献
47.
Study of androgen receptor functions by genetic models 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
48.
Infrared (IR) spectra were measured for cellulose Ibeta prepared from the mantle of Halocynthia roretzi over a temperature range of 30-260 degrees C to explore the temperature-dependent changes in hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) in the crystal. Structural changes at the phase transition temperature of 220 degrees C are elucidated at the functional group level by perturbation-correlation moving-window two-dimensional (PCMW2D) correlation spectroscopy. The PCMW2D correlation spectra show that the intensities of bands arising from O3-H3...O5 and O2-H2...O6 intrachain H-bonds dramatically decrease at 220 degrees C, whereas the intensity changes of bands due to interchain H-bonds are not observed adequately. These results suggest that the phase transition is induced by the dissociation of the O3-H3...O5 and O2-H2...O6 intrachain H-bonds. However, the interchain H-bonds are not so much responsible for the transition directly. 相似文献
49.
Fumitaka Mizoguchi Yayoi Izu Tadayoshi Hayata Hiroaki Hemmi Kazuhisa Nakashima Takashi Nakamura Shigeaki Kato Nobuyuki Miyasaka Yoichi Ezura Masaki Noda 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2010,109(5):866-875
Osteoclasts are unique cells that resorb bone, and are involved in not only bone remodeling but also pathological bone loss such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The regulation of osteoclasts is based on a number of molecules but full details of these molecules have not yet been understood. MicroRNAs are produced by Dicer cleavage an emerging regulatory system for cell and tissue function. Here, we examine the effects of Dicer deficiency in osteoclasts on osteoclastic activity and bone mass in vivo. We specifically knocked out Dicer in osteoclasts by crossing Dicer flox mice with cathepsin K‐Cre knock‐in mice. Dicer deficiency in osteoclasts decreased the number of osteoclasts (N.Oc/BS) and osteoclast surface (Oc.S/BS) in vivo. Intrinsically, Dicer deficiency in osteoclasts suppressed the levels of TRAP positive multinucleated cell development in culture and also reduced NFATc1 and TRAP gene expression. MicroRNA analysis indicated that expression of miR‐155 was suppressed by RANKL treatment in Dicer deficient cells. Dicer deficiency in osteoclasts suppressed osteoblastic activity in vivo including mineral apposition rate (MAR) and bone formation rate (BFR) and also suppressed expression of genes encoding type I collagen, osteocalcin, Runx2, and Efnb2 in vivo. Dicer deficiency in osteoclasts increased the levels of bone mass indicating that the Dicer deficiency‐induced osteoclastic suppression was dominant over Dicer deficiency‐induced osteoblastic suppression. On the other hand, conditional Dicer deletion in osteoblasts by using 2.3 kb type I collagen‐Cre did not affect bone mass. These results indicate that Dicer in osteoclasts controls activity of bone resorption in vivo. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 866–875, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
50.
Katsuko Shiraya Taku Hirata Ryo Hatano Shushi Nagamori Pattama Wiriyasermkul Promsuk Jutabha Mitsunobu Matsubara Shigeaki Muto Hidekazu Tanaka Shinji Asano Naohiko Anzai Hitoshi Endou Akira Yamada Hiroyuki Sakurai Yoshikatsu Kanai 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2010,285(29):22141-22151
We identified a novel prostaglandin (PG)-specific organic anion transporter (OAT) in the OAT group of the SLC22 family. The transporter designated OAT-PG from mouse kidney exhibited Na+-independent and saturable transport of PGE2 when expressed in a proximal tubule cell line (S2). Unusual for OAT members, OAT-PG showed narrow substrate selectivity and high affinity for a specific subset of PGs, including PGE2, PGF2α, and PGD2. Similar to PGE2 receptor and PGT, a structurally distinct PG transporter, OAT-PG requires for its substrates an α-carboxyl group, with a double bond between C13 and C14 as well as a (S)-hydroxyl group at C15. Unlike the PGE2 receptor, however, the hydroxyl group at C11 in a cyclopentane ring is not essential for OAT-PG substrates. Addition of a hydroxyl group at C19 or C20 impairs the interaction with OAT-PG, whereas an ethyl group at C20 enhances the interaction, suggesting the importance of hydrophobicity around the ω-tail tip forming a “hydrophobic core” accompanied by a negative charge, which is essential for substrates of OAT members. OAT-PG-mediated transport is concentrative in nature, although OAT-PG mediates both facilitative and exchange transport. OAT-PG is kidney-specific and localized on the basolateral membrane of proximal tubules where a PG-inactivating enzyme, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, is expressed. Because of the fact that 15-keto-PGE2, the metabolite of PGE2 produced by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, is not a substrate of OAT-PG, the transport-metabolism coupling would make unidirectional PGE2 transport more efficient. By removing extracellular PGE2, OAT-PG is proposed to be involved in the local PGE2 clearance and metabolism for the inactivation of PG signals in the kidney cortex. 相似文献