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11.
Background
State-of-the-art signal processing methods are known to detect information in single-trial event-related EEG data, a crucial aspect in development of real-time applications such as brain computer interfaces. This paper investigates one such novel approach, evaluating how individual classifier and feature subset tailoring affects classification of single-trial EEG finger movements. The discrete wavelet transform was used to extract signal features that were classified using linear regression and non-linear neural network models, which were trained and architecturally optimized with evolutionary algorithms. The input feature subsets were also allowed to evolve, thus performing feature selection in a wrapper fashion. Filter approaches were implemented as well by limiting the degree of optimization. 相似文献12.
13.
Daniel CB Jeffery Naoko Kakusho Zhiying You Marlene Gharib Brandon Wyse Erin Drury Michael Weinreich Pierre Thibault Alain Verreault Hisao Masai Krassimir Yankulov 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2015,14(1):74-85
Chromatin Assembly Factor I (CAF-I) plays a key role in the replication-coupled assembly
of nucleosomes. It is expected that its function is linked to the regulation of the cell
cycle, but little detail is available. Current models suggest that CAF-I is recruited to
replication forks and to chromatin via an interaction between its Cac1p subunit and the
replication sliding clamp, PCNA, and that this interaction is stimulated by the kinase
CDC7. Here we show that another kinase, CDC28,
phosphorylates Cac1p on serines 94 and 515 in early S phase and regulates its association
with chromatin, but not its association with PCNA. Mutations in the Cac1p-phosphorylation
sites of CDC28 but not of CDC7 substantially reduce the
in vivo phosphorylation of Cac1p. However, mutations in the putative
CDC7 target sites on Cac1p reduce its stability. The association of
CAF-I with chromatin is impaired in a cdc28–1 mutant and to a
lesser extent in a cdc7–1 mutant. In addition, mutations in the
Cac1p-phosphorylation sites by both CDC28 and CDC7
reduce gene silencing at the telomeres. We propose that this phosphorylation represents a
regulatory step in the recruitment of CAF-I to chromatin in early S phase that is distinct
from the association of CAF-I with PCNA. Hence, we implicate CDC28 in the
regulation of chromatin reassembly during DNA replication. These findings provide novel
mechanistic insights on the links between cell-cycle regulation, DNA replication and
chromatin reassembly. 相似文献
14.
Two contrasting approaches have been used to construct the overall tree of life from molecular data: one involves the analysis of single large datasets, while the other involves joining many independent smaller analyses into a supertree. A recent study uses the latter approach to produce the most complete phylogeny yet of flowering plant families. 相似文献
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Asha Tukappa NK Ramesh L Londonkar Hanumantappa B Nayaka Sanjeev Kumar CB 《Biological research》2015,48(1)
Background
To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential and invitro cytotoxicity studies of whole plant methanol extract of Rumex vesicarius L. Methanol extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw were assessed for its hepatoprotective potential against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by monitoring activity levels of SGOT (Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), SGPT (Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), TP (Total protein), TB (Total bilirubin) and SOD (Superoxide dismutase), CAT (Catalase), MDA (Malondialdehyde). The cytotoxicity of the same extract on HepG2 cell lines were also assessed using MTT assay method at the concentration of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 μg/ml.Results
Pretreatment of animals with whole plant methanol extracts of Rumex vesicarius L. significantly reduced the liver damage and the symptoms of liver injury by restoration of architecture of liver. The biochemical parameters in serum also improved in treated groups compared to the control and standard (silymarin) groups. Histopathological investigation further corroborated these biochemical observations. The cytotoxicity results indicated that the plant extract which were inhibitory to the proliferation of HepG2 cell line with IC50 value of 563.33 ± 0.8 μg/ml were not cytotoxic and appears to be safe.Conclusions
Rumex vesicarius L. whole plant methanol extract exhibit hepatoprotective activity. However the cytotoxicity in HepG2 is inexplicable and warrants further study. 相似文献17.
Akihiro Sakai Jiahuai Han Andrew CB Cato Shizuo Akira Jian-Dong Li 《BMC molecular biology》2004,5(1):2-16
Background
Despite the importance of glucocorticoids in suppressing immune and inflammatory responses, their role in enhancing host immune and defense response against invading bacteria is poorly understood. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) has recently gained importance as one of the major host defense receptors. The increased expression of TLR2 in response to bacteria-induced cytokines has been thought to be crucial for the accelerated immune response and resensitization of epithelial cells to invading pathogens. 相似文献18.
In the last decade, treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer has changed markedly, impacting symptom control and longevity for patients. However, a large proportion of cases progress despite androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy, while still being fit enough for several more lines of treatment. Overstimulation of the androgen receptor (AR) activity is the main driver of this cancer. Targeting biological functions of the AR or its co-regulators has proven very effective in this disease and led to the development of several highly effective drugs targeting the AR signalling axis. Drugs such as enzalutamide demonstrated that the improvement in anti-tumour efficacy is closely correlated with an affinity for the AR and its activity and have established the paradigm that AR remains activity in aggressive disease. However, as importantly, key insights into mechanisms of resistance are guiding the development of the next generation of AR-targeted drugs. This review outlines the historical development of these highly specific agents, their mechanism of action in the context of defective AR activity, and explores the potential for the upcoming next-generation AR inhibitors (ARI) for prostate cancer by targeting the alternative domains of AR, rather than by the conventional ligand-binding domain approach. There is huge potential in these approaches to develop new drugs with high clinical activity and further improve the outlook for patients. 相似文献