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81.
Different cis-Acting Elements Are Involved in the Regulation of TRP1 and TRP2 Promoter Activities by Cyclic AMP: Pivotal Role of M Boxes (GTCATGTGCT) and of Microphthalmia 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7 下载免费PDF全文
82.
Félix Ambrosio-Gallardo Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Gerhard Heinze-Martin Jorge Caraveo-Anduaga José Cortés-Sotres 《PloS one》2015,10(1)
Introduction
Minor physical anomalies (MPA) are dysmorphic features that reflect deviations in early development, are morphological variants that appear during the first trimester of pregnancy and could be used as a marker of disease risk in susceptible people. The literature agrees that the number of MPA is higher in patients with schizophrenia compared with their relatives and healthy subjects. The purpose of this study is to compare the MPA, assessed using the Gourion Scale, in complete nuclear families (families with a member with schizophrenia and control families) by determining the MPA mean, concordance and heritability for the total score on the MPA Gourion Scale for each anomaly.Method
The sample consisted of 60 families with at least one schizophrenic patient (284 members) and 61 control families (249 members). Results: The mean total score for the scale was 5.72 ± 2.3 MPA in the case of families with at least one schizophrenic patient and 1.8 ± 4.46 MPA for control families. The average for families of patients without considering the patient in the analysis was 5.59 ± 2.3 MPA; for patients, the mean was 6.14 ± 2.4 MPA. In the analysis by anomaly differences were found only in eleven anomalies found no evidence of heritability or concordance.Conclusions
MPA occur more frequently in patients, but a pattern of low consistency between them persists. It is concluded that MPA could be a marker of neurodevelopmental problems, but it is not suitable to consider them a Gourion scale as endophenotype. 相似文献83.
Abdulahi Alfonso-Morales Liliam Rios Orlando Martínez-Pérez Roser Dolz Rosa Valle Carmen L. Perera Kateri Bertran Maria T. Frías Llilianne Ganges Heidy Díaz de Arce Natàlia Majó José I. Nú?ez Lester J. Pérez 《PloS one》2015,10(5)
BackgroundInfectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and acute viral disease, which has caused high mortality rates in birds and considerable economic losses in different parts of the world for more than two decades and it still represents a considerable threat to poultry. The current study was designed to rigorously measure the reliability of a phylogenetic marker included into segment B. This marker can facilitate molecular epidemiology studies, incorporating this segment of the viral genome, to better explain the links between emergence, spreading and maintenance of the very virulent IBD virus (vvIBDV) strains worldwide.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study contributes to a better understanding of the emergence of vvIBDV strains, describing molecular epidemiology of IBDV using the state-of-the-art methodology concerning phylogenetic reconstruction. This study also revealed the presence of a novel natural reassorted strain as possible manifest of change in the genetic structure and stability of the vvIBDV strains. Therefore, it highlights the need to obtain information about both genome segments of IBDV for molecular epidemiology studies. 相似文献
84.
Ana B. Fagundo Susana Jiménez-Murcia Cristina Giner-Bartolomé Mohammed Anisul Islam Rafael de la Torre Antoni Pastor Felipe F. Casanueva Ana B. Crujeiras Roser Granero Rosa Ba?os Cristina Botella Jose M. Fernández-Real Gema Frühbeck Javier Gómez-Ambrosi José M. Menchón Francisco J. Tinahones Fernando Fernández-Aranda 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
The prefrontal (PFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) appear to be associated with both executive functions and olfaction. However, there is little data relating olfactory processing and executive functions in humans. The present study aimed at exploring the role of olfaction on executive functioning, making a distinction between primary and more cognitive aspects of olfaction. Three executive tasks of similar difficulty were used. One was used to assess hot executive functions (Iowa Gambling Task-IGT), and two as a measure of cold executive functioning (Stroop Colour and Word Test-SCWT and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-WCST). Sixty two healthy participants were included: 31 with normosmia and 31 with hyposmia. Olfactory abilities were assessed using the ‘‘Sniffin’ Sticks’’ test and the olfactory threshold, odour discrimination and odour identification measures were obtained. All participants were female, aged between 18 and 60. Results showed that participants with hyposmia displayed worse performance in decision making (IGT; Cohen’s-d = 0.91) and cognitive flexibility (WCST; Cohen’s-d between 0.54 and 0.68) compared to those with normosmia. Multiple regression adjusted by the covariates participants’ age and education level showed a positive association between odour identification and the cognitive inhibition response (SCWT-interference; Beta = 0.29; p = .034). The odour discrimination capacity was not a predictor of the cognitive executive performance. Our results suggest that both hot and cold executive functions seem to be associated with higher-order olfactory functioning in humans. These results robustly support the hypothesis that olfaction and executive measures have a common neural substrate in PFC and OFC, and suggest that olfaction might be a reliable cognitive marker in psychiatric and neurologic disorders. 相似文献
85.
Zaida Agüera Xandra Romero Jon Arcelus Isabel Sánchez Nadine Riesco Susana Jiménez-Murcia Jana González-Gómez Roser Granero Nuria Custal Monica Montserrat-Gil de Bernabé Salomé Tárrega Rosa M. Ba?os Cristina Botella Rafael de la Torre José C. Fernández-García José M. Fernández-Real Gema Frühbeck Javier Gómez-Ambrosi Francisco J. Tinahones Ana B. Crujeiras Felipe F. Casanueva José M. Menchón Fernando Fernández-Aranda 《PloS one》2015,10(11)
The restoration of body composition (BC) parameters is considered to be one of the most important goals in the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, little is known about differences between AN diagnostic subtypes [restricting (AN-R) and binge/purging (AN-BP)] and weekly changes in BC during refeeding treatment. Therefore, the main objectives of our study were twofold: 1) to assess the changes in BC throughout nutritional treatment in an AN sample and 2) to analyze predictors of BC changes during treatment, as well as predictors of treatment outcome. The whole sample comprised 261 participants [118 adult females with AN (70 AN-R vs. 48 AN-BP), and 143 healthy controls]. BC was measured weekly during 15 weeks of day-hospital treatment using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Assessment measures also included the Eating Disorders Inventory-2, as well as a number of other clinical indices. Overall, the results showed that AN-R and AN-BP patients statistically differed in all BC measures at admission. However, no significant time×group interaction was found for almost all BC parameters. Significant time×group interactions were only found for basal metabolic rate (p = .041) and body mass index (BMI) (p = .035). Multiple regression models showed that the best predictors of pre-post changes in BC parameters (namely fat-free mass, muscular mass, total body water and BMI) were the baseline values of BC parameters. Stepwise predictive logistic regressions showed that only BMI and age were significantly associated with outcome, but not with the percentage of body fat. In conclusion, these data suggest that although AN patients tended to restore all BC parameters during nutritional treatment, only AN-BP patients obtained the same fat mass values as healthy controls. Put succinctly, the best predictors of changes in BC were baseline BC values, which did not, however, seem to influence treatment outcome. 相似文献
86.
There is a need to know whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits identify a more severe group of oppositional defiant children (ODD). The aim of this study is to ascertain cross-sectionally and longitudinally the specific contribution of CU levels and the presence of ODD in the psychological state of preschool children from the general population. A total of 622 children were assessed longitudinally at ages 3 and 5 with a semi-structured diagnostic interview and questionnaires filled out by parents and teachers. In multivariate models simultaneously including ODD diagnosis and CU levels, controlling by socioeconomic status, ethnicity, sex, severity of conduct disorder symptoms and other comorbidity, high CU scores were related to higher levels of aggression, withdrawn, externalizing and global symptomatology, functional impairment and higher probability of comorbid disorders and use of services. The contribution of CU traits on children’s psychological state was not moderated by the presence/absence of ODD. Stability for CU traits and number of ODD-symptoms between ages 3 and 5 was statistically significant but moderate-low (intra-class correlation under .40). Assessment and identification of CU traits from preschool might help to identify a subset of children who could have socialization problems, not only among those with ODD but also among those without a diagnosis of conduct problems. 相似文献
87.
88.
J. Gosálvez F. Crespo J.L. Vega-Pla C. López-Fernández E.I. Cortés-Gutiérrez M.I. Devila-Rodriguez R. Mezzanotte 《European journal of histochemistry : EJH》2010,54(1)
The genome of stallion (Spanish breed) and donkey (Spanish endemic Zamorano-Leonés) were compared using whole comparative genomic in situ hybridization (W-CGH) technique, with special reference to the variability observed in the Y chromosome. Results show that these diverging genomes still share some highly repetitive DNA families localized in pericentromeric regions and, in the particular case of the Y chromosome, a sub-family of highly repeated DNA sequences, greatly expanded in the donkey genome, accounts for a large part of the chromatin in the stallion Y chromosome.Key words: mammalian genome, mammalian cytogenetics, genome evolution, comparative genomics. 相似文献
89.
Cortés-Gutiérrez EI Dávila-Rodríguez MI Fernández JL López-Fernández C Gosálvez J 《European journal of histochemistry : EJH》2010,54(4):e32
This study investigated possible variations in the chromatin structure of koilocytes resulting from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Alkaline-labile sites (ALS) were detected with the DNA breakage detection–fluorescence in situ hybridization (DBD-FISH) technique using a whole human genome DNA probe obtained from individuals without koilocytosis. The variable levels of ALS present were measured quantitatively using image analysis after whole-genome DNA hybridization. A significant increase in the number of ALS was observed in koilocytes compared with normal cells. We demonstrated that the presence of ALS could be an indicator of chromatin change in koilocytes caused by HPV infection. 相似文献
90.
José A. Donázar Ainara Cortés-Avizanda Martina Carrete 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2010,56(4):613-621
Among vertebrates, specialization in scavenging has appeared only in “true” Gyps vultures, which usually base their diet almost exclusively on carcasses of medium and large-sized mammals, whereas all other
scavengers rely on broader ranges of prey. The availability of food for scavengers in Western Europe has not been limited
during recent decades permitting the existence and growth of huge vulture populations. From 2000 onwards, however, EU sanitary
legislation has progressively limited the abandonment of dead animals in the field resulting in a sudden reduction of food
availability with unknown ecological and conservation consequences. Here, we examine the dietary response of a tandem of carrion
eaters, the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) and the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), showing different degrees of dietary specialization. Our results showed that after the reduction in numbers of supplementary
feeding stations (vulture restaurants) the niche breadth of the griffon vulture has broadened and now includes significant
amounts of wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and garbage. The diet of the Egyptian vulture, on the contrary, did not vary substantially. The diet overlap showed patterns
probably conditioned by interspecific competition and the progressive exploitation of unpredictable carcasses. On a short-term
scale, consequences for smaller scavengers could be negative due to the monopolization of resources by the dominant and much
more abundant griffon vulture, however in the long-term all guild species would benefit from the exploitation of unpredictable
carcasses, which could enhance the possibilities of coexistence. 相似文献