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121.
Erminio Murano Vladimír Jellúš Alessandro Piras Renato Toffanin 《Journal of applied phycology》1998,10(3):315-322
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has already been successively used to investigate polysaccharide matrices. In particular,
MRI at microscopic resolution (MR microscopy) is now one of the most powerful techniques for studying the physical properties
of natural hydrogels. To contribute to a better understanding of the correlation between chemical and physical properties
of agar gels, we report here the measurement of the water magnetic parameters for agar gels extracted from different species
of Gelidium: T1 and T2 relaxation times, magnetisation transfer (Ms /M0) and diffusion (D) were measured to evaluate their
use for studying the gel characteristics. MR microscopic images were acquired at 7.05 Tesla using various pulse sequences.
The results obtained confirmed the possibility to use quantitative MRI for the characterisation of physical parameters correlated
with the type of agar chemical structure. In particular, T2 data obtained for gels at different concentrations indicate that
this magnetic parameter is very sensitive to the agar concentration and hence particularly useful for the gel strength determination.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
122.
Fani Renato Mori Elena Tamburini Elena Lazcano Antonio 《Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere》1998,28(4-6):555-570
A database of more than 100 histidine biosynthetic genes from different organisms belonging to the three primary domains has been analyzed, including those found in the now completely sequenced genomes of Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Synechocystis sp., Methanococcus jannaschii, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The ubiquity of his genes suggests that it is a highly conserved pathway that was probably already present in the last common ancestor of all extant life. The chromosomal distribution of the his genes shows that the enterobacterial histidine operon structure is not the only possible organization, and that there is a diversity of gene arrays for the his pathway. Analysis of the available sequences shows that gene fusions (like those involved in the origin of the Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium hisIE and hisB gene structures) are not universal. In contrast, the elongation event that led to the extant hisA gene from two homologous ancestral modules, as well as the subsequent paralogous duplication that originated hisF, appear to be irreversible and are conserved in all known organisms. The available evidence supports the hypothesis that histidine biosynthesis was assembled by a gene recruitment process. 相似文献
123.
Daniela Comegna Monica Benincasa Renato Gennaro Irene Izzo Francesco De Riccardis 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2010,18(5):2010-2018
The synthesis and screening of neutral and cationic, linear and cyclic peptoids (N-alkylglycine peptidomimetics) is described. Structure–activity relationship studies show that the in vitro activities of the tested peptoids depend on both cyclization and decoration with cationic groups. The most powerful N-lysine cyclopeptoid derivatives showed good antifungal activity against Candida albicans (ATCC90029 and L21) and Candida famata (SA550, Amph B-resistant) and low hemolytic activity. The effects of the cyclic peptoids on membrane permeabilization were evaluated by the propidium iodide exclusion assay. 相似文献
124.
Rodrigo Hohl Renato Buscariolli de Oliveira Denise Vaz de Macedo René Brenzikofer 《Journal of applied physiology》2007,102(3):1229-1234
We propose a communicating-vessels system to measure body volume in live rats through water level detection by hydrostatic weighing. The reproducibility, accuracy, linearity, and reliability of this apparatus were evaluated in two tests using previously weighed water or six aluminum cylinders of known volume after proper system calibration. The applicability of this apparatus to measurement of live animals (Wistar rats) was tested in a transversal experiment with five rats, anesthetized and nonanesthetized. We took 18 measurements of the volume under each condition (anesthetized and nonanesthetized), totaling 90 measurements. The addition of water volumes (50-700 ml) produced a regression equation with a slope of 1.0006 +/- 0.0017, intercept of 0.75 +/- 0.81 (R(2) = 0.99999, standard error of estimate = 0.58 ml), and bias of approximately 1 ml. The differences between cylinders of known volumes and volumes calculated by the system were <0.4 ml. Mean volume errors were 0.01-0.07%. Among the live models, the difference between the volumes obtained for anesthetized and nonanesthetized rats was 0.31 +/- 2.34 (SD) ml (n = 90). These data showed that animal movement does not interfere with the volume measured by the proposed apparatus, and neither anesthesia nor fur shaving is needed for this procedure. Nevertheless, some effort should be taken to eliminate air bubbles trapped in the apparatus or the fur. The proposed apparatus for measuring rat body volume is inexpensive and may be useful for a range of scientific purposes. 相似文献
125.
David Giraldi Mattia de’Michieli Vitturi Mattia Zaramella Andrea Marion Renato Iannelli 《Ecological Engineering》2009,35(2):265-273
Typical unsteady unsaturated conditions can profoundly affect the hydrodynamics of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands. In this study we analyzed the hydrodynamics of a 33 m2 vertical flow pilot plant, treating municipal secondary effluents. Three different saturation conditions were analyzed under several constant flux regimes: complete saturation, partial saturation with the free water table 20 cm over the bottom of the bed, and complete drainage. Tracer tests were performed in steady state conditions by dosing rhodamine WT as square input signals. Breakthrough curves were analyzed by means of both a classical residence time distribution analysis and an originally developed numerical plug-flow model with longitudinal dispersion adapted to the unsaturated conditions. We found that the degree of global mixing in the vertical flow constructed wetland increased as the water content increased; this effect was controlled by the hydraulic residence time of the system. Conversely, the degree of local mixing was inversely affected by water content; the dispersivity was 4.5, 10, and 14 cm for fully saturated, partially saturated and draining conditions, respectively. We explain the dependency of dispersivity on water content in physical terms; however, further studies are needed to mathematically include this relationship in numerical models that describe the behaviour of vertical flow constructed wetlands. 相似文献
126.
Biochemical and molecular characterization of Avena indolines and their role in kernel texture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
127.
Nelson H. Koshoji Sandra K. Bussadori Carolina C. Bortoletto Renato A. Prates Marcelo T. Oliveira Alessandro M. Deana 《PloS one》2015,10(2)
Erosion is a highly prevalent condition known as a non-carious lesion that causes progressive tooth wear due to chemical processes that do not involve the action of bacteria. Speckle images proved sensitive to even minimal mineral loss from the enamel. The aim of the present study was to investigate the use of laser speckle imaging analysis in the spatial domain to quantify shifts in the microstructure of the tooth surface in an erosion model. 32 fragments of the vestibular surface of bovine incisors were divided in for groups (10 min, 20 min. 30 min and 40 min of acid etching) immersed in a cola-based beverage (pH approximately 2.5) twice a day during 7 days to create an artificial erosion. By analyzing the laser speckle contrast map (LASCA) in the eroded region compared to the sound it was observed that the LASCA map shifts, proportionally to the acid each duration, by: 18%; 23%; 39% and 44% for the 10 min; 20 min; 30 min and 40 min groups, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the correlation between speckle patterns and erosion progression. 相似文献
128.
Federica Zito Marino Giuseppina Liguori Gabriella Aquino Elvira La Mantia Silvano Bosari Stefano Ferrero Lorenzo Rosso Gabriella Gaudioso Nicla De Rosa Marianna Scrima Nicola Martucci Antonello La Rocca Nicola Normanno Alessandro Morabito Gaetano Rocco Gerardo Botti Renato Franco 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
129.
Éverson Miguel Bianco Thiago Martins Francisco Carlos Basílio Pinheiro Rodrigo Bagueira de Vasconcellos Azeredo Valéria Laneuville Teixeira Renato Crespo Pereira 《化学与生物多样性》2015,12(11):1665-1677
Chemical investigation of the CH2Cl2 crude extract from the brown alga Canistrocarpus cervicornis (Dictyotaceae) led to isolation of one new ( 1 ) and four previously reported dolastane diterpenes ( 2 – 5 ). Their structures were characterized by 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic techniques, including a full single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis for 1, 2 , and 4 . In addition, the new structure 1 was assayed as chemical defense inhibiting the feeding by the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. This study constitutes an additional report broadening the known spectrum of action and defensive roles of secondary metabolites of the C. cervicornis and Dictyotales species. 相似文献
130.
Carla B. Andreucci José G. Cecatti Rodolfo C. Pacagnella Carla Silveira Mary A. Parpinelli Elton C. Ferreira Carina R. Angelini Juliana P. Santos Dulce M. Zanardi Jamile C. Bussadori Gustavo N. Cecchino Renato T. Souza Maria H. Sousa Maria L. Costa 《PloS one》2015,10(12)