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11.
Sharma RK 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2002,230(1-2):3-30
Almost four decades of research in the field of membrane guanylate cyclases is discussed in this review. Primarily, it focuses on the chronological development of the field, recognizes major contributions of the original investigators, corrects certain misplaced facts, and projects its future trend. 相似文献
12.
Introduction of Pro residues into helix interiors results in protein destabilization. It is currently unclear if the converse substitution (i.e., replacement of Pro residues that naturally occur in helix interiors would be stabilizing). Maltose-binding protein is a large 370-amino acid protein that contains 21 Pro residues. Of these, three nonconserved residues (P48, P133, and P159) occur at helix interiors. Each of the residues was replaced with Ala and Ser. Stabilities were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as a function of pH and by isothermal urea denaturation studies as a function of temperature. The P48S and P48A mutants were found to be marginally more stable than the wild-type protein. In the pH range of 5-9, there is an average increase in T(m) values of P48A and P48S of 0.4 degrees C and 0.2 degrees C, respectively, relative to the wild-type protein. The other mutants are less stable than the wild type. Analysis of the effects of such Pro substitutions in MBP and in three other proteins studied to date suggests that substitutions are more likely to be stabilizing if the carbonyl group i-3 or i-4 to the mutation site is not hydrogen bonded in the wild-type protein. 相似文献
13.
The possible hypocholesterolemic effect of acidophilus milk was evaluated on 27 human subjects having different levels of serum cholesterol, i.e. < 2.0 (group C1), 2.0-2.2 (C2), 2.2-2.5 (C3) and > 2.5 g/L (C4). The acidophilus milk was prepared by fermentation of low-fat milk with Lactobacillus acidophilus and was fed to each volunteer at the rate of 200 mL/d for 20 d. Blood samples from the volunteers were collected and analyzed for lipid profile twice prior to, during and after feeding, keeping a gap of 10 d between two collections. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in average total cholesterol was found in the C2 and C3 groups, amounting to 21 and 12%, respectively. The average LDL cholesterol decreased in C2, C3 and C4 groups by 0.54, 0.26 and 0.46 g/L, respectively. In the C2 group, the LDL/HDL and total/HDL ratio was also reduced by 1.4 and 1.3, respectively. However, in the C1 group, the average total and LDL cholesterol level did not show any significant change but serum triacylglycerols and VLDL cholesterol showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase of 0.53 and 0.11 g/L, respectively. Regression analysis of the data revealed a square trend in most of the parameters over time period. Overall, the feeding had the best effect in the subjects with lipidemic status of borderline cholesterol level (2.0-2.2 g/L) group. 相似文献
14.
Naresh Sahebrao Nagpure Iliyas Rashid Ajey Kumar Pathak Mahender Singh Rameshwar Pati Shri Prakash Singh Uttam Kumar Sarkar 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
Mitochondrial genome sequences have been widely used for evolutionary and phylogenetic studies. Among vertebrates, fish are an important, diverse group, and their mitogenome sequences are growing rapidly in public repositories. To facilitate mitochondrial genome analysis and to explore the valuable genetic information, we developed the Fish Mitogenome Resource (FMiR) database to provide a workbench for mitogenome annotation, species identification and microsatellite marker mining. The microsatellites are also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and used as molecular markers in studies on population genetics, gene duplication and marker assisted selection. Here, easy-to-use tools have been implemented for mining SSRs and for designing primers to identify species/habitat specific markers. In addition, FMiR can analyze complete or partial mitochondrial genome sequence to identify species and to deduce relational distances among sequences across species. The database presently contains curated mitochondrial genomes from 1302 fish species belonging to 297 families and 47 orders reported from saltwater and freshwater ecosystems. In addition, the database covers information on fish species such as conservation status, ecosystem, family, distribution and occurrence downloaded from the FishBase and IUCN Red List databases. Those fish information have been used to browse mitogenome information for the species belonging to a particular category. The database is scalable in terms of content and inclusion of other analytical modules. The FMiR is running under Linux operating platform on high performance server accessible at URL http://mail.nbfgr.res.in/fmir. 相似文献
15.
Monika A. Davare Sangeet Lal Jennifer L. Peckham Suresh I. Prajapati Sakir H. Gultekin Brian P. Rubin Charles Keller 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Leptomeningeal metastasis is a cause of morbidity and mortality in medulloblastoma, but the understanding of molecular mechanisms driving this process is nascent. In this study, we examined the secretory chemokine profile of medulloblastoma cells (DAOY) and a meningothelial cell line (BMEN1). Conditioned media (CM) of meningothelial cells increased adhesion, spreading and migration of medulloblastoma. VEGFA was identified at elevated levels in the CM from BMEN1 cells (as compared to DAOY CM); however, recombinant VEGFA alone was insufficient to enhance medulloblastoma cell migration. In addition, bevacizumab, the VEGFA scavenging monoclonal antibody, did not block the migratory phenotype induced by the CM. These results reveal that paracrine factors secreted by meningothelial cells can influence migration and adherence of medulloblastoma tumor cells, but VEGFA may not be a specific target for therapeutic intervention in this context. 相似文献
16.
Karl-W. Koch Teresa Duda Rameshwar K. Sharma 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2010,334(1-2):105-115
Vertebrate phototransduction depends on the reciprocal relationship between two-second messengers, cyclic GMP and Ca2+. The concentration of both is reciprocally regulated including the dynamic synthesis of cyclic GMP by a membrane bound guanylate cyclase. Different from hormone receptor guanylate cyclases, the cyclases operating in phototransduction are regulated by the intracellular Ca2+-concentration via small Ca2+-binding proteins. Based on the site of their expression and their Ca2+ modulation, this sub-branch of the cyclase family was named sensory guanylate cyclases, of which the retina specific forms are named ROS-GCs (rod outer segment guanylate cyclases). This review focuses on the structure and function of the ROS-GC subfamily present in the mammalian retinal neurons: photoreceptors and inner layers of the retinal neurons. Portions and excerpts of the review are from a previous chapter (Curr Top Biochem Res 6:111–144, 2004). 相似文献
17.
In the continuous efforts to test the validity of the theme that the Ca2+-modulated ROS-GC subfamily system is a universal transduction component of the sensory and sensory-linked network of neurons, this article focuses on the presence and variant biochemical forms of this transduction system in the gustatory epithelium, the site of gustatory transduction; in the pineal, a light-sensitive gland; and in the hippocampus neurons, linked with the perception of all SENSES. 相似文献
18.
An SDS-PAGE analysis of renal microsomal fraction of albino mice was performed to study the involvement of proteins in dexamethasone-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and their alterations by metformin, a widely accepted oral antidiabetic drug. In addition, changes in renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) content, as well as renal somatic index (RSI) and daily rate of water consumption were also investigated. While dexamethasone administration (1.0 mg/kg for 21 days) expressed two renal proteins (43 kDa and 63.23 kDa), in addition to the increased fasting serum levels of glucose and insulin, renal LPO, RSI and daily rate of water consumption, a parallel decrease in renal SOD, CAT and GSH was also observed. Treatment with metformin normalized these alterations including the renal proteins and LPO, confirming its efficacy in ameliorating dexamethasone-induced type-2 DM and also the association of two proteins with type-2 DM. 相似文献
19.
Teresa Duda Rameshwar K. Sharma 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,391(3):1379-241
In a subset of the olfactory sensory neurons ONE-GC$ membrane guanylate cyclase is a central component of two odorant-dependent cyclic GMP signaling pathways. These odorants are uroguanylin and CO2. The present study was designed to decipher the biochemical and molecular differences between these two odorant signaling mechanisms. The study shows (1) in contrast to uroguanylin, CO2 transduction mechanism is Ca2+-independent. (2) CO2 transduction site, like that of uroguanylin-neurocalcin δ, resides in the core catalytic domain, aa 880-1028, of ONE-GC. (3) The site, however, does not overlap the signature neurocalcin δ signal transduction domain, 908LSEPIE913. Finally, (4) this study negates the prevailing concept that CO2 uniquely signals ONE-GC activity (Sun et al. [19]; Guo et al. [21]). It demonstrates that it also signals the activation of photoreceptor membrane guanylate cyclase ROS-GC1. These results show an additional new transduction mechanism of the membrane guanylate cyclases and broaden our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which different odorants using a single guanylate cyclase can regulate diverse cyclic GMP signaling pathways. 相似文献
20.