Vergleichende Untersuchungen über den Nucleinsäuren- und Atmungsstoffwechsel von Proteus vulgaris,dessen stabiler L-Phase und den pleuropneumonie-ähnlichen Organismen

Ohne ZusammenfassungDer Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft danken wir für die Unterstützung dieser Arbeit.Die Arbeit ist im wesentlichen ein Auszug aus der von Herrn C. Zehender vorgelegten Dissertation der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität München.     

Improved method for routine determination of nicotine and its main metabolites in biological fluids

Extrelut^R extraction and glass capillary gas chromatography were applied to the routine determination of nicotine and its metabolites cotinine, nicotine-1′-N-oxide and cotinine-1-N-oxide in urine and plasma. After extraction of nicotine and cotinine both N-oxides and phendimetrazine-N-oxide (used as internal standard) were reduced to their bases by SO₂ on-column and eluted by a mixture of diethyl ether and dichloromethane. The minimum detectable concentrations are 0.03 μg/ml for urinary nicotine and cotinine and 0.1 μg/ml for the N-oxides. In plasma samples the corresponding values are 5 ng/ml and 15 ng/ml, respectively, with sample values as small as 2 ml. The advantage of the direct determination of all four compounds of interest in one sample reduced the amount of plasma required. The straightforward and rapid extraction and reduction procedure as well as the long-term stability of the gas chromatographic separation system make the method suitable for routine application.     

Die Histiogenese der Planarienregenerate

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die systematische Stellung vonTaiwania cryptomerioides Hayata

Ohne ZusammenfassungVor allem bin ich meinem verehrten Lehrer, Herrn Hofrat Prof. Dr. R. Wettstein, der mich zu dieser Arbeit angeregt hat, zu großem Dank verpflichtet. Außerdem danke ich Herrn Kustos Dr. H. Handel-Mazzetti für die Überlassung des von ihm in China gesammelten Materiales, ferner den Herren Prof. Dr. F. Knoll, Dozent Dr. B. Schussnig, Assistent Dr. H. Neumayer und Assistent Dr. H. Brunswik, die meine Arbeit durch Beschaffung von Vergleichsmaterial und durch technische Eatschläge gefördert haben.     

TEMPERATURE AND FORWARD MOVEMENT OF PARAMECIUM

1. The rate of forward movement in Paramecium as affected by changes in temperature can be described accurately in terms of the Arrhenius equation. See PDF for Equation 2. For the range from 6–15°, µ = 16,000; from 16–40°, µ = 8,000. These values fall within the limits characteristic for chemical processes. 3. On the principle of velocity control by the slowest rate, it is assumed that in Paramecium at temperatures above normal, control passes from one underlying reaction to another. 4. The views expressed by Rice, the recent results of Crozier, and certain µ values given by Arrhenius all suggest that µ = 16,000 may represent an oxidation, and µ = 8,000 either a modified oxidation or an hydrolysis. 5. For the system of controls, the catenary series O → A → E with the lower µ value attached to the precursor reaction is adequate. We may also assume a cyclical system analogous to Meyerhof''s conception of carbohydrate metabolism in muscle. In this case it is necessary to assign µ = 16,000 to the oxidation of A and E and µ = 8,000 to the synthesis E → O. This model also accounts for the fact that the data might be interpreted as involving, apparently, a depletion of A at the higher temperature.