全文获取类型
收费全文 | 164篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 3篇 |
2013年 | 20篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 9篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 2篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有176条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
61.
The NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR)/thioredoxin (Trx) system catalyzes disulfide bond reduction in the cytoplasm and mitochondrion. Trx h is suggested to play an important role in seed development, germination, and seedling growth. Plants have multiple isoforms of Trx h and NTR; however, little is known about the roles of the individual isoforms. Trx h isoforms from barley (Hordeum vulgare) seeds (HvTrxh1 and HvTrxh2) were characterized previously. In this study, two NTR isoforms (HvNTR1 and HvNTR2) were identified, enabling comparison of gene expression, protein appearance, and interaction between individual NTR and Trx h isoforms in barley embryo and aleurone layers. Although mRNA encoding both Trx h isoforms is present in embryo and aleurone layers, the corresponding proteins differed in spatiotemporal appearance. HvNTR2, but not HvNTR1, gene expression seems to be regulated by gibberellic acid. Recombinant HvNTR1 and HvNTR2 exhibited virtually the same affinity toward HvTrxh1 and HvTrxh2, whereas HvNTR2 has slightly higher catalytic activity than HvNTR1 with both Trx h isoforms, and HvNTR1 has slightly higher catalytic activity toward HvTrxh1 than HvTrxh2. Notably, both NTRs reduced Trx h at the acidic conditions residing in the starchy endosperm during germination. Interspecies reactions between the barley proteins and Escherichia coli Trx or Arabidopsis thaliana NTR, respectively, occurred with 20- to 90-fold weaker affinity. This first investigation of regulation and interactions between members of the NTR/Trx system in barley seed tissues suggests that different isoforms are differentially regulated but may have overlapping roles, with HvNTR2 and HvTrxh1 being the predominant isoforms in the aleurone layer. 相似文献
62.
Zahra Ansari Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar Nour-Ahmad Latifi 《Biocatalysis and Biotransformation》2017,35(6):434-441
An enzymatic reaction using glucose oxidase (GOx) was applied for continues production of hydrogen peroxide and organic acid in Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultures for use simultaneously in catalytic cycle of peroxidases. Decolorization efficiency of crystal violet (CV) as a model pollutant was investigated in 16 d old cultures which overproduced manganese peroxidase (MnP) in response to daily GOx addition and control cultures (i.e. no GOx was added). However, the ability of overproduced cultures in decolorization of CV was not increased significantly, through addition of GOx (300?U/L)?+?glucose (10?Mm) to the culture medium at the start of decolorization, the time needed to obtain 87?±?0.5% removal of CV was reduced 10.7-fold in compared with the control culture. The best GOx concentration in culture medium for more efficient decolorization was obtained to be 300?U/L. These findings indicated that GOx in the presence of glucose could increase the degradation of CV not only by inducing ligninolytic activity in cultures but also as a subsidiary source for in situ H2O2 and organic acid production for catalytic activity of peroxidases in P. chrysosporium cultures. 相似文献
63.
Microsatellite allele frequencies in humans and chimpanzees, with implications for constraints on allele size 总被引:24,自引:6,他引:18
The distributions of allele sizes at eight simple-sequence repeat (SSR) or
microsatellite loci in chimpanzees are found and compared with the
distributions previously obtained from several human populations. At
several loci, the differences in average allele size between chimpanzees
and humans are sufficiently small that there might be a constraint on the
evolution of average allele size. Furthermore, a model that allows for a
bias in the mutation process shows that for some loci a weak bias can
account for the observations. Several alleles at one of the loci (Mfd 59)
were sequenced. Differences between alleles of different lengths were found
to be more complex than previously assumed. An 8-base-pair deletion was
present in the nonvariable region of the chimpanzee locus. This locus
contains a previously unrecognized repeated region, which is imperfect in
humans and perfect in chimpanzees. The apparently greater opportunity for
mutation conferred by the two perfect repeat regions in chimpanzees is
reflected in the higher variance in repeat number at Mfd 59 in chimpanzees
than in humans. These data indicate that interspecific differences in
allele length are not always attributable to simple changes in the number
of repeats.
相似文献
64.
Monoclonal antibodies against chicken type V collagen: production, specificity, and use for immunocytochemical localization in embryonic cornea and other organs 总被引:23,自引:17,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
TF Linsenmayer JM Fitch TM Schmid Zak NB E Gibney RD Sanderson R Mayne 《The Journal of cell biology》1983,96(1):124-132
Two monoclonal antibodies have been produced against chick type V collagen and shown to be highly specific for separate, conformational dependent determinants within this molecule. When used for immunocytochemical tissue localization, these antibodies show that a major site for the in situ deposition of type V is within the extracellular matrices of many dense connective tissues. In these, however, it is largely in a form unavailable to the antibodies, thus requiring a specific “unmasking” treatment to obtain successful immunocytochemical staining. The specificity of these two IgG antibodies was determined by inhibition ELISA, in which only type V and no other known collagen shows inhibition. In ELISA, mixtures of the two antibodies give an additive binding reaction to the collagen, suggesting that each is against a different antigenic determinant. That both antigenic determinants are conformational dependent, being either in, or closely associated with, the collagen helix is demonstrated by the loss of antibody binding to molecules that have been thermally denatured. The temperature at which this occurs, as assayed by inhibition ELISA, is very similar to that at which the collagen helix melts, as determined by optical rotation. This gives strong additional evidence that the antibodies are directed against the collagen. The antibodies were used for indirect immunofluorescence analyses of cryostat sections of corneas and other organs from 17 to 18-day-old chick embryos. Of all tissues examined only Bowman’s membrane gave a strong staining reaction with cryostat sections of unfixed material. Staining in other areas of the cornea and in other tissues was very light or nonexistent. When, however, sections were pretreated with pepsin dissolved in dilute HAc or, surprisingly, with the dilute HAc itself dramatic new staining by the antibodies was observed in most tissues examined. The staining, which was specific for the anti-type V collagen antibodies, was largely confined to extracellular matrices of dense connective tissues. Experiments using protease inhibitors suggested that the “unmasking” did not involve proteolysis. We do not yet know the mechanism of this unmasking; however, one possibility is that the dilute acid causes swelling or conformational changes in a type-V collagen-containing supramolecular structure. Further studies should allow us to determine whether this is the case. 相似文献
65.
The Mls locus was originally defined to have four alleles; three controlled products that were detectable in primary mixed leukocyte reactions (MLR), whereas one, b, was described as being null. Recently, other investigators postulated that the Mls locus is nonpolymorphic, being composed of the b null allele and of a singly expressed allele previously thought to be the a and d alleles. We previously reported that products controlled by Mls
aand Mls
dwere antigenically distinct and therefore are not controlled by the same allele, and the product of Mls
bon cells of three different strains was easily detectable by Mls
aand Mls
dresponding cells. Thus the b allele is not null. In the present report evidence is presented which indicates that both Mls
band Mls
cencoded products were undetectable by MLR when in the presence of Mls
aor Mls
d. This was demonstrated by (a) the inability of Mls
a/Mls
cand Mls
a/Mls
bF1 cells to stimulate Mls
aresponding cells and Mls
d/Mls
cand Mls
d/Mls
bcells to stimulate Mls
dcells; (b) the positive response of Mls
a/Mls
band Mls
d/Mls
bF1-hybrid cells to Mls
b-encoded products; and (c) the reactivity of Mls
a/Mls
cand Mls
d/Mls
cF1 hybrid cells to Mls
c-encoded determinants. 相似文献
66.
M M Azar G Lucena 《Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)》1975,149(4):1048-1051
When mice are injected with deaggregated human gamma globulin (HGG), and HGG-tolerant state ordinarily is produced and persists despite subsequent challenges with an immunizing dose of HGG in saline or with an immunizing dose of HGG in Mycobacterium adjuvant. Subsequent administration of an immune elimination dose of radiolabeled HGG, at 27 days and 47 days does not break the tolerant state. Of special interest is the observation that when complete adjuvant containing increasing amounts of mycobacterial components was administered in conjunction with antigen very early in the tolerance induction phase 5 days after TID, it appears to prevent tolerance production. Mice challenged 5 and 17 days after the tolerance-inducing inoculation exhibit a statistically significant increase in circumvention of tolerance when compared with individuals challenged on the 7 and 17 day schedule. This increased circumvention of tolerance, as evidenced by 5 day challenge mice, seems to be related both to the mycobacterial content of the adjuvant and murine strain. 相似文献
67.
68.
69.
70.
Y Azar P Eidelsztein E Yefenof E Chriqui A Katz-Gross E Kedar S Z Ben-Sasson 《Cellular immunology》1981,65(1):194-200
Two ovalbumin (OVA)-specific helper lymphomas (designated ROT/6.1 and ROT/6.2) were established by transformation of enriched, OVA-immune T cells with the radiation leukemia virus (RadLV). Shortly after establishment these lymphomas provided carrier (OVA)-specific help for anti-hapten antibody response. However, 5 months later ROT/6.1 lost its OVA specificity and could augment anti-hapten antibody response in the presence of an unrelated carrier. ROT/6.2 retained its antigen-specific helper function over 10 months of repeated passaging. This OVA-specific helper line inhibited anti-hapten antibody response when given together with an unrelated carrier. Cloning of ROT/6.2 by limiting dilution revealed that only 3 of 10 clones tested had OVA-specific helper activity. None of the clones could induce antigen-specific DTH reaction. The interrelationship between the functional heterogenicity, specificity, and stability of the helper lines is discussed. 相似文献