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Mohd Nasir Hassan Muhamad Awang Theng Lee Chong Zulina Zakaria Lim Bee Lay Norjan Yusoff Hukil Sino 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》1999,4(4):188-190
This paper discusses the application of an LCt model for solid waste management systems in Malaysia. The model was used to
analyze the environmental and economic impacts of municipal waste management systems in Malaysia. In the first part of the
study, the LCI model was adapted to analyze waste management systems of four selected cities: Kuala Lumpur and Penang to represent
urban areas; Seremban to represent moderately urban areas and Muar to represent rural areas. The results have shown that Kuala
Lumpur and Penang had greater Global Warming Potential (GWP) and the costs spent on the solid waste management were also higher
as compared to that in suburban areas. In the second part of the study, a detailed evaluation was carried out by analyzing
the implication of introducing incineration and composting into the solid waste management system, and the results were compared
with the current system, i.e. 100 % landfilled. The relative GWP was lower for incineration, but the cost was extremely high.
The results also showed that the final solid waste to be disposed to landfills and the impact due to water emissions could
be reduced significantly when incineration and composting were introduced. 相似文献
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Kelantan State, claimed to be one of the poorest states in Malaysia, has forest lands, nature reserves and other protected natural areas which are under increasing threat from a variety of human activities. At the same time, the State government lacks financial resources and skilled manpower to manage the protected forest lands adequately. The present strategies to manage protected forest areas are inadequate to overcome these constraints. Alternative strategies are needed to conserve Kelantan's forest biodiversity. Furthermore, conservation efforts will not be effective without the active cooperation and participation of people living in and near the forest areas. To achieve this, it is essential that the people share the benefits and responsibilities of forest resource management with the state government.A proposal to involve the local people in an integrated action plan is discussed in this paper. It aims to find options of protecting forest land encroachment in the State with an ultimate goal of increasing the capacity of the poor to carry out activities on a sustained basis. It is hoped that the proposed project will help the State government to improve economic status as well as environmental awareness and reduced dependence on forest lands.Much of the forest lands in Kelantan are threatened by encroachment from the people who live around the forest areas. This encroachment is not only the result of poverty and shortage of land, but is also due to the unclear forest boundaries. People also do not understand the significance of forest biodiversity. It is important therefore that the local people are encouraged not to encroach into the forest areas. There has to be support from the top in order to sustain integration efforts. Both the State and the central government agencies must be a part of the planning and implementation process. The challenge becomes one of integrating the needs of the local people with development priorities of the government. In practical terms, this paper hopes to arrive at a workable methodology rather than be a purely scientific exercise which can serve as a model to the other states experiencing similar problems.Presented at the Asean Seminar on Management and Conservation of Biodiversity, 29 November–1 December 1993, Kuala Lumpur. 相似文献
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Although hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining of sectioned embryonic insect material is widely used, it is time-consuming and may not provide sufficient information. We evaluated new staining procedures for embryonic whole mounts of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella. We compared a combination of toluidine blue and rhodamine B (TB-RB) to H & E; we also investigated calcofluor white (CFW) staining. TB-RB staining produced staining similar to H & E. TB-RB staining was less time-consuming and improved visualization of the blastoderm and its differentiation into the germ disk and serosa membrane. CFW enhanced details of mitosis in nuclei post-fertilization and stained the primary serosal membrane. Staining of whole mounts with TB-RB and CFW enabled embryonic staging that was more rapid, convenient and effective than the routine approach using H & E and fluorescent probes. 相似文献
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Biotype and insecticide resistance status of Bemisia tabaci populations from Peninsular Malaysia 下载免费PDF全文
Bemisia tabaci, a resistance‐prone insect pest, is a cryptic species complex with important invasive biotypes such as B and Q. The biotype and resistance statuses of this pest in Malaysia remain unclear. This study assessed the biotype and resistance status of a number of contemporary populations of B. tabaci based on the mtCO1 marker and the dose‐response method, respectively. The Pahang (PHG) population was labelled as the Q biotype, while the remainder of the populations belonged to the Asia 1 biotype. A very low level of resistance for profenofos, cypermethrin, and imidacloprid was detected for all populations [resistance factor (RF) < 10]. Resistance to diafenthiuron ranged from very low to very high (RF > 100). All populations showed a very low level of resistance against pymetrozine except Q‐type PHG population, which exhibited a very high level of resistance. For most insecticides, the highest level of resistance was detected in the PHG population. The implications of these findings for better management of this noxious pest are discussed. 相似文献
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Shariff Wan Mohamad D. Mark Rayan Wong Chai Thiam Christopher Muhamad Hamirul Azlan Mohamed Ching Fong Lau Elangkumaran Sagtia Siwan 《Population Ecology》2015,57(3):495-503
The mainland clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) is classified as vulnerable under the IUCN Red List, meaning that it faces a high risk of extinction in the wild. However, hardly any ecological research has been published on this species apart from several radiotelemetry studies in Thailand and Nepal, and one camera-trapping study in India. Here we present findings on the clouded leopard from a camera-trapping study conducted in Temengor forest reserve (a logged-over forest) and Royal Belum State Park (a primary forest) within Peninsular Malaysia. Using the spatially-explicit capture-recapture method, the density from Temengor forest reserve and Royal Belum State Park was estimated at 3.46 ± SE 1.00 and 1.83 ± SE 0.61, respectively. Clouded leopard habitat use was found to be highly influenced by the availability of small and medium prey species and therefore intrinsically highlights the potential conservation importance of species such as pig-tailed macaques, porcupine, mouse deer and small carnivores. These findings provide the first estimates of density and habitat use of this species in a logged-primary forest from both Peninsular Malaysia and South East Asia. Our study provides important baseline information on clouded leopards and contributes to filling up the knowledge gap that exists in understanding the population ecology of this species, not only within Peninsular Malaysia, but also on a regional level. 相似文献
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Chun-Lai T Padyukov L Dhaliwal JS Lundström E Yahya A Muhamad NA Klareskog L Alfredsson L Larsson PT Murad S;Malaysian Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis 《PloS one》2011,6(6):e21069