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Robert Belknap Steve Weis Andrew Brookens Kit Yee Au-Yeung Greg Moon Lorenzo DiCarlo Randall Reves 《PloS one》2013,8(1)
Poor adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment hinders the individual’s recovery and threatens public health. Currently, directly observed therapy (DOT) is the standard of care; however, high sustaining costs limit its availability, creating a need for more practical adherence confirmation methods. Techniques such as video monitoring and devices to time-register the opening of pill bottles are unable to confirm actual medication ingestions. A novel approach developed by Proteus Digital Health, Inc. consists of an ingestible sensor and an on-body wearable sensor; together, they electronically confirm unique ingestions and record the date/time of the ingestion. A feasibility study using an early prototype was conducted in active TB patients to determine the system’s accuracy and safety in confirming co-ingestion of TB medications with sensors. Thirty patients completed 10 DOT visits and 1,080 co-ingestion events; the system showed 95.0% (95% CI 93.5–96.2%) positive detection accuracy, defined as the number of detected sensors divided by the number of transmission capable sensors administered. The specificity was 99.7% [95% CI 99.2–99.9%] based on three false signals recorded by receivers. The system’s identification accuracy, defined as the number of correctly identified ingestible sensors divided by the number of sensors detected, was 100%. Of 11 adverse events, four were deemed related or possibly related to the device; three mild skin rashes and one complaint of nausea. The system’s positive detection accuracy was not affected by the subjects’ Body Mass Index (p = 0.7309). Study results suggest the system is capable of correctly identifying ingestible sensors with high accuracy, poses a low risk to users, and may have high patient acceptance. The system has the potential to confirm medication specific treatment compliance on a dose-by-dose basis. When coupled with mobile technology, the system could allow wirelessly observed therapy (WOT) for monitoring TB treatment as a replacement for DOT. 相似文献
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Prostaglandin F (PGF) levels in endometriotic tissue in vitro have been shown to be higher than the levels in healthy ovarian tissue and uterine endometrium. The results of a study of nine women with endometriosis support this finding and suggest that prostaglandins have an important role in the pathogenesis of the symptoms and infertility in such women. 相似文献
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Yang-Ji Kim Da-Hye Lee Jiyun Ahn Woo-Jae Chung Young Jin Jang Ki-Seung Seong Jae-Hak Moon Tae Youl Ha Chang Hwa Jung 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
Allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) is an organosulfur phytochemical found in abundance in common cruciferous vegetables such as mustard, wasabi, and cabbage. Although AITC is metabolized primarily through the mercapturic acid pathway, its exact pharmacokinetics remains undefined and the biological function of AITC metabolites is still largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of AITC metabolites on lipid accumulation in vitro and elucidated the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of AITC metabolites in rats. We found that AITC metabolites generally conjugate with glutathione (GSH) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and are distributed in most organs and tissues. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed a rapid uptake and complete metabolism of AITC following oral administration to rats. Although AITC has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor activity in bladder cancer, the potential bioactivity of its metabolites has not been explored. We found that GSH-AITC and NAC-AITC effectively inhibit adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and suppress expression of PPAR-γ, C/EBPα, and FAS, which are up-regulated during adipogenesis. GSH-AITC and NAC-AITC also suppressed oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation and lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Our findings suggest that AITC is almost completely metabolized in the liver and rapidly excreted in urine through the mercapturic acid pathway following administration in rats. AITC metabolites may exert anti-obesity effects through suppression of adipogenesis or lipogenesis. 相似文献
998.
Regulation of hypoxia responses by flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent modulation of HIF-1α protein stability 下载免费PDF全文
999.
Purification and characterization of a novel anticancer peptide derived from Ruditapes philippinarum
Eun-Kyung Kim Yon-Suk Kim Jin-Woo Hwang Jung Suck Lee Sang-Ho Moon Byong-Tae Jeon Pyo-Jam Park 《Process Biochemistry》2013,48(7):1086-1090
The aim of this study was to purify a novel peptide from Ruditapes philippinarum and investigate its anticancer activities. For the aim, eight proteases were applied for enzymatic hydrolysis. α-Chymotrypsin hydrolyzates, which showed clearly superior cytotoxicity activity on prostate cancer cells, were further purified using a flow filtration system and consecutive chromatographic methods. Finally, a novel anticancer peptide was purified, and the sequence was identified as Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Asp-Lys-Gln-Cys-Pro-Asp at N-terminal. The peptide from R. philippinarum effectively induced apoptosis on prostate, breast and lung cancer cells but not on normal liver cells. This is the first report of an anticancer peptide purified from the hydrolyzates of R. philippinarum. 相似文献
1000.
Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for chicken major histocompatibility complex class II molecules 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the B complex, is being intensively analysed at the DNA level. To further probe the molecular structure of chicken MHC class II genes, cDNA clones coding for chicken MHC class II (B-L) p chain molecules were isolated from an inbred G-B2 Leghorn chicken spleen and liver. Twenty-nine cDNA clones were isolated from the spleen and eight cDNA clones were isolated from the liver. Based on restriction maps, most clones could be clustered into one family of genes. Four cDNA clones were sequenced (S7, S10 and S19 from the spleen and L1, which was identical to S19, from the liver). Complete amino acid sequences of B-Lβ chain molecules were predicted from the nucleotide sequences of the cDNA clones. Although both the nature and the location of the conserved residues were similar in chicken and mammalian sequences, some species-specific differences were found, suggesting that the structures of the B-L molecules of this haplotype are similar, but not identical, to their mammalian counterparts. 相似文献