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81.
Manganese-induced salt stress tolerance in rice seedlings: regulation of ion homeostasis,antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Anisur Rahman Md. Shahadat Hossain Jubayer-Al Mahmud Kamrun Nahar Mirza Hasanuzzaman Masayuki Fujita 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2016,22(3):291-306
Hydroponically grown 12-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan47) seedlings were exposed to 150 mM NaCl alone and combined with 0.5 mM MnSO4. Salt stress resulted in disruption of ion homeostasis by Na+ influx and K+ efflux. Higher accumulation of Na+ and water imbalance under salinity caused osmotic stress, chlorosis, and growth inhibition. Salt-induced ionic toxicity and osmotic stress consequently resulted in oxidative stress by disrupting the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG), respectively. The salt-induced damage increased with the increasing duration of stress. However, exogenous application of manganese (Mn) helped the plants to partially recover from the inhibited growth and chlorosis by improving ionic and osmotic homeostasis through decreasing Na+ influx and increasing water status, respectively. Exogenous application of Mn increased ROS detoxification by increasing the content of the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and ascorbate (AsA), and increasing the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the salt-treated seedlings. Supplemental Mn also reinforced MG detoxification by increasing the activities of glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) in the salt-affected seedlings. Thus, exogenous application of Mn conferred salt-stress tolerance through the coordinated action of ion homeostasis and the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in the salt-affected seedlings. 相似文献
82.
The production of benzophenanthridine alkaloids (sanguinarine, chelerythrine and macarpine) in cells of Eschscholtzia californica is enhanced by sodium alginate and by entrapment in Ca2+-alginate. Tyrosine decarboxylase, a key enzyme of alkaloid biosynthesis, is induced by the treatments. Alginate- entrapped cells are elicited over an extended period of time which leads to increased alkaloid biosynthesis (up to 800-fold enhancement). A major portion of alkaloids produced are released into the growth medium. 相似文献
83.
Point mutations in the DNA binding domain of p53 contribute to glioma progression and poor prognosis
TP53 mutations play a significant role in glioma tumorigenesis. When located in in the DNA binding domain, these mutations can perturb p53 protein conformation and its function, often culminating in altered downstream signaling. Here we describe prevalent pattern of TP53 point mutations in a cohort of 40 glioma patients and show their relevance to gliomagenesis. Point mutations in exon 5–9 of TP53 gene were detected by DNA sequencing. Possible influence of identified mutations at the function of p53 was studied computationally and correlated with the survival. Point mutations in TP53 were detected in 10 glioma samples (25%), out of which 70% were from high grade glioma. A total of 19 TP53 point mutations were identified, out of which 42% were found to be in the DNA binding region of p53. Computational analysis predicted 87.5% of these mutations to be “probably damaging”. In three patients with tumors possessing point mutations R273H, R248Q, Y163H and R175H and poor survival times, structural analysis revealed the nature of these mutations to be disruptive and associated with high risk for cancer progression. In high grade glioma, recurrent TP53 point mutations may be the key to tumor progression, thus, emphasizing their significance in gliomagenesis. 相似文献
84.
Miroshnyk I Mirza S Zorky PM Heinämäki J Yli-Kauhaluoma J Yliruusi J 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2008,16(1):232-239
Quantitative analysis of the molecular conformations of the 14-membered macrolide antibiotics erythromycin A and B, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin in the solid state was performed. While the erythronolide macrocycle adopts a very similar folded-out conformation in all the macrolides studied, the proximity of the monosaccharide moieties, L-cladinose and D-desosamine, to each other is demonstrated to be the distinctive feature of their molecular conformations, based on atom-atom interaction energy analysis. More surprisingly, the common features in the relative orientation of the monosaccharide moieties (in terms of non-bonded atom-atom interactions) were revealed between the 14- and 15-membered (azithromycin) macrolide antibiotics. Herein we report on the details of the spatial arrangement of the monosaccharide moieties in these structurally related drug molecules and their influence on the biopharmaceutical properties of erythromycin derivatives. 相似文献
85.
Hussain I Yawer MA Lalk M Lindequist U Villinger A Fischer C Langer P 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2008,16(23):9898-9903
Hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with arylsulfonylcyanides afforded a variety of 4-hydroxy-2-(arylsulfonyl)pyridines. Several derivatives show antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. 相似文献
86.
Malai Haniti S.A. Hamid Aminul Huq Mirza Boujemaa Moubaraki 《Inorganica chimica acta》2009,362(10):3648-41
New copper(II) complexes of general empirical formula, [Cu(NNS)X] (NNS = anionic forms of the 2-acetylpyrazine Schiff bases of S-methyl- and S-benzyldithiocarbazate, Hapsme and Hapsbz) and X = Cl−, Br−, NCS− and NO3− have been synthesized and characterized. X-ray crystal structures of the free ligand, Hapsbz and the complexes, [Cu(apsbz)(NO3)]∞, [Cu(apsme)(NCS)]2 and [Cu(apsme)Cl]2 have been determined. In the solid state, the Schiff base, Hapsbz remains in its thione tautomeric form with the thione sulfur atom trans to the azomethine nitrogen atom. X-ray diffraction shows that the [Cu(apsbz)(NO3)]∞ complex is a novel coordination polymer in which one of the nitrogen atoms of the pyrazine ring bridges two adjacent copper(II) ions. The Schiff base is coordinated to the copper(II) ion in its iminothiolate form via the thiolate sulfur atom, the azomethine nitrogen atom and one of the pyrazine nitrogen atoms, the overall geometry of each copper atom in the polymer being close to a square-pyramid. The complexes, [Cu(apsme)X]2 (X = NCS−, Cl−) are dimers in which each copper atom adopts a five-coordinate near square-pyramidal geometry with an N3S2 coordination environment. The Schiff base coordinates as a uninegatively charged tridentate ligand chelating via the pyridine and azomethine nitrogen atoms and the thiolate sulfur atoms. A nitrogen atom of a unidentate thiocayanate or chloride ligand and a bridging sulfur atom from a second ligand completes the coordination sphere. Room temperature μeff values for the complexes in the solid state are in the range 1.70-2.0 μB typical of uncoupled or weakly coupled Cu(II) centres. Variable temperature susceptibility studies show that the chain complex displays weak ferromagnetic coupling across the pyrazine bridges, while the S-bridged dinuclear compounds display either weak ferromagnetic or weak antiferromagnetic coupling that relates to subtle bridging geometry differences. EPR studies of frozen DMF solutions give rather similar g and ACu values for all compounds indicative of Cu(dx2-y2) ground state orbitals on the Cu centers. 相似文献
87.
88.
Florin Ioras Ioan Vasile Abrudan Mirza Dautbasic Mersudin Avdibegovic Dan Gurean J. Ratnasingam 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2009,18(13):3395-3406
This paper analyses the conservation gains through High Conservation Value Forest (HCVF) assessments in two South-East European
countries (Bosnia-Herzegovina and Romania). These are based on the review of the Draft Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) National
Standards and HCVF Manuals and the results of the certification process of seven forest management units in the two countries.
The review indicates that the application of Principle 9 (High Conservation Value Forests) and Criterion 6.4 of the FSC in
Bosnia-Herzegovina and Romania was influenced by the size and nature of tenure (i.e., public or non-public land), rather than
geographic location per se. The study also revealed that the assessment of HCVF has, for the first time, raised the question
of conservation of cultural, historical and religious values as well as the sustainable management of those forests relevant
for the basic needs of communities. These are values not currently covered at the present by the national conservation legislation
in either of these two countries. Findings of this study in both countries demonstrates that there are certain conservation
gains as a result of the HCVF assessment, especially related to ecosystem services, prevention of soil erosion and conservation
of threatened, endangered and endemic species. 相似文献
89.
90.
Metal/metalloid stress tolerance in plants: role of ascorbate,its redox couple,and associated enzymes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Naser A. Anjum Sarvajeet S. Gill Ritu Gill Mirza Hasanuzzaman Armando C. Duarte Eduarda Pereira Iqbal Ahmad Renu Tuteja Narendra Tuteja 《Protoplasma》2014,251(6):1265-1283
The enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under metal/metalloid stress is most common in plants, and the elevated ROS must be successfully metabolized in order to maintain plant growth, development, and productivity. Ascorbate (AsA) is a highly abundant metabolite and a water-soluble antioxidant, which besides positively influencing various aspects in plants acts also as an enigmatic component of plant defense armory. As a significant component of the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) pathway, it performs multiple vital functions in plants including growth and development by either directly or indirectly metabolizing ROS and its products. Enzymes such as monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1) maintain the reduced form of AsA pool besides metabolically controlling the ratio of AsA with its oxidized form (dehydroascorbate, DHA). Ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) utilizes the reduced AsA pool as the specific electron donor during ROS metabolism. Thus, AsA, its redox couple (AsA/DHA), and related enzymes (MDHAR, DHAR, and APX) cumulatively form an AsA redox system to efficiently protect plants particularly against potential anomalies caused by ROS and its products. Here we present a critical assessment of the recent research reports available on metal/metalloid-accrued modulation of reduced AsA pool, AsA/DHA redox couple and AsA-related major enzymes, and the cumulative significance of these antioxidant system components in plant metal/metalloid stress tolerance. 相似文献