全文获取类型
收费全文 | 90篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 4篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 4篇 |
2006年 | 3篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有92条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
61.
Auxin pulse treatment holds the potential to enhance efficiency and practicability of somatic embryogenesis in potato 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The objective of the current study was to simplify existing somatic embryogenesis systems in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Desiree. The project targeted the agar-based induction phase of the potato somatic embryogenesis process as the key
area for improvement. Experiments were established to ascertain the effect of a 2,4-D (2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) pulse,
applied to the primary internodal section explant source and its subsequent effect on embryo induction. Parameters tested
were the duration of the auxin pulse in a range from 0 to 300 min, and the concentrations of 2,4-D applied, in a range from
0 to 5,120 μM. The mean number of somatic embryos formed per explant was recorded after 4 and 8 weeks culture. Our findings
indicated that the somatic embryogenesis in potato internodal segments could be evoked by an auxin (2,4-D) pulse treatment
over a wide concentration and duration range. The results further suggested that a simple 20 μM 2,4-D pulse treatment could
replace a lengthy 2 week induction phase in potato somatic embryogenesis and thus improve the system’s practicability for
wider uptake. 相似文献
62.
Heather A Harrington Kenneth L Ho Samik Ghosh KC Tung 《Theoretical biology & medical modelling》2008,5(1):26
Background
A key physiological mechanism employed by multicellular organisms is apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Apoptosis is triggered by the activation of caspases in response to both extracellular (extrinsic) and intracellular (intrinsic) signals. The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways are characterized by the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and the apoptosome, respectively; both the DISC and the apoptosome are oligomers with complex formation dynamics. Additionally, the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways are coupled through the mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel via the Bcl-2 family of proteins. 相似文献63.
Background
Gα16 can activate phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ) directly like Gαq. It also couples to tetratricopeptide repeat 1 (TPR1) which is linked to Ras activation. It is unknown whether PLCβ and TPR1 interact with the same regions on Gα16. Previous studies on Gαq have defined two minimal clusters of amino acids that are essential for the coupling to PLCβ. Cognate residues in Gα16 might also be essential for interacting with PLCβ, and possibly contribute to TPR1 interaction and other signaling events.Results
Alanine mutations were introduced to the two amino acid clusters (246–248 and 259–260) in the switch III region and α3 helix of Gα16. Regulations of PLCβ and STAT3 were partially weakened by each cluster mutant. A mutant harboring mutations at both clusters generally produced stronger suppressions. Activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by Gα16 was completely abolished by mutating either clusters. Contrastingly, phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were not significantly affected by these mutations. The interactions between the mutants and PLCβ2 and TPR1 were also reduced in co-immunoprecipitation assays. Coupling between G16 and different categories of receptors was impaired by the mutations, with the effect of switch III mutations being more pronounced than those in the α3 helix. Mutations of both clusters almost completely abolished the receptor coupling and prevent receptor-induced Gβγ release.Conclusion
The integrity of the switch III region and α3 helix of Gα16 is critical for the activation of PLCβ, STAT3, and JNK but not ERK or NF-κB. Binding of Gα16 to PLCβ2 or TPR1 was reduced by the mutations of either cluster. The same region could also differentially affect the effectiveness of receptor coupling to G16. The studied region was shown to bear multiple functionally important roles of G16. 相似文献64.
Ribosomal RNA genes were exploited as markers to identify somatic hybrids between Solanum tuberosum cv. Brodick and wild diploid Solanum species, S. megistacrolobum, S. sanctae-rosae and S. sparsipilum and DNA methylation as a possible regulatory factor in gene expression was investigated. Specific restriction enzyme/probe combinations revealed useful polymorphisms in the conserved coding and variable intergenic spacer regions of the ribosomal RNA genes. Some intermediate ribosomal RNA gene profiles indicate hybridity whereas others were characteristic of S. tuberosum cv. Brodick. This evidence is suggestive of somatic exchange/re-arrangement between the NOR region of S. sanctae-rosae and S. tuberosum cv. Brodick. Ribosomal RNA gene copy number analysis of the somatic hybrids did not reveal hexaploid values suggesting that these products are not symmetric hybrids derived from the parental diploid and tetraploid plants. The results indicate site-specific methylation of ribosomal RNA gene sequences for the parental plants; while some somatic hybrids display a reduction, others show an increase. The significance of the findings for somatic cell genetics and plant breeding studies is discussed. 相似文献
65.
JoHsi Huang Hannah KC Co YiChen Lee ChiaChou Wu Shenghong Chen 《Molecular systems biology》2021,17(10)
Cells metabolize nutrients through a complex metabolic and signaling network that governs redox homeostasis. At the core of this, redox regulatory network is a mutually inhibitory relationship between reduced glutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS)—two opposing metabolites that are linked to upstream nutrient metabolic pathways (glucose, cysteine, and glutamine) and downstream feedback loops of signaling pathways (calcium and NADPH oxidase). We developed a nutrient‐redox model of human cells to understand system‐level properties of this network. Combining in silico modeling and ROS measurements in individual cells, we show that ROS dynamics follow a switch‐like, all‐or‐none response upon glucose deprivation at a threshold that is approximately two orders of magnitude lower than its physiological concentration. We also confirm that this ROS switch can be irreversible and exhibits hysteresis, a hallmark of bistability. Our findings evidence that bistability modulates redox homeostasis in human cells and provide a general framework for quantitative investigations of redox regulation in humans. 相似文献
66.
Tameness in parrots is often achieved by artificial rearing, in which chicks are typically removed from parents, fed a liquified or semi‐liquified diet by oral gavage and maintained in thermally controlled brooders until they are grown. As an alternate means of rearing birds, we tested whether occasional neonatal human handling of parent‐reared chicks might produce tameness while reducing the risk of sexual imprinting on humans. Orange‐winged Amazon chicks (Amazona amazonica) were incubated and hatched by wild‐caught parents, then were temporarily removed from the nest box, and handled at various times during the nestling period. In Trial 1, handled chicks (n = 6) were handled from days 10 to 39 of age for 10–20 min/day and from 40 days to fledging (days 56–/57) for 20–30 min/day. Nonhandled chicks (n = 4) were handled only to record body weight and provide medication, as needed. After fledging, chicks were evaluated for tameness, e.g., by their willingness to approach the handler, perch on a finger, be touched on the head, and by their respiratory rate in the presence of the handler. Handled birds differed significantly in all indices of tameness. In Trial 2, handled chicks were handled for 30 min, four times/week either from days 15 to 36 (n = 3) or 35 to 56 (n = 3); results were similar to Trial 1. Chicks handled later tended to be slightly tamer than those handled earlier. In both trials, the amount of time that handled chicks were in contact with humans was less than 2% of the time they spent with conspecifics. It is therefore unlikely that these chicks imprinted either filially or sexually on humans, although this has not been experimentally tested. While continued handling is likely necessary to maintain tameness, these results support the concept that neonatal handling of parent‐raised parrots provides a low‐labor and low‐technology alternative to artificial rearing as a means of initially taming birds, thereby improving their adaptation to life in captivity. Zoo Biol 18:177–187, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
67.
68.
Gene transfer systems have proved effective for the transformation of a range of organisms for both fundamental and applied
studies. Biolistic transformation is a powerful method for the gene transfer into various organisms and tissues that have
proved recalcitrant to more conventional means. For fungi, the biolistic approach is particularly effective where protoplasts
are difficult to obtain and/or the organisms are difficult to culture. This is particularly applicable to arbuscular mycorrhizal
(AM) fungi, being as they are obligate symbionts that can only be propagated in association with intact plants or root explants.
Furthermore, these fungi are aseptate and protoplasts cannot be released. Recent advancements in gene transformation systems
have enabled the use of biolistic technology to introduce foreign DNA linked to molecular markers into these fungi. In this
review we discuss the development of transformation strategies for AM fungi by biolistics and highlight the areas of this
technology which require further development for the stable transformation of these elusive organisms. 相似文献
69.
Sudhamshu KC Holly Murphy Sameer Dixit Apurva Rai Bickram Pradhan Marie Lagrange-Xelot Niyanta Karki Amlie Dureault Ujjwal Karmacharya Santosh Panthi Nabin Tulachan Prawchan KC Anjay KC Rajesh Rajbhandari Andrew B. Trotter Jrg Glz Pierre Pradat Christian Trpo Philippe Creac'H 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2020,14(12)
BackgroundDespite direct-acting antivirals (DAA), aims to “eradicate” viral hepatitis by 2030 remain unlikely. In Nepal, an expert consortium was established to treat HCV through Nepal earthquakes aftermath offering a model for HCV treatment expansion in a resource-poor setting.Methodology/Principal findingsIn 2015, we established a network of hepatologists, laboratory experts, and community-based leaders at 6 Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST) sites from 4 cities in Nepal screening 838 patients for a treatment cohort of 600 individuals with HCV infection and past or current drug use. During phase 1, patients were treated with interferon-based regimens (n = 46). During phase 2, 135 patients with optimal predictors (HIV controlled, without cirrhosis, low baseline HCV viral load) were treated with DAA-based regimens. During phase 3, IFN-free DAA treatment was expanded, regardless of HCV disease severity, HIV viremia or drug use. Sustained virologic response (SVR) was assessed at 12 weeks.Median age was 37 years and 95.5% were males. HCV genotype was 3 (53.2%) or 1a (40.7%) and 32% had cirrhosis; 42.5% were HIV-HCV coinfected. The intention-to-treat (ITT) SVR rates in phase 2 and 3 were 97% and 81%, respectively. The overall per-protocol and ITT SVR rates were 97% and 85%, respectively. By multivariable analysis, treatment at the Kathmandu site was protective and substance use, treatment during phase 3 were associated with failure to achieve SVR.Conclusions/SignificanceVery high SVR rates may be achieved in a difficult-to-treat, low-income population whatever the patient’s profile and disease severity. The excellent treatment outcomes observed in this real-life community study should prompt further HCV treatment initiatives in Nepal. 相似文献
70.