盾叶薯蓣地上部分的三个新甾体皂甙

从盾叶薯蓣Dioscorea zingiberensis Wright地上部分分离鉴定了四个甾体皂甙,经鉴定甙A为约莫皂甙元-3-O-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙;甙B为24α-羟基约莫皂甙元-3-O-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)]β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙;甙C为约莫皂甙元-3-O-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)][β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→4)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基;甙D为约莫皂甙元-3-O-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)][β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→3)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙。前三者为新化合物,分别命名为盾叶皂甙A_1、A_2、A_3(zingiberoside A_1、A_2、A_3),其中盾叶皂甙A_2的甙元为一新甾体皂甙元,命名为盾叶皂甙元(zingiberogenin)。     

Epidermal growth factor and insulin stimulate nuclear pore-mediated macromolecular transport in isolated rat liver nuclei

Fluorescence photobleaching was used to measure the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, and glucagon on the nuclear transport of fluorescent-labeled dextrans across the nuclear pore complex. EGF and insulin were found to stimulate transport approximately 200%, while boiling these polypeptide growth factors greatly diminished this enhancement activity. Glucagon demonstrated no enhancement effect. The nuclear transport enhancement effects were observed at EGF and insulin concentrations that elicit the various physiological responses, e.g., nanomolar range.     

我国某些常见化石硅藻的环境分析

本文详细研究了中国海表层沉积物中的常见化石硅藻,结果表明,这些种的分布范围及数量变化随环境的不同而变化。因此,根据柱状样品中这些种类数量的变化,能够推断古气候变化,恢复古地理环境,再现海平面波动历程,进而划分、对比第四系地层。     

四川大头茶净光合作用生理生态的初步研究

为了探讨重要生理生态因子在自然条件下对四川大头茶净光合作用(p_n)的影响,本文采用改良半叶法测定净光合作用的日变化和年变化。结果表明:春夏秋三季晴天p_n日变化呈双峰曲线型,即上,下午各出现一次P_n高峰,蜂谷则是P_n中午降低现象。冬季晴天P_n呈单峰曲线型。5月至11月P_n平均值为9.00mg·dm~(-2)·h~(-1)最高值23.44mg·dm~(-2)·h~(-1)出现在8月底。 一定程度上,P_n年变化曲线与温度年变化曲线相似,可以明显地区分为三部分。第一部分是从1月至5月,P_n随着温度的逐步上升而逐步升高。5月至10月为第二部分,此间P_n波动较大。10月至12月为第三部分,P_n随着逐步下降的温度而逐步降低。P_n季节变化显著,与植物生长、发育节奏相关。 温度和光照强度是影响P_n最重要的生态因子,相对湿度,叶绿素含量和SLW对P_n影响不大。温度与P_n呈一不对称钟形曲线,P_n的最低温度是4—5℃,最适温度是25—30℃,或稍高于30℃,最高温度则大于30℃。P_n的光饱和点在70,000lx左右,光补偿点约为3,000lx.在最适温度(25—30℃)范围内,P_n主要由光强所控制,并与光强呈正相关,一旦低于或超过最适温度,P_n则主要由温度所决定,与温度呈正相关。 遮阴实验表明,四川大头茶是具相当耐阴能力的阳性植物。     

Ionizing-radiation-induced damage in the DNA of cultured human cells. Identification of 8,5-cyclo-2-deoxyguanosine.

Epstein-Barr-virus-transformed peripheral-blood B-lymphocytes were gamma-irradiated at 0 degree C at doses from 10 to 100 Gy. The cells were immediately lysed and the DNA was isolated. Subsequently, the DNA was hydrolysed to 2'-deoxyribonucleosides with a mixture of DNAase I, venom and spleen exonucleases and alkaline phosphatase. The hydrolysate was dried, trimethylsilylated and analysed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring. The (5'R)- and (5'S)-diastereomers of 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine were observed in a ratio of 1:3, and their formation was dose-dependent. It was possible to detect and characterize one such lesion in approx. 4 X 10(4) guanine nucleotide subunits of DNA.     

长滩果引种驯化研究

长滩果系罗汉果最佳品种。原产区分布于永福和临桂县交界400—600米山区,但不适应于低丘陵和平原地区,因而不能在低丘陵和平原地区推广。为了解决这个问题。采用了(1)选择湿润和半阴的生长环境;(2)采用适应性强的砧木;(3)促成栽培;(4)加强秋旱期的科学管理等措施并取得成功,试验结果表明长滩果产量和品质达到或略超过原产区水平。     

Mitotic reversion in prophase of PTK1 cells induced by argon laser microirradiation

In this paper, we report the effects of laser microirradiation of prophase nucleoli and mitotic chromosomes in cells of female rat kangaroo kidney epithelial cell line PTK1. When the laser power delivered to sample surface was 90-190 mW, irradiation of one of the two nucleoli in the prophase cell did not inhibit the mitotic progress, but resulted in the loss of the irradiated nucleolus in daughter cells. When the laser power was increased to 360-420 mW, either irradiation of the nucleolus or chromosome in midprophase caused a blockage of mitosis at terminal midprophase. The irradiated cells returned morphologically to early prophase. No mitotic reversion occurred in the case of irradiation of chromosomes at late prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, and anaphase. Irradiation of the cytoplasm in prophase cells caused a 50-70 min mitotic delay at prophase. However, the irradiated cells underwent successive mitotic divisions. The mechanism of laser-induced mitotic prophase reversion is discussed.     

Isolation of a novel 38 residue-hypothalamic polypeptide which stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells

A novel neuropeptide which stimulates adenylate cyclase in rat anterior pituitary cell cultures was isolated from ovine hypothalamic tissues. Its amino acid sequence was revealed as: His-Ser-Asp-Gly-Ile-Phe-Thr-Asp-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Gln- Met-Ala- Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Ala-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Arg-Tyr-Lys-Gln-Arg-Val-Lys-Asn-Lys - NH2. The N-terminal sequence shows 68% homology with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) but its adenylate cyclase stimulating activity was at least 1000 times greater than that of VIP. It increased release of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), corticotropin (ACTH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from superfused rat pituitary cells at as small a dose as 10(-10)M (GH, PRL, ACTH) or 10(-9)M (LH). Whether these hypophysiotropic effects are the primary actions of the peptide or what physiological action in the pituitary is linked with the stimulation of adenylate cyclase by this peptide remains to be determined.     

Differential susceptibility of type III erythrocytes of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria to lysis mediated by complement and perforin

Previous reports have suggested that a 65 kDa membrane protein, termed homologous restriction factor (HRF), in addition to protecting erythrocytes (E) against lysis by homologous complement (C), may also be involved in protecting cytolytic lymphocytes against lysis mediated by a pore-forming protein (PFP/perforin), one of their own lytic mediators. Here, we used HRF-deficient type III E of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) to study their susceptibility to lysis mediated by homologous C and perforin, and compared it with lysis of HRF-bearing control or PNH type I E. We show that type III E of PNH patients are indeed more susceptible to lysis mediated by homologous C than control or type I E, but they are as susceptible to perforin-mediated lysis as type I E. In addition, all human E (type I or III) tested here are equally susceptible to lysis mediated by either human (homologous) or murine (heterologous) perforin. By immunoblot analysis, we confirm that type III E, in contrast to type I E, were deficient in the 65 kDa HRF. These results support the notion that homologous species restriction is seen in the C- but not in the lymphocyte perforin-system and argue against an active participation of HRF in protecting cells from perforin-mediated lysis.     

传入C纤维的兴奋在中电针“足三里”激活中缝大核中的作用

The purpose of the present work is to study whether the analgesia of "Zusanli" EA was mainly produced by its noxious effect. The antidromic C waves on N. peroneus communis innervating the area of "Zusanli" point were recorded. When "Zusanli" point was stimulated by trains of stimuli, the amplitude of the antidromic C wave was obviously decreased due to collision with the orthodromic stimulation. It was suggested that EA of "Zusanli" could excite some C fibers. It was observed that when the stimulation intensity reached the threshold of C fiber, the NRM neurons were obviously activated, and when it reached or exceeded the intensity for producing the maximal C wave, the NRM neurons were highly activated. Therefore, EA analgesia is probably produced mainly by its noxious stimulus component, especially carried by C fibers, via a negative feedback mechanism in modulating pain.