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71.
John N. Freskos Bethel Asmelash Kimberly R. Gaston Amol Karwa Tim A. Marzan Maureen A. Nickols Thomas E. Rogers Tasha Schoenstein Carolyn J. Sympson Bich Vu 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(20):5566-5570
We describe the synthesis, MMP-2 and 9 potency, and in vitro evaluation of a series of α-sulfone hydroxmate MMP inhibitors conjugated to a series of dyes with different absorption/emission lamina maxima’s that can be used to visualize tumors. 相似文献
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Maureen Craig Adam Y. Sadik Yekaterina A. Golubeva Avital Tidhar James M. Slauch 《Molecular microbiology》2013,89(5):887-902
The twin‐arginine translocation system (Tat) transports folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane and is critical to virulence in Salmonella and other pathogens. Experimental and bioinformatic data indicate that 30 proteins are exported via Tat in Salmonella Typhimurium. However, there are no data linking specific Tat substrates with virulence. We inactivated every Tat‐exported protein and determined the virulence phenotype of mutant strains. Although a tat mutant is highly attenuated, no single Tat‐exported substrate accounts for this virulence phenotype. Rather, the attenuation is due primarily to envelope defects caused by failure to translocate three Tat substrates, the N‐acetylmuramoyl‐l ‐alanine amidases, AmiA and AmiC, and the cell division protein, SufI. Strikingly, neither the amiA amiC nor the sufI mutations alone conferred any virulence defect. Although AmiC and SufI have previously been localized to the divisome, the synthetic phenotypes observed are the first to suggest functional overlap. Many Tat substrates are involved in anaerobic respiration, but we show that a mutant completely deficient in anaerobic respiration retains full virulence in both the oral and systemic phases of infection. Similarly, an obligately aerobic mutant is fully virulent. These results suggest that in the classic mouse model of infection, S. Typhimurium is replicating only in aerobic environments. 相似文献
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Sarah J. Marzi Emma L. Meaburn Emma L. Dempster Katie Lunnon Jose L. Paya-Cano Rebecca G. Smith 《Epigenetics》2016,11(1):24-35
While DNA methylation is usually thought to be symmetrical across both alleles, there are some notable exceptions. Genomic imprinting and X chromosome inactivation are two well-studied sources of allele-specific methylation (ASM), but recent research has indicated a more complex pattern in which genotypic variation can be associated with allelically-skewed DNA methylation in cis. Given the known heterogeneity of DNA methylation across tissues and cell types we explored inter- and intra-individual variation in ASM across several regions of the human brain and whole blood from multiple individuals. Consistent with previous studies, we find widespread ASM with > 4% of the ~220,000 loci interrogated showing evidence of allelically-skewed DNA methylation. We identify ASM flanking known imprinted regions, and show that ASM sites are enriched in DNase I hypersensitivity sites and often located in an extended genomic context of intermediate DNA methylation. We also detect examples of genotype-driven ASM, some of which are tissue-specific. These findings contribute to our understanding of the nature of differential DNA methylation across tissues and have important implications for genetic studies of complex disease. As a resource to the community, ASM patterns across each of the tissues studied are available in a searchable online database: http://epigenetics.essex.ac.uk/ASMBrainBlood. 相似文献
75.
Robert L. Clark Maureen Youreneff Anthony M. DeLise 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2016,107(6):243-257
The combination of artemether plus lumefantrine is a type of artemisinin‐based combination therapy (ACT) recommended by the World Health Organization for uncomplicated falciparum malaria except in the first trimester of pregnancy. The first trimester restriction was based on the marked embryotoxicity in animals (including embryo death and cardiac and skeletal malformations) of artemisinins such as artesunate, dihydroartemisinin, and artemether. Before recommending ACTs for use in the first trimester, the World Health Organization has requested that all information relevant to the assessment of risk of ACTs to the embryo be made available to the public. This report describes the results of embryo‐fetal development studies of artemether alone, lumefantrine alone, and the combination in rats and rabbits as well as toxicokinetic studies of lumefantrine in pregnant rabbits. The developmental no‐effect levels for lumefantrine were 300 mg/kg/day in rats (based on a 25% decrease in litter size at 1000 mg/kg/day) and 1000 mg/kg/day in rabbits. The calculated safety margins based on human equivalent dose and plasma Cmax and AUC values were in the range of 2.5‐ to 17‐fold. The developmental no‐effect levels for artemether were 3 mg/kg/day in rats and 25 mg/kg/day in rabbits. Lumefantrine caused no teratogenicity and was not a potent embryotoxin in rats and rabbits. Expected artemisinin‐like findings were seen with artemether alone and with artemether/lumefantrine combined except that no malformations were observed. There were no findings in pregnant rats and rabbits that would cause increased concern for the use of artemether–lumefantrine in the first trimester compared to other ACTs. 相似文献
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Lirong Li Jin Sun Shufang Xia Xu Tian Maureen Jepkorir Cheserek Guowei Le 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2016,100(7):3245-3253
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Reza?Yousefi-NooraieEmail author Maureen?Dobbins Alexandra?Marin Robert?Hanneman Lynne?Lohfeld 《Implementation science : IS》2016,10(1):166