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991.
Martin Poe Joseph K. Wu Tsau-Yen Lin Karst Hoogsteen Herbert G. Bull Eve E. Slater 《Analytical biochemistry》1984,140(2):459-467
A synthetic tetradecapeptide, H-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Val-Ile-His-Ser-OH, which corresponds to the 13 amino terminal residues of human angiotensinogen plus a carboxy terminal serine to replace a suggested site of carbohydrate attachment, has been shown to be a good substrate for human kidney renin. At pH 7.2 and 37 degrees C the KM or Michaelis constant was 8.4 +/- 2.9 microM, and the VM or velocity at infinite tetradecapeptide concentration was 11.3 +/- 2.4 mumol angiotensin I made per hour per milligram renin. The tetradecapeptide was highly resistant to cleavage by mouse submaxillary renin. The tetradecapeptide was also slowly cleaved by human liver cathepsin D, by rabbit lung angiotensin-converting enzyme, and by reconstituted human serum, but did not yield angiotensin I. Thus, this synthetic renin substrate should permit more specific measurement of human kidney renin activity. 相似文献
992.
Glycogen synthesis from D-[1-13C]glucose was observed in the perfused rat heart by 13C-NMR spectroscopy at 62.9 MHz. The glycogenogenesis was stimulated by pretreatment of the animals with isoprenaline. Whereas in hearts from control rats the incorporation of D-[1-13C]glucose into the glycogen remained below the detection threshold, 5 min proton-decoupled 13C-NMR spectra revealed, in hearts from treated rats, a significant labelling of the glycogen within the first minutes of the perfusion and a further linear increase of the glycogen resonance for up to 25 min. This model was used to monitor the appearance of 13C-labelled lactate during ischemia. 相似文献
993.
994.
Production of C-24- and C-23-oxidized metabolites of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol by cultured kidney cells (LLC PK1) and their presence in kidney in vivo. 下载免费PDF全文
1,25-Dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol was converted into several more-polar metabolites by a cultured pig kidney cell line (LLC PK1). The production of metabolites was stimulated by pretreating the cells with unlabelled 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. A similar profile of metabolites was observed on high-pressure-liquid-chromatographic analysis of an extract from the kidneys of rats dosed intravenously with 1,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol. Among the metabolites detected were 1,24,25-trihydroxycholecalciferol, 1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol, 1,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-26,23-lactone. The results are in accord with data reported for intestinal 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol metabolism [Napoli, Pramanik, Royal, Reinhardt & Horst (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 9100-9107]. These data indicate that C-23- and C-24-oxidation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol are phenomena common to calciferol target tissues, and that regulation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol homoeostasis is dependent on the rate of its metabolism in addition to the rate of its synthesis. 相似文献
995.
M Bailey S Lloyd S C Martin E J Soulsby 《Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde (Berlin, Germany)》1984,70(2):229-242
Proliferation in vitro of peripheral blood lymphocytes both from horses infected with Strongylus vulgaris and from helminth-free ponies was observed in the presence of extracts of the fourth and fifth stage larvae and adults of S. vulgaris. In addition, S. vulgaris extracts induced transformation in cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes from sheep and dogs and in mouse spleen cell cultures. Nylon wool non-adherent, T cell enriched fractions of lymphocytes from both mice and horses were stimulated by the S. vulgaris larval mitogen while no proliferation was observed in cultures containing nylon wool adherent, B cell enriched fractions. Macrophage co-operation appeared not to be necessary for S. vulgaris mitogen-induced transformation of spleen cells. The S. vulgaris mitogen stimulated a subpopulation of mouse spleen cells different from those responsive to PHA, Con A and LPS. These cells might be T helper cells since B cells were stimulated to proliferate in the presence of both T cells and S. vulgaris larval mitogen. In addition, the supernatant of in vitro cultured larvae of S. vulgaris induced slight, but significant transformation of equine peripheral blood lymphocytes. Therefore, it is possible that the S. vulgaris mitogen released by both viable parasites and degenerating larvae might induce T cell dependent production of immunoglobulin in vivo and account for the beta-globulinaemia, of which IgG(T) is a major component, in S vulgaris infected horses. 相似文献
996.
997.
Martin H. Spalding Christa Critchley Govindjee William L. Orgren 《Photosynthesis research》1984,5(2):169-176
Carbon dioxide concentration during growth is commonly not considered to be a factor influencing the photochemical properties of plants. It was observed that fluorescence induction in Chlamydomonas reinhardii cells grown at air levels of CO2 was both qualitatively and quantitatively different from that of cells grown at 5% CO2. In the two cell types, measured at equivalent chlorophyll and irradiance levels, the fluorescence intensity and the ratio of the levels of peak fluorescence (Fp) to that of the initial fluorescence (Fo) were much lower in the air-adapted than in the 5% CO2 adapted cells. The maximum fluorescence (Fmax) in the presence of diuron was also lower for air-adapted cells. Roughly twice the light input was required for the air-adapted cells to give a fluorescence induction transient and intensity equivalent to that of the 5% CO2-adapted cells. Similar properties were observed in several other unicellular green algae and in cyanobacteria. Chlamydomonas grown under variable CO2 concentrations exhibit significant differences in photosynthetic carbon metabolism and are presumed to have altered energy requirements. The observed variation in fluorescence induction may be due to changes in the properties of the thylakoid reactions (e.g. cyclic electron flow) of Chlamydomonas cells, which may, in turn, be due to a response to the altered energy requirements. 相似文献
998.
A L Muir M Cruz B A Martin H Thommasen A Belzberg J C Hogg 《Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)》1984,57(3):711-719
In six normal supine subjects epinephrine infusion produced a greater leukocytosis with smaller changes in heart rate and blood pressure than did norepinephrine or isoproterenol. Upright exercise in those subjects produced a greater leukocytosis than supine exercise at the same work load. To determine the lung's participation in these events, indium-labeled neutrophils (PMN) were given to four of the subjects. We found that 20-25% were retained in the first pass through the lung when compared with technetium-labeled erythrocytes. The number of labeled PMN in the lung gradually decreased and the number in the spleen and the liver increased. Exercise and catecholamine infusion caused an acceleration in the release of labeled cells from the lung, an increase in both labeled and unlabeled cells in the peripheral blood, and an increase in the number of labeled cells in the liver and spleen. This suggests that increased perfusion of low-flow areas in the lung may contribute to the increased leukocytosis seen in association with both exercise and catecholamine infusion. 相似文献
999.
Guard cells of plants representing 18 species were assayed qualitatively for potential to conduct photosynthetic linear electron transport. These plants included C3 pteridophytes, C3 and C4 monocots, and C3, C4, and Crassulacean acid metabolism dicots. By use of a microfluorospectrophotometer, guard cell samples in epidermal peels were isolated optically. Chlorophyll fluorescence was monitored from the onset of excitation light. For guard cells of all these species, fluorescence intensity increased during illumination. When samples were preincubated with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, diuron, however, there was a more rapid increase in fluorescence. These results indicate that all tested guard cells conduct photosynthetic electron transport through the reaction center of photosystem II. 相似文献
1000.
Ontogenetic Changes in the Transport of Indol-3yl-acetic Acid into Maize Roots from the Shoot and Caryopsis 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
The quantities of endogenous indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) in endosperms and scutella of 6-day-old maize seedlings (Zea mays L. cv Giant White Horsetooth) were determined by a fluorimetric method. Endosperms were found to contain 33.4 nanograms IAA per plant, and scutella 7.5 nanograms IAA per plant. [5-3H]IAA applied to endosperms of 6-day-old seedlings moved into the roots and radioactivity accumulated at the apex of the primary root within 8 hours. Two to 7-day-old seedlings were treated simultaneously with [5-3H]IAA in the endosperm and [2-14C] IAA on the shoot apex. The patterns of transport into the root were found to change during ontogeny: in successively older plants, transport from the shoot into the roots increased relative to transport from the endosperm into the roots. The auxin required for the growth of maize roots could, therefore, partially be contributed by the shoot and endosperm. Ontogenetic changes in the relative importance of these two supplies could be of significance for the integration of growth and development between shoot and root. 相似文献