全文获取类型
收费全文 | 194篇 |
免费 | 24篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 12篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有227条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
11.
The mitochondrial phenotype of and other extra-nuclear mutants is known to predominate over that of wild type in heteroplasms. This phenomenon was investigated in heterokaryons using normally occurring strain differences in restriction enzyme patterns to distinguish wild-type and mitochondrial DNAs. Each of ten independent heterokaryons eventually showed the phenotype as judged by slow growth rate and deficiency of 19 S RNA. Six heterokaryons contained mitochondrial DNAs with restriction enzyme patterns of the parent whereas four contained DNAs which lacked restriction enzyme fragments characteristic of the parent. The latter may be recombinants of wild-type and mitochondrial DNA. 相似文献
12.
Like the outer membranes of liver mitochondria, those of plant mitochondria are impermeable to cytochrome c when intact and can be ruptured by osmotic shock. Isolated plant outer mitochondrial membranes are also similar to the corresponding liver membranes in terms of phospholipid and sterol content. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis experiments indicate that a single class of proteins (apparent molecular weight 30 000) comprises the bulk of the plant outer membrane protein. There are also considerable amounts of polysaccharide associated with these membranes, which may contribute to their osmotic stability. 相似文献
13.
JOSEP PIÑOL XAVIER ESPADALER NÚRIA CAÑELLAS JORDI MARTÍNEZ‐VILALTA JOSÉ A. BARRIENTOS DANIEL SOL 《Ecological Entomology》2010,35(3):367-376
1. Predation‐exclusion experiments have highlighted that top‐down control is pervasive in terrestrial communities, but most of these experiments are simplistic in that they only excluded a single group of predators and the effect of removal was evaluated on a few species from the community. The main goal of our study was to experimentally establish the relative effects of ants and birds on the same arthropod assemblage of canopy trees. 2. We conducted 1‐year long manipulative experiments in an organic citrus grove intended to quantify the independent effects of bird and ant predators on the abundance of arthropods. Birds were excluded with plastic nets whereas ants were excluded with sticky barriers on the trunks. The sticky barrier also excluded other ground dwelling insects, like the European earwig Forficula auricularia L. 3. Both the exclusion of ants and birds affected the arthropod community of the citrus canopies, but the exclusion of ants was far more important than the exclusion of birds. Indeed, almost all groups of arthropods had higher abundance in ant‐excluded than in control trees, whereas only dermapterans were more abundant in bird‐excluded than in control trees. A more detailed analysis conducted on spiders also showed that the effect of ant exclusion was limited to a few families rather than being widespread over the entire diverse spectrum of spiders. 4. Our results suggest that the relative importance of vertebrate and invertebrate predators in regulating arthropod populations largely depends on the nature of the predator–prey system. 相似文献
14.
目的:早期液体复苏对感染性休克患者血流动力学的影响。方法:选取2012年2月-2013年2月我院ICU收治的26例感染性休克患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和试验组,各13例。两组患者均采用PICCO监测,并根据早期复苏目标导向(Earlygoaldirectedtherapy,EGDT)进行早期液体复苏治疗。对照组和试验组复苏液分别为林格液和6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4氯化钠溶液。分别于复苏开始时(Oh)、8h和24h收集患者的血流动力学参数。结果:两组患者CO及PAWP水平均随着时间的延长下降,而CI、CVP及SVR水平均随着时间的增加上升。除对照组CI外,与开始复苏(oh)相比较试验组和对照组的C0、CI、CVP、SVR及PAWP与开始复苏(O小时)相比较均有显著差异(P值均〈0.05)。经重复测量资料的.方差分析进行比较发现,与对照组相比较,试验组CVP和SVR上升水平及PAWP下降水平明显,差异具有统计学意义(P值均〈0.05)。结论:感染性休克患者使用6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4氯化钠溶液进行复苏,能更好的改善患者的血流动力学指标。 相似文献
15.
Background
Structural genomics (SG) projects aim to determine thousands of protein structures by the development of high-throughput techniques for all steps of the experimental structure determination pipeline. Crucial to the success of such endeavours is the careful tracking and archiving of experimental and external data on protein targets. 相似文献16.
It has been difficult to obtain better than moderate resolution in analysis of electron microscopic images of small, 2D crystals with variable lattice parameters, e.g., crystals of the channel VDAC generated by phospholipase treatment of outer mitochondrial membranes. We demonstrate that applying single-particle analysis methods to correlation-averaged images can lead to significant improvements in the attainable resolution. Application of a soft-edged fitted mask passing only the central unit cell, and excluding the positionally variable adjacent unit cells, allows improved alignment and more sensitive multivariate statistical analysis, needed to guide intelligent merging of data from different crystals. 相似文献
17.
Using a 400-kV cryoelectron microscope, we have obtained tomographic reconstructions of frozen-hydrated sea urchin axonemes with 8-10-nm resolution, as assessed by detection of characteristic components including doublet microtubules, radial spokes, central sheath projections, and outer dynein arms. We did not detect the inner dynein arms or the microtubule lattice. The 1/(8 nm) and 1/(16 nm) layer lines are consistently present in power spectra of both projection images and tomographic reconstructions. Strength and detection of the layer lines are dependent upon total electron dose and defocus. Both layer lines are surprisingly resistant to electron doses of up to 11000 electrons/nm(2). We present a summary of resolution considerations in cryoelectron tomography and conclude that the fundamental limitation is the total electron dose required for statistical significance. The electron dose can be fractionated among the numerous angular views in a tomographic data set, but there is an unavoidable fourth-power dependence of total dose on target resolution. Since higher-resolution features are more beam-sensitive, this dose requirement places an ultimate limit on the resolution of individual tomographic reconstructions. Instrumental and computational strategies to circumvent this limitation are discussed. 相似文献
18.
19.
Genetic tailoring of N-linked oligosaccharides: the role of glucose residues in glycoprotein processing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in vivo 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In higher eukaryotes a quality control system monitoring the folding state
of glycoproteins is located in the ER and is composed of the proteins
calnexin, calreticulin, glucosidase II, and UDP-glucose: glycoprotein
glucosyltransferase. It is believed that the innermost glucose residue of
the N- linked oligosaccharide of a glycoprotein serves as a tag in this
control system and therefore performs an important function in the protein
folding pathway. To address this function, we constructed Saccharomyces
cerevisiae strains which contain nonglucosylated (G0), monoglucosylated
(G1), or diglucosylated (G2) glycoproteins in the ER and used these strains
to study the role of glucose residues in the ER processing of
glycoproteins. These alterations of the oligosaccharide structure did not
result in a growth phenotype, but the induction of the unfolded protein
response upon treatment with DTT was much higher in G0 and G2 strains as
compared to wild-type and G1 strains. Our results provide in vivo evidence
that the G1 oligosaccharide is an active oligosaccharide structure in the
ER glycoprotein processing pathway of S.cerevisiae. Furthermore, by
analyzing N- linked oligosaccharides of the constructed strains we can
directly show that no general glycoprotein glucosyltransferase exists in S.
cerevisiae.
相似文献
20.
Gregory CA Amos Emma Gozzard Charlotte E Carter Andrew Mead Mike J Bowes Peter M Hawkey Lihong Zhang Andrew C Singer William H Gaze Elizabeth M H Wellington 《The ISME journal》2015,9(6):1467-1476
Multi-drug-resistant bacteria pose a significant threat to public health. The role of the environment in the overall rise in antibiotic-resistant infections and risk to humans is largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate drivers of antibiotic-resistance levels across the River Thames catchment, model key biotic, spatial and chemical variables and produce predictive models for future risk assessment. Sediment samples from 13 sites across the River Thames basin were taken at four time points across 2011 and 2012. Samples were analysed for class 1 integron prevalence and enumeration of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant bacteria. Class 1 integron prevalence was validated as a molecular marker of antibiotic resistance; levels of resistance showed significant geospatial and temporal variation. The main explanatory variables of resistance levels at each sample site were the number, proximity, size and type of surrounding wastewater-treatment plants. Model 1 revealed treatment plants accounted for 49.5% of the variance in resistance levels. Other contributing factors were extent of different surrounding land cover types (for example, Neutral Grassland), temporal patterns and prior rainfall; when modelling all variables the resulting model (Model 2) could explain 82.9% of variations in resistance levels in the whole catchment. Chemical analyses correlated with key indicators of treatment plant effluent and a model (Model 3) was generated based on water quality parameters (contaminant and macro- and micro-nutrient levels). Model 2 was beta tested on independent sites and explained over 78% of the variation in integron prevalence showing a significant predictive ability. We believe all models in this study are highly useful tools for informing and prioritising mitigation strategies to reduce the environmental resistome. 相似文献