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101.
Aline Vieira Santos Anna Carina Antunes e Defaveri Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo Rosane Aguiar da Silva San Gil Alice Sato 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2013,49(4):405-413
Varronia curassavica is cultivated for the production of an essential oil useful in the pharmaceutical industry for its strong anti-inflammatory effect. Despite a growing demand, only a few studies have evaluated alternative sources of obtaining plantlets or ways to increase the yield of essential oil from this species. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize the in vitro multiplication rate and analyze the histochemistry and sesquiterpene production potential of conventionally propagated V. curassavica plants, in vitro shoots, and acclimatized plants derived from in vitro shoots. For axillary bud proliferation, Murashige and Skoog medium was supplemented with 6-benzyladenine and thidiazuron alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid. Axillary bud proliferation was obtained from culture of nodal or apical segments on medium containing half-strength Murashige and Skoog salts without growth regulators. After 35 d of culture, an average of five buds developed per explant. Elongation and rooting of shoots also occurred in this medium. After the transfer of rooted plants to ex vitro conditions, 100% of the plantlets survived. Histochemical analysis of leaf tissue showed the presence of lipids, acidic lipids, essential oil, phenols, and flavonoids. The essential oils from conventionally propagated and acclimatized plants were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed using gas chromatography. The essential oil from acclimatized plants had a similar profile to that from ex vitro plants, but with a higher concentration of the anti-inflammatory compound alpha-humulene. 相似文献
102.
Magdalena Bezanilla 《Molecular biology of the cell》2013,24(16):2491-2493
Historically, cell biologists studied organisms that represented a reasonable sampling of life''s diversity, whereas recently research has narrowed into a few model systems. As a result, the cells of plants have been relatively neglected. Here I choose three examples to illustrate how plants have been informative and could be even more so. Owing to their ease of imaging and genetic tractability, multicellular plant model systems provide a unique opportunity to address long-standing questions in cell biology. 相似文献
103.
Antonio Díaz-Cruz Raquel Guinzberg Ruy Guerra Magdalena Vilchis Daniel Carrasco Francisco J. García-vázquez 《Free radical research》2013,47(6):663-672
It is known that adrenaline promotes hydroxyl radical generation in isolated rat hepatocytes. The aim of this work was to investigate a potential role of NADPH oxidase (Nox) isoforms for an oxidative stress signal in response to adrenaline in hepatocytes. Enriched plasma membranes from isolated rat liver cells were prepared for this purpose. These membranes showed catalytic activity of Nox isoforms, probably Nox 2 based on its complete inhibition with specific antibodies. NADPH was oxidized to convert O2 into superoxide radical, later transformed into H2O2. This enzymatic activity requires previous activation with either 3 mM Mn2+ or guanosine 5′-0-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPγS) plus adrenaline. Experimental conditions for activation and catalytic steps were set up: ATP was not required; S0.5 for NADPH was 44 μM; S0.5 for FAD was 8 μM; NADH up to 1 mM was not substrate, and diphenyleneiodonium was inhibitory. Activation with GTPγS plus adrenaline was dose- and Ca2+-dependent and proceeded through α1-adrenergic receptors (AR), whereas β-AR stimulation resulted in inhibition of Nox activity. These results lead us to propose H2O2 as additional transduction signal for adrenaline response in hepatic cells. 相似文献
104.
Magdalena Świderska Anna Zalewska Joanna Pogorzelska Robert Flisiak Adrian Chabowski 《Free radical research》2013,47(8):841-850
The objective of this study is to determine if treatment with the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 results in impairment of oxidative stress, inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and decrease of nitric oxide production in an experimental model of rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Tumour was induced by diethylnitrosamine and promoted by two-thirds hepatectomy plus acetaminofluorene administration. Experiments were carried out at 28 weeks after initiating the treatment. TNP-470 was administered at 30 mg/kg, three times per week from 20 to 28 weeks. Carcinomatous tissue growing outside dysplastic nodules and a marked expression of placental glutathione S-transferase were detected in rats with induced carcinogenesis. Liver concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) were significantly higher than those of controls and there was a significant increase in the GSSG/GSH ratio. Tumour growth was accompanied by augmented expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, activation of (NF-κB) and proteolysis of IkappaB. All these effects were absent in animals receiving TNP-470. Our results indicate that TNP-470 inhibits oxidative stress, nitric oxide production and NF-κB activation induced by experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. These changes would contribute to the beneficial effects of TNP-470 in cancer treatment. 相似文献
105.
Vasopressin and oxytocin receptors belong to the superfamily of G protein‐coupled receptors and play an important role in many physiological functions. They are also involved in a number of pathological conditions being important drug targets. In this work, four vasopressin analogues substituted at position 2 with 3,3′‐diphenylalanine have been docked into partially flexible vasopressin and oxytocin receptors. The bulky residue at position 2 acts as a structural restraint much stronger in the oxytocin receptor (OTR) than in the vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R), resulting in a different location of the analogues in these receptors. This explains the different, either agonistic or antagonistic, activities of the analogues in V2R and OTR, respectively. In all complexes, the conserved polar residues serve as anchor points for the ligand both in OTR and V2R. Strong interactions of the C‐terminus of analogue II ([Mpa1,d ‐Dpa2,Val4,d ‐Arg8]VP) with extracellular loop 3 may be responsible for its highest activity at V2R. It also appears that V2R adapts more readily to the docking analogues by conformational changes in the aromatic side chains triggering receptor activation. A weak activity at V1a vasopressin receptor appears to be caused by weak receptor–ligand interactions. Results of this study may facilitate a rational design of new analogues with the highest activity/selectivity at vasopressin and OTRs. Copyright © 2013 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
106.
Eun Sil Kang Gil Hyeong Kim Im Sun Woo Hyo Jung Kim So Young Eun Sun Ah Ham 《Free radical research》2013,47(11-12):930-938
Aldose reductase (AR) is abundantly expressed in a variety of cell lineages and has been implicated in the cellular response against oxidative stress. However, the exact functional role of AR against oxidative stress remains relatively unclear. This study investigated the role of AR in acrolein- or hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis using the J774.A.1 macrophage cell line. Ablation of AR with a small interference RNA or inhibition of AR activity significantly enhanced the acrolein- or hydrogen peroxide-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and aldehydes, leading to increased apoptotic cell death. Blockade of AR activity in J774A.1 cells markedly augmented the acrolein- or hydrogen peroxide-induced translocation of Bax to mitochondria along with reduced Bcl-2 and increased release of cytochrome c from the mitochodria. Taken together, these findings indicate that AR plays an important role in the cellular response against oxidative stress, by sequestering the reactive molecules generated in cells exposed to toxic substances. 相似文献
107.
Joanna Suliburska Pawel Bogdanski Ewa Gajewska Grazyna Kalmus Magdalena Sobieska Wlodzimierz Samborski 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2013,69(4):847-853
Some data indicate a potential relationship between insulin resistance level and the concentration of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the body. There have been few studies concerning OPG level and its relationship with insulin resistance and body composition in young people. The aim of this study was to assess serum osteoprotegerin concentration in obese adolescents, and to evaluate its potential association with insulin resistance. Seventy-eight obese adolescents and 20 healthy volunteers aged 12–18 years were recruited in the study. Selected anthropometrical measurements and blood biochemical analyses were performed. Insulin resistance in the participants was evaluated according to the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) protocol. Level of OPG was assessed in serum. Obese subjects had significantly higher HOMA-IR indices and OPG levels in serum than the control group. A significant positive correlation between OPG and insulin resistance was found. It was observed that high concentrations of osteoprotegerin are associated with insulin resistance in obese adolescents. 相似文献
108.
David Gamarra Hikaru Kobayashi Yoshihiro Takatsu Kyoko Takatsu Jesús Gil Ignacio Palmero 《Aging cell》2013,12(5):923-931
The regulation of gene expression by microRNAs (miRNAs) is critical for normal development and physiology. Conversely, miRNA function is frequently impaired in cancer, and other pathologies, either by aberrant expression of individual miRNAs or dysregulation of miRNA synthesis. Here, we have investigated the impact of global disruption of miRNA biogenesis in primary fibroblasts of human or murine origin, through the knockdown of DGCR8, an essential mediator of the synthesis of canonical miRNAs. We find that the inactivation of DGCR8 in these cells results in a dramatic antiproliferative response, with the acquisition of a senescent phenotype. Senescence triggered by DGCR8 loss is accompanied by the upregulation of the cell‐cycle inhibitor p21CIP1. We further show that a subset of senescence‐associated miRNAs with the potential to target p21CIP1 is downregulated during DGCR8‐mediated senescence. Interestingly, the antiproliferative response to miRNA biogenesis disruption is retained in human tumor cells, irrespective of p53 status. In summary, our results show that defective synthesis of canonical microRNAs results in cell‐cycle arrest and cellular senescence in primary fibroblasts mediated by specific miRNAs, and thus identify global miRNA disruption as a novel senescence trigger. 相似文献
109.
Magdalena Eriksson Bengt Nordeh Bengt Jernström 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(5-6):717-720
Abstract Flow linear dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy show that the covalent (+)-anti-BPDE-DNA complex adopts two rapidly interchanging conformations. The binding introduces local flexibility in DNA facilitating further covalent attacks. 相似文献
110.
Magdalena Pfister Silke Farkas Ramamurthy Charubala Wolfgang Pfleiderer 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(5-6):595-600
Abstract The usefulness of the p-nitrophenylethylsulfonyl (NPES) group for 2′-OH protection in oligoribonucleotide synthesis is further investigated. The difficulties of uridine protection are discussed and the p-cyanophenylethyl (CPE) group introduced as a versatile new 04-blocking group. 相似文献