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141.
Copper complexes of N-methyl isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone, 1-formyl isoquinoline thiosemicarbazone and thiosemicarbazide inhibit amino acyl tRNA synthetase activity. Copper complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 8-mercaptoquinoline also inhibit. The 1 : 1 ligand-metal complex is significantly more active than the 2 : 1 complex. The free ligand alone and copper sulfate alone have little, if any, effect. These complexes have no effect on the ATP-PPi exchange reaction and do not cause deacylation of amino acyl tRNAs. This indicates that the process inhibited by these complexes is the amino acylation reaction. This is the first report that these copper binding ligands can inhibit enzymatic processes which involve nucleic acids but which are not viral, bacterial or mammalian cell polymerases. 相似文献
142.
Ehrlich ascites tumor cells spontaneously release cell surface material (glycocalyx) into isotonic saline medium. Exposure of these cells to tritium-labeled 4,4′-diisothiocyano-1,2′-dihenylethane-2,2′-disulfonic acid (3H2DIDS) at 4°C leads to preferential labeling of the cell surface coat. We have combined studies of the kinetics of 3H2DIDS-label release, the effects of enzymatic treatment, and cell electrophoretic mobility to characterize the 3H2DIDS-labeled components of the cell surface. Approximately 73% of the cell-associated radioactivity is spontaneously released from the cells after 5 h at 23°C. The kinetics of release is consistent with the first-order loss of two fractions; a slow (τ½ = 360 min) component representing 33% of the radioactivity, and a fast (τ½ = 20 min) component representing 26%. The remaining 14% of the labile binding may reflect mechanically induced surface release. Trypsin (1 μ/ml) also removes approximately 73% of the labeled material within 30 min and converts the kinectics of release to that of a single component (τ½ = 5.5 min). The specific activity (SA) of material released by trypsin immediately after labeling is 83% of the SA of the material spontaneously los in 1 h. However, trypsinization following a 2-h period of spontaneous release yields material of reduced (43%) SA. Neither 3H2DIDS labeling nor the initial spontaneous loss of labeled material alters cell electrophoretic mobility. However, extended spontaneous release is accompanied by a significant decrease in surface charge density. Trypsinization immediately following labeling or after spontaneous release (2 h) reduces mobility by 32%. We have tentatively identified the slowly released compartment as contributing to cell surface negativity. 相似文献
143.
Charles Levinson Rebecca J. Corcoran Ellen H. Edwards 《The Journal of membrane biology》1979,45(1-2):61-79
Summary The experiments reported in this paper were undertaken to explore the interaction of tritiated H2DIDS (4,4-diisothiocyano-1,2,diphenyl ethane-2,2-disulfonic acid) with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Addition of (3H)H2DIDS to tumor cell suspension at 21°C, pH 7.3, resulted in: (i) rapid reversible binding which increased with time and (ii) inhibition of sulfate transport. Tightly bound H2DIDS, i.e., reagent not removed by cell washing, also increased with time. Binding of 0.02 nmol H2DIDS/mg dry mass or less did not affect sulfate transport, but, at greater than 0.02 nmol and up to 0.15 nmol the relationship between tight binding and inhibition of transport is linear. The fact that H2DIDS could bind to the cell and yet not affect anion transport suggests that binding sites exist unrelated to those concerned with the regulation of anion permeability. Support for this is the observation that H2DIDS is spontaneously released from cells even after extensive washings by a temperature-sensitive process. The most important source of released H2DIDS is the cell surface coat which labels rapidly (within 1 min) and is then spontaneously released into the medium. A second source is derived from H2DIDS that slowly entered the cells. Consequently, at least four modes of interaction exist between H2DIDS and ascites tumor cells. These include both reversible and irreversible binding to membrane components which regulate anion permeability, irreversible binding to cell surface proteins or glycocalyx, and finally incorporation of H2DIDS into the intracellular phase. 相似文献
144.
B Ullman S M Clift A Cohen L J Gudas B B Levinson M A Wormsted D W Martin 《Journal of cellular physiology》1979,99(1):139-151
The isolation and characterization of a mutant murine T-cell lymphoma (S49) with altered purine metabolism is described. This mutant, AU-100, was isolated from a mutagenized population of S49 cells by virtue of its resistance to 0.1 mM 6-azauridine in semisolid agarose. The AU-100 cells are resistant to adenosine mediated cytotoxicity but are extraordinarily sensitive to killing by guanosine. High performance liquid chromatography of AU-100 cell extracts has demonstrated that intracellular levels of GTP, IMP, and GMP are all elevated about 3-fold over those levels found in wild type cells. The AU-100 cells also contain an elevated intracellular level of pyrophosphoribosylphosphate (PPriboseP), which as in wild type cells is diminished by incubation of AU-100 cells with adenosine. However AU-100 cells synthesize purines de novo at a rate less than 35% of that found in wild type cells. In other growth rate experiments, the AU-100 cell line was shown to be resistant to 6-thioguanine and 6-mercaptopurine. Levels of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRTase) measured in AU-100 cell extracts, however, are 50-66% greater than those levels of HGPRTase found in wild type cell extracts. Nevertheless this mutant S49 cell line cannot efficiently incorporate labeled hypoxanthine into nucleotides since the salvage enzyme HGPRTase is inhibited in vivo. The AU-100 cell line was found to be 80% deficient in adenylosuccinate synthetase, but these cells are not auxotrophic for adenosine or other purines. The significant alterations in the control of purine de novo and salvage metabolism caused by the defect in adenylosuccinate synthetase are mediated by the resulting increased levels of guanosine nucleotides. 相似文献
145.
146.
Phosphoenolpyruvate: hexose phosphotransferase-negative mutants of Arthrobacterpyridinolis fail to grow on l-rhamnose. Although phosphoenolpyruvate: l-rhamnose phosphotransferase activity could not be consistently demonstrated in extracts of rhamnose-grown cells, low levels of phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent uptake of rhamnose were found using isolated membrane vesicles from rhamnose-grown cells. This uptake was not inhibited by uncoupling agents or an inhibitor of the respiratory chain. Phosphotransferase-negative mutants could grow on l-rhamnose if l-malate was also present in the medium. l-Malate- and succinate-dependent uptake of rhamnose was found in membrane vesicles. Either of the two oxidizable substrates caused a 5-fold stimulation of the rate of l-rhamnose uptake over that observed in the absence of additions. Malate-dependent l-rhamnose uptake had a Km for rhamnose of 2.9 × 10?6m. It was inhibited by uncoupling agents, inhibitors of the respiratory chain, and sulfhydryl reagents. 相似文献
147.
Steady-state distribution of phosphate across the membrane of the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C Levinson 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1970,203(2):317-325
148.
149.
Md Almamun Benjamin T Levinson Susan T Gater Robert D Schnabel Gerald L Arthur J Wade Davis Kristen H Taylor 《Epigenetics》2014,9(12):1588-1595
DNA methylation is responsible for regulating gene expression and cellular differentiation and for maintaining genomic stability during normal human development. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in the regulation of hematopoiesis. In order to elucidate the influence of DNA methylation during B-cell development, genome-wide DNA methylation status of pro-B, pre-BI, pre-BII, and naïve-B-cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood was determined using the methylated CpG island recovery assay followed by next generation sequencing. On average, 182–200 million sequences were generated for each precursor B-cell subset in 10 biological replicates. An overall decrease in methylation was observed during the transition from pro-B to pre-BI, whereas no differential methylation was observed in the pre-BI to pre-BII transition or in the pre-BII to naïve B-cell transition. Most of the methylated regions were located within intergenic and intronic regions not present in a CpG island context. Putative novel enhancers were identified in these regions that were differentially methylated between pro-B and pre-BI cells. The genome-wide methylation profiles are publically available and may be used to gain a better understanding of the involvement of atypical DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of malignancies associated with precursor B-cells. 相似文献
150.
Jordi Alonso Gemma Vilagut Núria D. Adroher Somnath Chatterji Yanling He Laura Helena Andrade Evelyn Bromet Ronny Bruffaerts John Fayyad Silvia Florescu Giovanni de Girolamo Oye Gureje Josep Maria Haro Hristo Hinkov Chiyi Hu Noboru Iwata Sing Lee Daphna Levinson Jean Pierre Lépine Herbert Matschinger Maria Elena Medina-Mora Siobhan O'Neill J. Hormel Jose A. Posada-Villa Nezar Ismet Taib Miguel Xavier Ronald C. Kessler 《PloS one》2013,8(6)