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91.
M. Anila H. K. Mahadeva Swamy R. R. Kale V. P. Bhadana M. S. Anantha Brajendra S. K. Hajira C. H. Balachiranjeevi M. Ayyappa Dass S. Bhaskar T. Dilip K. Pranathi M. B. V. N. Kousik G. Harika K. Swapnil K. Chaitra B. Laxmi Prasanna E. Punniakotti Pragya Sinha G. Rekha V. Abhilash Kumar S. M. Balachandran M. S. Madhav Archana Giri B. C. Viraktamath R. M. Sundaram 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2018,38(12):147
MTU 1010 is a high-yielding mega-variety of rice grown extensively in India. However, it does not perform well in soils with low phosphorus (P) levels. With an objective to improve MTU 1010 for tolerance to low soil P, we have transferred Pup1, a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with tolerance from another mega-variety, Swarna, through marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Foreground selection of the F1 and backcross plants was performed with the co-dominant, closely linked CAPS marker, K20-2, while two flanking markers RM28011 and RM28157 were utilized for recombinant selection. At each backcross generation, positive plants were also analyzed with a set of 85 parental polymorphic SSR markers to identify the QTL-positive plants possessing maximum introgression of MTU 1010 genome. At BC2F1, the best backcross plant was selfed to generate BC2F2s. Among them, the plants homozygous for Pup1 (n?=?22) were reconfirmed using the functional marker for Pup1, viz., K46-1, and they were advanced through pedigree method of selection until BC2F6 generation. A total of five elite BC2F6 lines, possessing Pup1 and phenotypically similar to MTU 1010, were screened in the low soil P plot and normal plot (with optimum soil P levels) during wet season, 2016. All the selected lines showed better performance under low P soil with more number of productive tillers, better root system architecture, and significantly higher yield (>?390%) as compared to MTU 1010. Further, under normal soil, the lines were observed to be similar to or better than MTU 1010 for most of the agro-morphological traits and yield. This study represents the successful application of marker-assisted selection for improvement of tolerance to low soil P in a high-yielding Indian rice variety. 相似文献
92.
Comprehensive study of interaction between biocompatible PEG‐InP/ZnS QDs and bovine serum albumin 下载免费PDF全文
M. S. Sannaikar Laxmi S. Inamdar G. H. Pujar M. N. Wari Nafisa H. Balasinor S. R. Inamdar 《Luminescence》2018,33(3):495-504
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface modified biocompatible InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) act as a potential alternative for conventional carcinogenic cadmium‐based quantum dots for in vivo and in vitro studies. Comprehensively, we studied the interaction between a model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) and PEGylated toxic free InP/ZnS QDs using various spectroscopic tools such as absorption, fluorescence quenching, time resolved and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic measurements. These studies principally show that tryptophan (Trp) residues of BSA have preferable binding affinity towards PEG‐InP/ZnS QDs surface and a blue shift in Trp fluorescence emission is a signature of conformational changes in its hydrophobic microenvironment. Photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Trp is quenched by ground state complex formation (static quenching) at room temperature. However, InP/ZnS@BSA conjugates become unstable with increasing temperature and PL intensity of Trp is quenched via dynamic quenching by PEG‐InP/ZnS QDs. Experimentally determined thermodynamic parameters for these conjugates have shown spontaneity, entropy driven and exothermic nature of bio‐conjugation. The calculated binding affinity (n ? 1, Hill coefficient) suggest that the affinity of InP/ZnS QDs for a BSA protein is not dependent on whether or not other BSA proteins are already bound to the QD surface. Energy transfer efficiency (E), Trp residue to InP/ZnS QDs distances and energy transfer rate (kT) were all obtained from FÖrster resonance energy. 相似文献
93.
Quantification of photonic localization properties of targeted nuclear mass density variations: Application in cancer‐stage detection 下载免费PDF全文
Peeyush Sahay Aditya Ganju Huda M. Almabadi Hemendra M. Ghimire Murali M. Yallapu Omar Skalli Meena Jaggi Subhash C. Chauhan Prabhakar Pradhan 《Journal of biophotonics》2018,11(5)
Light localization is a phenomenon which arises due to the interference effects of light waves inside a disordered optical medium. Quantification of degree light localization in optical media is widely used for characterizing degree of structural disorder in that media. Recently, this light localization approach was extended to analyze structural changes in biological cell like heterogeneous optical media, with potential application in cancer diagnostics. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to construct “optical lattices,” which represents 2‐dimensional refractive index map corresponding to the spatial mass density distribution of a selected molecule inside the cell. The structural disorder properties of the selected molecules were evaluated numerically using light localization strength in these optical lattices, in a single parameter called “disorder strength.” The method showed a promising potential in differentiating cancerous and non‐cancerous cells. In this paper, we show that by quantifying submicron scale disorder strength in the nuclear DNA mass density distribution, a wide range of control and cancerous breast and prostate cells at different hierarchy levels of tumorigenicity were correctly distinguished. We also discuss how this photonic technique can be used in examining tumorigenicity level in unknown prostate cancer cells, and potential to generalize the method to other cancer cells. 相似文献
94.
Back Cover: Protein secondary structure analysis of dried blood serum using infrared spectroscopy to identify markers for colitis screening (J. Biophotonics 3/2018) 下载免费PDF全文
Jitto Titus Hemendra Ghimire Emilie Viennois Didier Merlin A. G. Unil Perera 《Journal of biophotonics》2018,11(3)
Protein secondary structural alteration in the serum sample as induced by colitis has been demonstrated via the spectral fitting. Using DSS mouse models of acute colitis and IL10‐/‐ for chronic colitis, a significant difference in the integral ratio of Gaussian energy bands representing α‐helix and β‐pleated sheet structures were obtained. Further details can be found in the article by Jitto Titus et al. ( e201700057 ).
95.
Ji Hye Yoo Eun Soo Seong Bimal Kumar Ghimire Kweon Heo Xiaoli Jin Toshihiko Yamada Lindsay V. Clark Erik J. Sacks Chang Yeon Yu 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2018,133(3):359-369
This study was to determine a transformation system for Miscanthus sinensis, and to optimize factors and conditions required for expression of an antisense caffeic acid O-methyltransferase gene in the M. sinensis (MsCOMT-AS). Transformation of callus derived from seeds and immature inflorescences of M. sinensis was established by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring a binary vector pMBP1. In order to establish the stable transformation system, several transformation factors such as explant type, strain, co-culture periods, acetosyringone concentration, and selective markers were assessed. In this study, seven putative transgenic plants were obtained from callus transformation and plantlet regeneration. Various tests including PCR analysis and RT-PCR were used to detect the transgenic insert. The transgenic plants were also characterized for their agronomic and morphological characteristics, expression of MsCOMT-AS gene, and variation in lignocellulosic content. Biomass related traits such as plant height, number of leaves, length of leaf, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, and cell size of the control plants were superior to transgenic plants. Total lignin content of transgenic plants was lower than that of the control plant due to reduced caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene expression related to lignin production. Cellulose and hemicellulose content in transgenic plants were not increased. Variation in cellulose and hemicellulose content had no correlation with variation in lignin content of transgenic plants. In conclusion, transgenic M. sinensis was obtained with down-regulated COMT gene. Lignin synthesis was decreased what offers possibility of crop modification for facilitated biofuel production. 相似文献
96.
G. Rekha V. Abhilash Kumar B. C. Viraktamath K. Pranathi M. B. V. N. Kousik B. Laxmi Prasanna C. Backiyalakshmi Pragya Sinha R. K. Ravindra S. Bhaskar S. K. Hajira C. H. Balachiranjeevi K. Swapnil R. Rambabu G. Harika E. Punniakotti M. Anila H. K. Mahadev T. Dilip Kumar A. Yugander K. Chaitra M. Praveen K. R. Madhavi M. S. Prasad G. S. Laha C. N. Neeraja S. M. Balachandran P. Senguttuvel R. A. Fiyaz J. Badri A. Giri L. V. Subba Rao V. Ravindra Babu R. M. Sundaram 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》2018,27(4):463-472
Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM) is a popular, high-yielding, bacterial blight resistant rice variety possessing medium-slender grain type. As ISM is highly susceptible to blast disease of rice, through the present study we have transferred two major blast resistance genes, Pi2 and Pi54 into the elite variety by marker-assisted backcross breeding. The two blast resistance genes were transferred to ISM through sets of backcrosses. In every backcross generation, PCR-based markers, specific for the blast resistance genes (Pi2 and Pi54) and bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa21, xa13 and xa5) were utilized for foreground selection, while a set of 144 parental polymorphic SSR markers were used for background selection and backcrossing was carried out until BC2 generation. A solitary BC2F1 plant possessing Pi2 or Pi54 along with Xa21, xa13 and xa5 and >?90% recovery of ISM genome was selected from the two sets of backcrosses were crossed and the intercross F1s (ICF1s) thus obtained were selfed to generate ICF2s. Homozygous ICF2 plants carrying all the five resistance genes were identified through markers and advanced through selfing till ICF5 generation by adopting pedigree method of selection. Three best lines at ICF5, possessing excellent resistance against bacterial blight and blast and closely resembling or superior to ISM in terms of grain quality: yield and agro-morphological traits have been identified and advanced for multi-location trials. 相似文献
97.
Ferdinand Bohlmann Laxmi N. Misra Jasmin Jakupovic Robert M. King Harold Robinson 《Phytochemistry》1985,24(6):1315-1318
The aerial parts of Helenium amarum afforded, in addition to compounds reported previously, several known sesquiterpene lactones as well as some new ones, two pseudoguaianolides and a complex mixture of guaianolide α-arabinopyranosides, which differed in the position of the double bond, the configuration at C-8 and the position of an acetate group in the sugar moiety. Furthermore seco-caryophyllenes and phenylpropane derivatives were isolated. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and few chemical transformations. 相似文献
98.
The aerial parts of Dugaldia integrifolia afforded, in addition to acetylhymenograndin, floribundin, hymenoxon and isotelekin, three new seco-helenanolides and two derivatives of silphinene, one being isolated previously from Dugaldia hoopesii 相似文献
99.
Functionally related genes often appear in each other's neighborhood on the genome; however, the order of the genes may not be the same. These groups or clusters of genes may have an ancient evolutionary origin or may signify some other critical phenomenon and may also aid in function prediction of genes. Such gene clusters also aid toward solving the problem of local alignment of genes. Similarly, clusters of protein domains, albeit appearing in different orders in the protein sequence, suggest common functionality in spite of being nonhomologous. In the paper, we address the problem of automatically discovering clusters of entities, be they genes or domains: we formalize the abstract problem as a discovery problem called the (pi)pattern problem and give an algorithm that automatically discovers the clusters of patterns in multiple data sequences. We take a model-less approach and introduce a notation for maximal patterns that drastically reduces the number of valid cluster patterns, without any loss of information, We demonstrate the automatic pattern discovery tool on motifs on E. Coli protein sequences. 相似文献
100.
Asmare D. Moges Belayneh Admassu Derbew Belew Mohammed Yesuf Joyce Njuguna Martina Kyalo Sita R. Ghimire 《PloS one》2016,11(3)
Twenty three polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for citrus plant pathogenic fungus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and were used to analyze genetic diversity and population structure of 163 isolates from four different geographical regions of Ethiopia. These loci produced a total of 118 alleles with an average of 5.13 alleles per microsatellite marker. The polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.104 to 0.597 with an average of 0.371. The average observed heterozygosity across all loci varied from 0.046 to 0.058. The gene diversity among the loci ranged from 0.106 to 0.664. Unweighted Neighbor-joining and population structure analysis grouped these 163 isolates into three major groups. The clusters were not according to the geographic origin of the isolates. Analysis of molecular variance showed 85% of the total variation within populations and only 5% among populations. There was low genetic differentiation in the total populations (FST = 0.049) as evidenced by high level of gene flow estimate (Nm = 4.8 per generation) among populations. The results show that Ethiopian C. gloeosporioides populations are generally characterized by a low level of genetic diversity. The newly developed microsatellite markers were useful in analyzing the genetic diversity and population structure of the C. gloeosporioides populations. Information obtained from this study could be useful as a base to design strategies for better management of leaf and fruit spot disease of citrus in Ethiopia. 相似文献