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81.
82.
Variable Photosynthetic Metabolism in Leaves and Stems of Cissus quadrangularis L 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
By measuring titratable acidity, gas exchange parameters, mesophyll succulence, and 13C/12C ratios, we have shown that Cissus quadrangularis L. has C3-like leaves and stems with Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). In addition, the nonsucculent leaves show the diurnal fluctuations in organic acids termed recycling despite the fact that all CO2 uptake and stomatal opening occurs during the day. Young succulent stems have more C3 photosynthesis than older stems, but both have characteristics of CAM. The genus Cissus will be a fruitful group to study the physiology, ecology, and evolution of C3 and CAM since species occur that exhibit characteristics of both photosynthetic pathways. 相似文献
83.
Shifts in the Carbon Metabolism of Xerosicyos danguyi H. Humb. (Cucurbitaceae) Brought About by Water Stress : II. Enzymology 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0
Xerosicyos danguyi Humbert (Cucurbitaceae) is a leaf succulent endemic to Madagascar. Under well-watered conditions, the plant exhibited Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) but shifted to a dampened form of CAM, CAM-idling, when subjected to water stress. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a shift in carbon metabolism on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and on NADP-malic enzyme in X. danguyi. Experiments were conducted to determine the diurnal patterns of enzyme activity and pH optima of both enzymes, as well as the approximate molecular mass, kinetic patterns, malate inhibition, and glucose-6-phosphate stimulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. The two enzymes extracted from well-watered and water-stressed plants were similar in most parameters investigated; thus, CAM-idling appeared to be only a dampened form of CAM photosynthesis. 相似文献
84.
In the leaf succulent Asclepiad Hoya carnosa (L.) R. Br., CAM photosynthesis occurred under well-watered conditions, as characterized by diurnal gas exchange and changes in titratable acidity. Following 10–12 days of severe water stress, the plants shifted from CAM to a modified CAM-idling mode of metabolism. CAM-idling was characterized by complete or almost complete stomatal closure accompanied by CAM-like diurnal changes in titratable acidity. H. carnosa plants maintained this CAM-idling mode of photosynthesis for at least 8 weeks. Upon reirrigation, the plants returned to the original CAM mode within 1 week. These results suggested that CAM-idling is a reversible, intermediate form of sustained metabolism which enables plant survival under conditions of extended drought.This work was supported in part by NSF Grant PCM 8200366 and in part by the Science and Education Administration of the United States Department of Agriculture under Competitive Grant 5901-0420-8-0018-0. 相似文献
85.
Bovine lens cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase exhibits Michaelis-Menten kinetics with acetaldehyde, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, propionaldehyde, glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, phenylacetylaldehyde and succinic semialdehyde as substrates. The enzyme was also active with malondialdehyde, and exhibited an esterase activity. Steady-state kinetic analyses show that the enzyme exhibits a compulsory-ordered ternary-complex mechanism with NAD+ binding before acetaldehyde. The enzyme was inhibited by disulfiram and by p-chloromercuribenzoate, and studies with with mercaptans indicated the involvement of thiol groups in catalysis. 相似文献
86.
Ting H. Hsiao 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》1969,12(5):777-788
Recent investigations of the Colorado potato beetle and the alfalfa weevil reveal many similarities in their modes of host selection. Many plant chemicals influence their behavioral responses and physiological processes. Chemical stimuli influencing host finding and acceptance or rejection of plants include attractants, repellents, sign stimulants, feeding stimulants and deterrents. Both species are highly sensitive to deterrent chemicals present in many plants. Feeding stimulants are indispensible for these insects and are supplied by both primary nutrients (i.e. sugars, amino acids, phospholipids and potassium salts) and secondary plant substances. The important role played by different plant chemicals in host selection and plant resistance is discussed.
Journal paper No. ...., Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, Utah. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Neuere Untersuchungen am Kartoffelkäfer und am Luzerneblattnager förderten viele Übereinstimmungen in der Art ihrer Wirtswahl zu Tage. Viele Pflanzenstoffe beeinflussen ihre Verhaltensweisen und physiologische Prozesse. Chemische Reize, welche die Auffindung des Wirtes, Annahme oder Ablehnung der Pflanzen beeinflussen, umfassen Attractants, Repellents, Signalstoffe, Fraß-Stimulatoren und Abschreckstoffe. Beide Arten sind hochempfindlich gegenüber abschreckenden Verbindungen in vielen Pflanzen. Fraß-Stimulatoren sind für beide Insekten unabdingbar notwendig und werden sowohl von primären Nährstoffen (wie Zucker, Aminosäuren, Phospholipiden und Natriumsalzen) wie von sekundären Pflanzenstoffen gestellt. Die bedeutsame Rolle, welche Pflanzenstoffe bei der Wirtswahl und der Resistenz der Pflanzen spielen, wird diskutiert.
Journal paper No. ...., Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, Utah. 相似文献
87.
88.
本文所讨论的材料是笔者之一(韩乃仁)于1961年夏在江西玉山李家棚附近的下奥陶统宁国页岩组中采得的(野外号码:F61001),代表一个新属新种,兹取名为“分离玉山笔石”(Yushanograptus separatus gen.et sp.nov.)。玉山笔石的特点是两个原始枝(横索)很长,分枝方式属于稜笔石式(穆恩之,1953,1956)。其尚未分枝的幼年时期,和一些纤细的对笔石,如Didymograptus gracilis T(?)rn-quist,D.congnatus Harris et Thomas 等,非常相似,每一原始枝在生长了11—12个胞管之后才开始正分枝,连续到六级以上。这种原始枝特长的特征,与联笔石(Zygograptus)相似,但分枝的形式不同。联笔石的分枝为枝笔石式,而我们的新属的分枝则为左右相间 相似文献
89.
90.
我国黄虻亚属(Subgenus Ochrops Szil.)的种类和分布(Tabanus,Tabanidae, Diptera) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一、序言 黄虻亚属(Subgenus Ochrops Szil.)隶属双翅目的虻科虻属(Tabanus,Tabanidae),主要分布于旧北区,已知约30余种,本亚属虻类具有以下几个特征;1.体色黄绿、灰黑或近金黄色;2.复眼中部有一条显著而细窄的黑带;3.额板(Callus)一般不大,中额板(middle callus)与之远离,额板和中额板的轮廓常不固定;4.触角各节都呈黄色;5.盾片无纹饰;6.r_4脉皆有坿枝。本亚属的虻类中有几种 相似文献