The effect of finoptin on the metabolism and pharmacological action of cyclophosphane in vivo and in vitro

Phynoptin (Ph) and cyclophosphamide (CP) gave rise to a type I spectral changes with liver microsomal fraction. KS were 15 microM and 2150 microM, respectively. Ph increases the concentration of NBP product(s) of CP and acrolein in the blood plasma of animals. Ph increases a toxicity of CP. LD50 was 388.0 +/- 13.9 mg/kg for CP and LD50 was 342.8 +/- 16.9 mg/kg for CP in combination with Ph. Ph changes a therapeutic action of CP in mice with hemocytoblastosis La. Pharmacokinetic interactions have been demonstrated between calcium antagonists Ph and CP.     

Small lake plankton and its essential polyunsaturated fatty acids content as affected by a colony of the common heron (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ardea cinerea</Emphasis> L.)

It is shown that in the area inhabited by a colony of the common heron in a high-trophic shallow lake a number of structure parameters of plankton undergoes changes similar to those observed at anthropogenic eutrophication and indicating an increase in biogenic and organic load. At the same time a number of changes is revealed that are usually not registered when human influence increases. The composition and content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in seston and zooplankton show that diatoms and detritus of land genesis play relatively smaller role in the zooplankton nutrition in the lake area influenced by the birds. The zooplankton developing in this zone is a better food rich in essential docosahexaenoic acid necessary for the growth and development of the fish.     

Reconstitution of liver monooxygenase system in solution from cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-specific flavoprotein monomers

Microsomal monooxygenase system was reconstituted in the presence of non-ionic detergent Emulgen 913 from cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-specific flavoprotein isolated from phenobarbital-induced rabbit liver microsomes. At Emulgen 913 concentration of 0.05 g/l mixed complex between flavoprotein and cytochrome was formed with 5: 5 protein molar ratio and molecular weight of 700 kD. The 2-hour incubation of the enzymes with 0.25 g/l Emulgen 913 at 4 degrees C was accompanied by dissociation of protein oligomers to monomers. The reconstituted systems containing flavoprotein and cytochrome as mixed complexes or monomers were able to catalyze NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 reduction and benzphetamine N-demethylation. Taking into consideration the effective concentrations of the enzymes the apparent second order rate constants of these reactions with monomers were 100 times those with complexes.     

The lymphocyte acetylcholinesterase activity in rats poisoned by pesticides

The experiments carried out present the evidence of acetylcholinesterase activity of Wistar rat lymphocytes. It was shown that splenocytes and thymocytes had significantly different levels of the enzyme activity. Peroral administration of phosphor-organic pesticide antio (phormothion) 1/100 and 1/20 LD50 induced the dose-dependent inhibition of splenocyte acetylcholine-esterase activity after 2 months of treatment. It suggests the relation of the immunosuppressive action of pesticide with the interference into the neuromediator mechanisms regulating the lymphoid cell function.     

Changes in phytoplankton diversity in the Volga Basin waterbodies

On the basis of studies on phytoplankton diversity indices in nine large reservoirs and seven weakly mineralized lakes in the Volga Basin, the main patterns of temporal and spatial changes in the indices are revealed. The dependence that these indices have on biomass and some abiotic factors is demonstrated.     

Reconstitution of the monooxygenase system in a solution and in an immobilized phospholipid layer

To clarify the molecular organization of NADH- and NADPH-dependent microsomal redox systems their isolated purified carriers were incorporated into immobilized azolectin layer with a higher viscosity than that of the liposomes. It was shown that the NADH-cytochrome c reductase activity characterizing the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 interaction sharply decreased in the immobilized system as compared to that in solution. However, the activity of hydroxylase reactions catalyzed by immobilized NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and cytochrome P-450 was the same as in solution. This, the reconstitution in the immobilized phospholipid layer allowed to characterize NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase as a system operating on occasional collisions of its components. On the contrary, the diffusion of the NADPH-dependent redox chain carriers was not the rate-limiting step of the reaction.     

Endocrine and metabolic mechanisms of the pathological syndrome due to antigens of homologous glial tissue in monkeys

Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) of both sexes repeatedly immunized with a complex of glial antigens of the homologous brain demonstrated abnormalities of hormonal functions after 1 to 5 weeks. These abnormalities were marked by a decrease in the total serum tyroxine (after 1 week) and a rise in the concentration of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) that occurred after 5 weeks. The changes in tyroxine level were more stable than those in the concentration of 11-OHCS. The immunized animals manifested changes in the disc electrophoregram of the serum. Application of stress resulted in a consistent elevation of the concentration of 11-OHCS and in temporary changes in the number and intensity of individual fractions of serum proteins. The fractional composition of serum proteins was different in control and experimental monkeys.     

Rheological properties of the blood and erythrocyte suspension after exposure to zootoxins

The rheological properties of blood (viscosity, suspension stability and deformation of red blood cells) have been studied under the influence of zootoxins. It has been shown that the toxins Apis mellifera, Mesobuthus eupeus, Agkistrodon blomhoffii in vitro exert essential effect on haemorheological indexes.