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排序方式: 共有305条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
41.
Yumi Matsushita Nobuo Yoshiike Fumi Kaneda Katsushi Yoshita Hidemi Takimoto 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2004,12(2):205-214
Objective: To describe the 25‐year changes in BMI (measured in kilograms per meters squared) and the prevalence of obesity in Japanese children with special reference to urban‐rural differences. Research Methods and Procedures: We used the data sets from the cross‐sectional annual nationwide surveys (National Nutrition Survey, Japan) conducted from 1976 to 2000 and comprising 29, 052 boys and 27, 552 girls between 6 and 14 years of age. We carried out the trend analyses with the data on sex and age groups and on residential areas according to the size of the municipality (metropolitan areas, cities, and small towns). Results: The mean (age‐adjusted) BMI increased by +0.32 kg/m2 per 10 years in boys and by +0.24 kg/m2 per 10 years in girls, increases that were remarkable in small towns. The prevalence of obese boys and girls increased from 6.1% and 7.1%, respectively, in the time‐period 1976 to 1980, to 11.1% and 10.2% in 1996 to 2000. The increasing trend was most evident in 9‐ to 11‐year‐old children of both sexes living in small towns, whereas no changes were observed in girls in metropolitan areas. Discussion: Our data clearly show increasing trends in obesity prevalence in Japanese school children. Degrees of the increasing trends, however, differed across sex and age groups and residential areas, demonstrating a particular phenomenon that girls in metropolitan areas were unlikely to become obese. These epidemiological aspects indicate the priorities for intervention in population strategies to control obesity in children. 相似文献
42.
Masayo Okumura Hisashi Yamakawa Osamu Ohara Katsushi Owaribe 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(8):6682-6687
BPAG1 (bullous pemphigoid antigen 1) was originally identified as a 230-kDa hemidesmosomal protein and belongs to the plakin family, because it consists of a plakin domain, a coiled-coil rod domain and a COOH-terminal intermediate filament binding domain. To date, alternatively spliced products of BPAG1, BPAG1e, and BPAG1n are known. BPAG1e is expressed in epithelial tissues and localized to hemidesmosomes, on the other hand, BPAG1n is expressed in neural tissues and muscles and has an actin binding domain at the NH(2)-terminal of BPAG1e. BPAG1 is also known as a gene responsible for Dystonia musculorum (dt) neurodegeneration syndrome of the mouse. Another plakin family protein MACF (microtubule actin cross-linking factor) has also an actin binding domain and the plakin domain at the NH(2)-terminal. However, in contrast to its high homology with BPAG1 at the NH(2)-terminal, the COOH-terminal structure of MACF, including a microtubule binding domain, resembles dystrophin rather than plakins. Here, we investigated RNAs and proteins expressed from the BPAG1 locus and suggest novel alternative splicing variants, which include one consisting of the COOH-terminal domain structure homologous to MACF. The results indicate that BPAG1 has three kinds of cytoskeletal binding domains and seems to play an important role in linking the different types of cytoskeletons. 相似文献
43.
44.
Phytochrome A is readily cleavable by proteolytic agents to yield an amino-terminal fragment of 66 kilodalton (kDa), which
consists of residues 1 to approximately 600, and a dimer of the carboxy-terminal 55-kDa fragment, from residue 600 or so to
the carboxyl terminus. The former domain, carrying the tetrapyrrole chromophore, has been studied extensively because of its
photoactivity, while less attention has been paid to the non-chromophoric portion until quite recently. However, the evidence
gathered to date suggests that this domain is also of great improtance. We present here a review of the structure and the
biochemical and physiological functions of the two domains, of parts of these domains, and of the cooperation between them. 相似文献
45.
46.
Identification of 2-phenylethanol with a rose-like odor from anal sac secretions of the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tamako Miyazaki Katsushi Nakata Takashi Nishimura Shintaro Abe Tetsuro Yamashita 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2018,82(2):232-237
The small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) is an invasive species in Okinawa and Amami-Oshima, Japan. Major strategies for their eradication have been the use of baited traps, which suffer from decreasing efficiency with declining populations and the bycatch of native animals. To address these concerns, mongoose-specific lures are required. In this study, we aimed to identify species- and/or sex-specific compounds from anal sac secretions of small Indian mongooses. Volatile compounds emitted from male and female mongoose anal sac secretions were analyzed by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition to several fatty acids, 2-phenylethanol was identified as a minor compound, which is uncommon in mammalian secretions but a dominant odorant in roses. Female samples emitted higher levels of 2-phenylethanol than male samples did. These findings indicate that 2-phenylethanol is a female-specific volatile compound of anal sac secretions in small Indian mongooses, and it may be useful as an ingredient of mongoose-specific scent lures. 相似文献
47.
48.
New variations of human SHP-1 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Masaki Matsushita N. Tsuchiya Takanori Oka Akio Yamane Katsushi Tokunaga 《Immunogenetics》1999,49(6):577-579
49.
Yuji Fukuchi Yoichi Kudo Takeshi Kumagai Keiichi Ebina Katsushi Yokota 《FEMS microbiology letters》1998,167(2):275-280
We have examined the effect of chemically modified human low density lipoproteins (LDLs) , acetylated LDL and oxidized LDL, on the hemolytic activity of Asp-hemolysin. Oxidized LDL, but not acetylated LDL, inhibited the hemolytic activity of this toxin. The inhibitory effects of oxidized LDL increased with the time of Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation. Similar inhibition was observed in the filtrate which was separated from the incubation mixture of Asp-hemolysin with oxidized LDL (for 2 h of oxidation) following ultrafiltration through a membrane with a molecular mass cutoff of 100 000. However, at longer LDL oxidation times, the inhibition by the filtrates was less than the control mixture without ultrafiltration. We suggest that the inhibition by oxidized LDL was due to the binding of oxidized LDL to Asp-hemolysin at shorter LDL oxidation times . 相似文献
50.
Katsushi Kuroda Kana Yamashita Takeshi Fujiwara 《Trees - Structure and Function》2009,23(6):1163-1172
The mechanism of heartwood formation in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don has long been studied since heartwood formation is a fundamental physiological feature of trees. In this study, the
water distribution in the xylem of C. japonica was investigated at the cellular level to reveal the role of water distribution in the xylem during heartwood formation.
Samples were taken from different heights of each trunk, in which the phases of heartwood formation differed. These were designated
as SIH, which consisted of sapwood, intermediate wood, and heartwood; SI, which consisted of sapwood and intermediate wood
but no heartwood; and S-all, which consisted entirely of sapwood. Cryo-scanning electron microscopic observations of the heartwood-formed
(SIH) and non-heartwood-formed (SI and S-all) xylem revealed different patterns of water distribution changes in tracheids
between the latewood and earlywood. In the latewood, almost all tracheids were filled with water in all areas from the sapwood
to the heartwood (98–100% of tracheids had water in their lumina). In the earlywood, however, the water distribution differed
between the sapwood (95–99%), intermediate wood (7–12%), and heartwood (4–100%). Many of the tracheids in the xylem, where
the sapwood changed to intermediate wood lost water. In the heartwood, some tracheids remained empty, while others were refilled
with water. These results suggest that the water distribution changes in individual tracheids are closely related to heartwood
formation. Water loss from tracheids may be an important factor inducing heartwood formation in the xylem of C. japonica. 相似文献