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21.
Theo S Plantinga Jaap Fransen Nozomi Takahashi Rinke Stienstra Piet L van Riel Wim B van den Berg Mihai G Netea Leo AB Joosten 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(1):1-10
Introduction
We have previously demonstrated that ex vivo inhibition of costimulatory molecules on antigen-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) can be useful for induction of antigen-specific immune deviation and suppression of autoimmune arthritis in the collagen induced arthritis (CIA) model. The current study evaluated a practical method of immune modulation through temporary systemic inhibition of the costimulatory molecule CD40.Methods
Mice with collagen II (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA) were administered siRNA targeting the CD40 molecule. Therapeutic effects were evaluated by clinical symptoms, histopathology, Ag-specific T cell and B cell immune responses.Results
Systemic administration of CD40-targeting siRNA can inhibit antigen-specific T cell response to collagen II, as well as prevent pathogenesis of disease in both a pre- and post-immunization manner in the CIA model. Disease amelioration was associated with suppression of Th1 cytokines, attenuation of antibody production, and upregulation of T regulatory cells.Conclusions
These studies support the feasibility of transient gene silencing at a systemic level as a mechanism of resetting autoreactive immunity. 相似文献22.
Masakazu Kobayashi Eiso AB Alexander M. J. J. Bonvin Gregg Siegal 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2010,285(13):10087-10097
BRCA1 C-terminal domain (BRCT)-containing proteins are found widely throughout the animal and bacteria kingdoms where they are exclusively involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA metabolism. Whereas most BRCT domains are involved in protein-protein interactions, a small subset has bona fide DNA binding activity. Here, we present the solution structure of the BRCT region of the large subunit of replication factor C bound to DNA and a model of the structure-specific complex with 5′-phosphorylated double-stranded DNA. The replication factor C BRCT domain possesses a large basic patch on one face, which includes residues that are structurally conserved and ligate the phosphate in phosphopeptide binding BRCT domains. An extra α-helix at the N terminus, which is required for DNA binding, inserts into the major groove and makes extensive contacts to the DNA backbone. The model of the protein-DNA complex suggests 5′-phosphate recognition by the BRCT domains of bacterial NAD+-dependent ligases and a nonclamp loading role for the replication factor C complex in DNA transactions. 相似文献
23.
Background
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has launched the HIV-1 Human Protein Interaction Database in an effort to catalogue all published interactions between HIV-1 and human proteins. In order to systematically investigate these interactions functionally and dynamically, we have constructed an HIV-1 human protein interaction network. This network was analyzed for important proteins and processes that are specific for the HIV life-cycle. In order to expose viral strategies, network motif analysis was carried out showing reoccurring patterns in virus-host dynamics. 相似文献24.
Karul AB Karadag F Yensel N Altinisik M Altun C Cildag O 《Biological trace element research》2003,94(1):41-47
We searched for serum concentrations of trace elements and correlated them to malondialdehyde (MDA), which is an indirect
marker of oxidative stress, in order to clarify if routine evaluation is necessary in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) outpatients. Serum concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg) were determined by atomic absorption
spectrophotometry and iron (Fe) by a ILLab 1800 autoanalyzer with ILLab test kits. Serum MDA concentrations were detected
in terms of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) spectrophotometrically.
Serum Cu, Zn, Mg, Fe, and MDA concentrations in patient and control groups were all in the normal reference range. The results
respectively were as follows: Cu:123±29.2 and 122.2±23.4 μg/dL; Zn: 87.8±17.8 and 96.9 ± 12.9 μg/dL; Mg: 2.3±0,5 and 2.04±0.28
mg/dL; Fe: 73.8±35.5 and 80.7±51.2 μg/dL; MDA: 1.09±0.11 and 0.95±0.06 nmol/L. MDA was not correlated to Cu, Zn, Mg, or Fe
(p>0.05 for all). The serum Zn concentration of COPD group was lower than the control group (p=0.042), whereas the Mg concentration was higher (p=0.021). There was no statistical difference in other study parameters. Oxidative stress was not increased in clinically stable,
regularly treated COPD patients. Although there was no deficiency in trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mg, and Zn), serum Zn was close
to the lower limit of the reference value. There is no need for routine evaluation of trace elements in clinically stable,
regularly treated COPD outpatients. 相似文献
25.
Tetraploid parenchymal rat liver nuclei incorporate about twice as much (3H)dexamethasone as diploid parenchymal nuclei both in vivo and in vitro. This suggests that the ability of hepatic nuclei to incorporate glucocorticoid hormone is influenced by the number of copies of the genome in these nuclei. 相似文献
26.
Oostra Ben A. Kok Klaas Van Vliet Adri J. Geert AB Gruber Max 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》1981,183(1):54-58
Molecular Genetics and Genomics - Macromolecular synthesis in an Escherichia coli mutant with a temperature-sensitive β′ subunit of RNA polymerase was analysed. At the non-permissive... 相似文献
27.
Bats account for 30% of mammal diversity in SE Asia and are potential bioindicators of wider biodiversity impacts resulting from habitat loss and climate change.As existing sampling techniques in the region typically fail to record bats that habitually fly in open areas and at higher altitudes,current inventory efforts are less than comprehensive.Acoustic sampling with bat detectors may help to overcome these limitations for insectivorous bats,but has yet to be tested in mainland SE Asia.To do so,we sampled... 相似文献
28.
IB Masters MM Eastburn PW Francis R Wootton PV Zimmerman RS Ware AB Chang 《Respiratory research》2005,6(1):16
Background
Flexible video bronchoscopes, in particular the Olympus BF Type 3C160, are commonly used in pediatric respiratory medicine. There is no data on the magnification and distortion effects of these bronchoscopes yet important clinical decisions are made from the images. The aim of this study was to systematically describe the magnification and distortion of flexible bronchoscope images taken at various distances from the object.Methods
Using images of known objects and processing these by digital video and computer programs both magnification and distortion scales were derived.Results
Magnification changes as a linear function between 100 mm (×1) and 10 mm (×9.55) and then as an exponential function between 10 mm and 3 mm (×40) from the object. Magnification depends on the axis of orientation of the object to the optic axis or geometrical axis of the bronchoscope. Magnification also varies across the field of view with the central magnification being 39% greater than at the periphery of the field of view at 15 mm from the object. However, in the paediatric situation the diameter of the orifices is usually less than 10 mm and thus this limits the exposure to these peripheral limits of magnification reduction. Intraclass correlations for measurements and repeatability studies between instruments are very high, r = 0.96. Distortion occurs as both barrel and geometric types but both types are heterogeneous across the field of view. Distortion of geometric type ranges up to 30% at 3 mm from the object but may be as low as 5% depending on the position of the object in relation to the optic axis.Conclusion
We conclude that the optimal working distance range is between 40 and 10 mm from the object. However the clinician should be cognisant of both variations in magnification and distortion in clinical judgements. 相似文献29.
Single cell profiling was performed to assess differences in RNA accumulation in neighboring hyphae of the fungus Aspergillus niger. A protocol was developed to isolate and amplify RNA from single hyphae or parts thereof. Microarray analysis resulted in
a present call for 4 to 7% of the A. niger genes, of which 12% showed heterogeneous RNA levels. These genes belonged to a wide range of gene categories. 相似文献
30.
Edith HC Cup Astrid Kinébanian Ton Satink Allan J Pieterse Henk T Hendricks Rob AB Oostendorp Gert Jan van der Wilt Baziel GM van Engelen 《BMC neurology》2011,11(1):86