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11.
Summary Petiolar felt-sheath of palm (Livistona chinensis) has been successfully used as a new biostructural matrix for the immobilization of fungal hyphae. The reticulated felt-sheath is made up of fibrous bundles having irregularly scattered membranous-foliose and fibrous outgrowths woven into a cohesive multi-layered mesh. Immobilization of Aspergillus niger was achieved with both spore and hyphal suspensions as the inoculum. Growth in immobilized cultures was 19% greater than in free cultures. 相似文献
12.
Synaptic plasma membranes (SPM) from the brain are known to have specific binding sites for several steroid hormones, but the mechanisms of membrane transduction of steroid signals is not understood. In this study, corticosterone was found to prevent temperature-dependent dissociation of endogenous calmodlin (CaM) from highly purified SPM from rat cerebral cortex. The steroid stabilizes Ca2+-dependent membrane binding of endogenous CaM (78% of total CaM), whereas Ca2+-independent binding of CaM (the other 22%) is not affected. The stabilization of membrane binding of endogenous CaM by corticosterone is concentration-dependent, with the maximal effect occurring at steroid concentration of 1 M. The EC50 is estimated as 130 nM, which is almost identical to the Kd of specific binding of the steroid to SPM (120 nM) reported previously. The effect in stabilizing membrane binding of CaM is specific to corticosterone and other glucocorticoids (cortisol, dexamethasone and triamcinolone); gonadal steroids (17-estradiol, progesterone and testosterone) are ineffective. Furthermore, corticosterone administration in vivo (2 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a rapid increase of CaM content in SPM, occurring within 5 min after steroid injection and persisting for at least 20 min. Since CaM mediates a variety of biochemical processes in synaptic membranes, we hypothesize that the effect of glucocorticoids in promoting membrane binding of CaM may lead to a cascade of consequences in synaptic membrane function.Special issue dedicated to Dr. Sidney Ochs. 相似文献
13.
The role of polyamines (PA) synthesis in NMDA receptor-mediated45Ca2+ fluxes and norepinephrine release was studied in rat hippocampal synaptosomes. NMDA (50M) caused a sharp (>2-fold) transient increase in PA synthesis regulating enzyme, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity with concomitant elevation in PA levels in the order putrescine>spermidine>spermine. ODC inhibitor, -difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), and NMDA antagonist, 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (D-AP5), both blocked increases in ODC activity and PA levels. Activation of NMDA receptors induced a sharp (3 to 4-fold) and quick (15 seconds) increase in45Ca2+ uptake by synaptosomes within 15 seconds of exposure at 37°C. The efflux of45Ca2+ and3H-norepinephrine (NE) release at 22°C from pre-loaded synaptosomes was also significantly (2 to 4-fold) enhanced by NMDA within 15 seconds. These NMDA receptor-mediated effects on calcium fluxes and NE release were blocked by NMDA receptor-antagonists (DAP-5 and MK-801) and PA synthesis inhibitor, DFMO and the DFMO inhibition nullified by exogenous putrescine. These observations establish that ODC/PA cascade play an important role in transduction of excitatory amino acid mediated signals at NMDA receptors.Special issue dedicated to Dr. Sidney Ochs. 相似文献
14.
Growth and extracellular polysaccharide production byPorphyridium cruentum were measured as a function of several culture parameters. Photon flux density of 75 μmol m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration of 2.5% were found to be optimum for both growth and extracellular polysaccharide production. Interactive studies
on these two parameters further confirmed that at these levels of photon flux density and CO2, when applied together, both growth (5.9·107 cells per mL) and extracellular polysaccharide production (1.9 g/L) were at the maximum. Maximum growth and extracellular
polysaccharide production were observed at inoculum density of 106 cells per mL and aeration rate of 500 mL air per min per liter. 相似文献
15.
Binding of [125I]calmodulin was characterized in highly purified synaptic plasma membrane (SPM) prepared from rat brain. By Scatchard analysis, the Ca2+-dependent membrane binding of [125I]calmodulin was found to have a Bmax of 284 pmol/mg protein and an apparent affinity with a Kd of 131 nM. Kinetic analysis indicates that at 37°C, the dissociation of [125I]calmodulinmembrane complexes follows first-order reaction and consists of two components: a dissociation constant (k) of 3.7×10–1 min–1 and a half-time (t1/2) of 1.8 min for the fast component, and a k of 4.8×10–2 min–1 and a t1/2 of 14.5 min for the slow component. At 0°C, substantial dissociation still occurred, with a k of 4.5×10–2 min–1 and a t1/2 of 15.3 min for the fast component, and a k of 5.5×10–3 min–1 and a t1/2 of 125.5 min for the slow component. These data on binding affinity and dissociation kinetics are consistent with the notion that SPM can readily and rapidly associated and dissociate calmodulin. In Arrhenius analysis of temperature effects, [125I]calmodulin binding to SPM exhibits a biphasic function, with the transition temperature (Td) estimated to be 23.8°C, suggesting that binding is influenced by lipid phase transition of the membrane. The binding of [125I]calmodulin to the synaptic membrane was found to be increased by corticosterone (10–7–10–6 M), a steroid hormone, and decreased by ethanol (50–200 mM), a centrally acting drug. Our data on the characteristics of calmodulin binding to the SPM provide groundwork for future studies on physiological and pharmacological regulation of calmodulin translocation to and from the plasma membrane in synaptic terminals.Abbreviations used CaM
calmodulin
- SPM
synaptic plasma membrane
- ATPase
adenosine triphosphatase
- Tris
tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
- EGTA
ethylene-bis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid
- SDS
sodium dodecyl sulfate
- TFP
trifluoperazine
- Kd
dissociation constant
- Bmax
maximum binding
- k
first-order rate constant
- t1/2
half-time
- Td
transition temperature 相似文献
16.
Mammalian Genome - Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease with an imbalance in blood glucose concentration. There are significant studies currently showing association between T2D and... 相似文献
17.
18.
Md. Aktar-Uz-Zaman Md. Ariful Islam Md. Shahin Iqbal Md. Jahangir Alam Debashish Sarkar Bander Albogami Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain 《Phyton》2023,92(3):883-899
Ensuring food security for the rapidly increasing population and changing climatic scenarios are requisites for
exploiting the genetic divergence of food crops. A study was undertaken to sort out an early maturing chickpea
variety for fitting easily between rice-rice cropping systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain of Bangladesh. The
trial was comprised of eight elite lines of chickpea and executed at various localities in Bangladesh from 2014–
15 to 2017–18. The result explored the chickpea genotype, BARI Chola-11 remained superior to the rest of
the elite genotypes for having a short maturity period (100–106 days), and lesser days to 50% flowering (47–
55 days). The same genotype was recorded to have robust vegetative and reproductive yield attributes including
plant height (49–57 cm), podsplant−1 (37–50), and optimum 100 seed weight (19.5–20.6 g). Owing to better yield
attributes, BARI Chola-11 resulted in the maximum seed yield (1200–1500 kg ha−1
) of chickpea and might be
recommended for general adoption in the region for boosting nutritional security status through improved productivity under changing climate. 相似文献
19.
Shafiq Fahad Iqbal Muhammad Raza Syed Hammad Akram Nudrat Aisha Ashraf Muhammad 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2023,42(3):1267-1290
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation - Fullerenols are carbon nanoparticles that have been declared as free radical sponges. There is a need to take a prudent path toward its applications in various... 相似文献
20.
Amir Hamza Khan Dr. Said Hassan Muhammad Aamir Dr. Muhammad Waseem Khan Dr. Fazal Haq Junaid Hayat Dr. Muhammad Rizwan Dr. Amin Ullah Izzat Ullah Dr. Gokhan Zengin Dr. Arshad Farid 《化学与生物多样性》2023,20(10):e202301068
The current study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by Spirulina platensis extract. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The antioxidant activity of the biosynthesized AgNPs were determined via DPPH radical scavenging assay while its anticancer activity was determined using the MTT assay. The antimicrobial activity of the biosynthesized AgNPs were analyzed by disc diffusion method. Spirulina platensis acts as a reducing and capping agent. The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative bacteria, specifically Acetobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was assessed by the utilisation of the diffusion method. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against many strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The findings of the study revealed that when administered in doses of 50 μl, 75 μl, and 100 μl, the largest observed zone of inhibition corresponded to measurements of 10.5 mm, 14 mm, and 16 mm, respectively. A zone of inhibition with dimensions of 8 mm, 10.5 mm, and 12 mm was detected during testing against Acetobacter at concentrations of 50 μl, 75 μl, and 100 μl, respectively. The findings also indicate that there is a positive correlation between the concentration of AgNP and the DPPH scavenging ability of silver nanoparticles. The percentage of inhibition observed at concentrations of 500 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, 300 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml were recorded as 80±1.98, 61±1.98, 52±1.5, 42±1.99, and 36±1.97, respectively. In addition, it was observed that the silver nanoparticles exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity at a concentration of 500 g/ml, with a measured value of 80.89±1.99. The IC-50 values, representing the inhibitory concentration required to achieve 50 % inhibition, were found to be 8.16, 19.15, 30.14, 41.13, and 63.11 at inhibition levels of 36±1.97, 42±1.99, 52±1.5, 61±1.98, and 80±1.98, respectively. 相似文献