30年泰山繁殖鸟类种类变化

泰山位于山东省中部,是华北中东部地区海拔最高的山脉,地形多样,生境复杂,是鸟类重要的繁殖地和迁徙停歇地。根据1984~1988年和2013~2015年两个时期野外调查及访谈调查结果,比较了近30年泰山繁殖鸟类种类的组成变化。相比20世纪80年代记录的繁殖鸟类13目35科72种,2013~2015年的调查记录到繁殖鸟类11目34科84种,与30年前相比净增长12种繁殖鸟类,其中新增繁殖鸟类记录32种,消失鸟类记录20种。新增种类主要是林地和灌丛鸟类,多为东洋种,消失的种类主要是湿地和农田草地鸟类,多为古北种和广布种。鸟类新增和消失的原因多样,但主要是栖息地面积和质量的改变,同时私自放生也是一个重要原因。本研究结果可丰富泰山地区随时间尺度变化的鸟类本底数据,并为泰山鸟类的保护提供科学依据。     

Inhibition of dengue virus replication by diisopropyl chrysin-7-yl phosphate

Dengue fever is a tropical disease and caused by dengue virus (DENV), which is transmitted by mosquitoes and infects about 400 million people annually. With the development of international trade and travel, China is facing a growing threat. Over 40 thousands of people were infected during the 2014 DENV outbreak in Guangdong. Neither licensed vaccine nor therapeutic drug has been available. In this report, we isolated two clinical DENV strains. The full-length genome was sequenced and characterized. We also applied a flavonoid, CPI, into an anti-DENV assay. Replication of viral RNA and expression of viral protein was all strongly inhibited. These results indicated that CPI may serve as potential protective agents in the treatment of patients with chronic DENV infection.     

Interaction between fasudil hydrochloride and bovine serum albumin: spectroscopic study

The interaction between fasudil hydrochloride (FSD) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using fluorescence and ultraviolet spectroscopy under imitated physiological conditions. The Stern–Volmer quenching model has been successfully applied and the results revealed that FSD could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA effectively via static quenching. The binding constants and binding sites for the BSA–FSD system were evaluated. The corresponding thermodynamic parameters obtained at different temperatures indicated that hydrophobic force played a major role in the interaction of FSD and BSA. The distance between the donor (BSA) and the acceptor (FSD) was obtained according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and FT‐IR spectra showed that the conformation of BSA was changed in the presence of FSD. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tunable emission,energy transfer and charge compensation in SrMoO4:Sm3+,Tb3+,Na+ phosphor

A series of SrMoO₄:Sm³⁺,Tb³⁺,Na⁺ phosphors was synthesized using a high‐temperature solid‐state reaction method in air. On excitation at 290 nm, SrMoO₄:Sm³⁺,Tb³⁺ phosphor emitted light that varied systematically from green to reddish‐orange on changing the Sm³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ion concentrations. The emission intensities of SrMoO₄:Sm³⁺ and SrMoO₄:Sm³⁺,Tb³⁺ phosphors were increased two to four times due to charge compensation when Na⁺ was added as a charge compensator. The luminescence mechanism and energy transfer could be explained using energy‐level diagrams of the MoO₄^2– group, Sm³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions. SrMoO₄:Sm³⁺,Tb³⁺,Na⁺ could be used as reddish‐orange phosphor in white light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on an ~ 405 nm near‐UV LED chip. This research is helpful in adjusting and improving the luminescence properties of other phosphors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study of the binding and energy transfer of erbium ion with rhaponticin and its pharmacokinetics application

Binding and energy transfer of an erbium ion with rhaponticin (RH) was investigated and a simple spectrofluorimetric method was developed for determination of RH using an Er³⁺ probe. Results using spectra, chromatography and density functional theory (DFT) indicated that binding of Er³⁺ to RH occurred at the hydroxyl group of C‐11 and at the methoxy group at C‐12 of the conjugated aromatic ring through hydrogen bonding. Resonance energy transfer (RET) occurred from intramolecular charge transfers (ICT), the binding of RH to Er³⁺ ion induced fluorescence enhancement (FE) of the Er³⁺ ion. This method was applied to the pharmacokinetic detection of RH. The main advantages of the proposed method compared with previously reported ones are its simplicity and lower cost. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FgPrp4 Kinase Is Important for Spliceosome B-Complex Activation and Splicing Efficiency in Fusarium graminearum

PRP4 encodes the only kinase among the spliceosome components. Although it is an essential gene in the fission yeast and other eukaryotic organisms, the Fgprp4 mutant was viable in the wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum. Deletion of FgPRP4 did not block intron splicing but affected intron splicing efficiency in over 60% of the F. graminearum genes. The Fgprp4 mutant had severe growth defects and produced spontaneous suppressors that were recovered in growth rate. Suppressor mutations were identified in the PRP6, PRP31, BRR2, and PRP8 orthologs in nine suppressor strains by sequencing analysis with candidate tri-snRNP component genes. The Q86K mutation in FgMSL1 was identified by whole genome sequencing in suppressor mutant S3. Whereas two of the suppressor mutations in FgBrr2 and FgPrp8 were similar to those characterized in their orthologs in yeasts, suppressor mutations in Prp6 and Prp31 orthologs or FgMSL1 have not been reported. Interestingly, four and two suppressor mutations identified in FgPrp6 and FgPrp31, respectively, all are near the conserved Prp4-phosphorylation sites, suggesting that these mutations may have similar effects with phosphorylation by Prp4 kinase. In FgPrp31, the non-sense mutation at R464 resulted in the truncation of the C-terminal 130 aa region that contains all the conserved Prp4-phosphorylation sites. Deletion analysis showed that the N-terminal 310-aa rich in SR residues plays a critical role in the localization and functions of FgPrp4. We also conducted phosphoproteomics analysis with FgPrp4 and identified S289 as the phosphorylation site that is essential for its functions. These results indicated that FgPrp4 is critical for splicing efficiency but not essential for intron splicing, and FgPrp4 may regulate pre-mRNA splicing by phosphorylation of other components of the tri-snRNP although itself may be activated by phosphorylation at S289.     

Role of long non‐coding RNA MIAT in proliferation,apoptosis and migration of lens epithelial cells: a clinical and in vitro study

Age‐related cataract is among the most common chronic disorders of ageing and is the world's leading blinding disorder. Long non‐coding RNAs play important roles in several biological processes and complicated diseases. However, the role of lncRNAs in the setting of cataract is still unknown. Here, we extracted total RNAs from the transparent and age‐matched cataractous human lenses, and determined lncRNA expression profiles using microarray analysis. We found that 38 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between transparent and cataractous lenses. 17 of 20 differentially expressed lncRNAs were further verified by quantitative RT‐PCRs. One top abundant lncRNA, MIAT, was specifically up‐regulated both in the plasma fraction of whole blood and aqueous humor of cataract patients. MIAT knockdown could affect the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of Human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) upon oxidative stress. Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication of cataract surgery, which is associated with abnormal production of inflammatory factors. MIAT knockdown could repress tumour necrosis factor‐α‐induced abnormal proliferation and migration of HLECs, suggesting a potential role of MIAT in PCO‐related pathological process. Moreover, we found that MIAT acted as a ceRNA, and formed a feedback loop with Akt and miR‐150‐5p to regulate HLEC function. Collectively, this study provides a novel insight into the pathogenesis of age‐related cataract.