新型资源植物迷迭香的化学成分及其应用

迷迭香(Rosmarinus officinalis L.)系唇形科迭香属植物,本品原系香料植物,近年来大量用于药品、食品、化妆品及日用品等方面。本文对其化学成分及其应用进行了综述,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

小梅山猪Ghrelin基因的克隆及其在生殖轴的表达

以小梅山母猪为试验材料,通过RT-PCR、克隆及荧光定量,研究Ghrelin在其生长发育不同阶段生殖轴表达情况,旨在探究Ghrelin对动物繁殖性能的影响。结果表明,初生、初情期至性成熟卵巢Ghrelin mRNA表达量呈上升趋势,不同阶段间差异显著(P<0.05)。性成熟时生殖轴不同组织Ghrelin mRNA表达量,卵巢明显高于垂体和下丘脑(P<0.05),而垂体与下丘脑间差异则不显著(P>0.05)。     

Immune changes of Schistosoma japonicum infections in various rodent disease models

Rodent models for Schistosoma japonicum infections have demonstrated that these animals possess a degree of resistance to schistosome infections that may be both T and B lymphocyte-mediated. However, their exact role is not well-defined and other immune mechanisms are likely to also play a role in protecting against infection. Immunosuppressed and immunocompetent reed voles (Microtus fortis, Mf), rats and mice (n=24/group) were infected with S. japonicum, and animals were sacrificed 42 days later under anesthesia. Neither worms nor eggs were observed in infected immunosuppressed Mf or rats, with the exception of one rat that presented with few eggs. In immunosuppressed mice, changes in the number and size of the worms were not significantly different compared to immunocompetent mice, but worm fecundity was affected. The size and number of granulomas in immunosuppressed animals was also reduced. Analysis of serum antibodies specific to schistosome adult worm antigen at 3 weeks post-infection demonstrated that the levels of antibodies in the sera of rats were significantly higher than in Mf and mice. In addition, Mf serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 were significantly higher than levels observed in rats and mice. Antibodies and cytokines in the sera of Mf peaked 3 weeks post-infection and then began to decrease, while antibody responses in rats and mice increased gradually between weeks 3-7 post-infection. It is possible that T and B cells have a dual role in both mediating protection and exacerbating disease outcomes.     

Thr 3 phosphorylated histone H3 concentrates at centromeric chromatin at metaphase

Thr 3 was one of the newly characterized phosphorylation sites on histone H3. However, the functional significance of histone H3 Thr 3 phosphorylation during mitosis is unclear. In this study, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis showed that histone H3 Thr 3 was phosphorylated specially during mitosis in MCF-10A and ECV-304 cells. Using indirect immunofluorescence labeling and laser confocal microscopy, we demonstrated that histone H3 Thr 3 phosphorylation occurred from prophase to anaphase and dephosphorylated completely in telophase. Remarkably, Thr 3 phosphorylated histone H3 mostly concentrated at centromeric chromatin at metaphase, which was distinct with Ser 10 phosphorylation aggregated at the telomere, but similar to that characteristic of Thr 11 phosphorylated H3 which is largely restricted to the centromeric chromatin. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, we provided direct evidence that the Thr 3 phosphorylated H3 is associated with centromeric DNA at metaphase. These findings suggested that at metaphase Thr 3 phosphorylated histone H3 may also participate in kinetochore assembly to promote faithful chromosome segregation and serve as another recognition code for kinetochore proteins.     

牛免疫缺陷病毒（BIV）92044毒株的分离及鉴定

从一头标号为９２０４４４的进口奶牛分离外周血淋巴细胞,将此淋巴细胞与正常胎牛肺细胞进行共培养。一个月后共培养物出现合胸体。此外电镜观察可见病毒的出芽过程。免疫染色显示,此培养物可与牛免疫缺陷病毒外膜蛋白的单克隆抗体特异性结合。     

牛泡沫病毒（BSV）3026毒株的分离及分子生物学鉴定

从一头牛免疫缺陷病毒（ＢＩＶ）检测阳性３０２６号牛外周血中,分离到一株病毒,即３０２６病毒株。体外细胞增减和反转录分析证明,此病毒是一反转录病毒。可胎牛肺细胞中引起典型的泡沫样病变,形成合胞体,ＰＣＲ扩增和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｍ杂交显示,此病毒的ＣＤＮＡ和ＰＣＲ产的均可与牛泡沫病毒（ＢＳＶ）阳性对照的ＨｉｒｔＤＮＡ杂交。３‘ＬＴＲ上游一段３３０ｂｐ的ＰＣＲ产物序理分析表明,３０２６毒株与ＢＳＶ阳性对照相比     

抑制素α基因表达下调对鹅卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡和增殖的影响

抑制素α基因是控制家禽排卵率的一个重要候选基因。为研究抑制素α基因对体外培养的鹅卵泡颗粒细胞增殖凋亡的遗传作用,构建psiRNA-INHα1和psiRNA-INHα2两个抑制素α基因干扰载体,以降低抑制素α基因表达。体外培养鹅F1和闭锁卵泡的颗粒细胞,经抑制素α基因干扰48h后,荧光显微镜检测转染效率,同时用流式细胞术检测抑制素α基因表达水平,以及细胞生长周期、细胞凋亡指数和增殖指数的变化,用放免法测定细胞培养上清中雌激素和孕酮水平。结果表明,抑制素α基因干扰后卵泡颗粒细胞抑制素表达水平比对照组降低30%～40%（P〈0.05）;细胞凋亡指数和增值指数显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;细胞分泌雌激素水平显著下降（P〈0.05）。由此推断,抑制素α基因对颗粒细胞具有显著的抗凋亡效应。     

大豆出苗期和苗期对盐胁迫的响应及耐盐指标评价

比较了4个大豆品种出苗期和苗期的耐盐性,测定150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下的株高、下胚轴长、侧根数、地上干/鲜重、根干/鲜重、MDA含量、SOD活性、游离Pro含量,并将幼苗移栽到田间生长至成熟。结果表明:出苗期和苗期盐胁迫下4个品种的株高都显著降低、地上干/鲜重和根干/鲜重降低;出苗期胁迫侧根数减少,下胚轴长降低;而苗期胁迫侧根数增加,下胚轴长升高。未胁迫条件下,出苗期和苗期耐盐性强的品种22021-1的MDA含量和SOD活性高于耐盐性弱的品种22293-1。胁迫后,22021-1的MDA含量降低、SOD活性升高,其MDA含量分别比对照低51.03%和21.45%,SOD活性比对照高5.85%和45.77%;22293-1的MDA含量出苗期比对照高58.97%,苗期基本无变化,SOD活性出苗期和苗期升高都不显著。MDA和SOD可以作为大豆耐盐性筛选指标。早期的短时胁迫对不同耐盐性大豆品种的经济产量影响不同。     

三种山茶属金花茶组植物花朵类黄酮成分研究

该研究以山茶属金花茶组的金花茶、凹脉金花茶和崇左金花茶为材料,利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用技术定性定量分析其花朵中类黄酮成分与含量。结果表明:三种植物中检测到15种类黄酮,其中天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷为金花茶组首次发现;槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷和山萘酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷为凹脉金花茶和崇左金花茶中首次发现。儿茶素、表儿茶素、槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷和山萘酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷为三个物种主体成分;天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷为金花茶特有,槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷为崇左金花茶特有;木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷主要存在于金花茶和崇左金花茶;木犀草素主要存在于凹脉金花茶和崇左金花茶。类黄酮类型主要为儿茶素类、槲皮素类、木犀草素类和山萘酚类;崇左金花茶中槲皮素类、木犀草素类及类黄酮总量远高于金花茶和凹脉金花茶,凹脉金花茶和崇左金花茶儿茶素类高于金花茶,金花茶和崇左金花茶山萘酚类高于凹脉金花茶。     

Effects of anthocyanin-rich Kadsura coccinea extract on the physical,antioxidant, and pH-sensitive properties of biodegradable film

Food Biophysics - The pH-sensitive films were developed by adding Kadsura coccinea (KC) extract to chitosan (CH), gelatin (GL), and sodium alginate (SA) matrix. Due to abundant anthocyanin content,...