全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1384篇 |
免费 | 65篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 23篇 |
2021年 | 99篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 47篇 |
2018年 | 44篇 |
2017年 | 34篇 |
2016年 | 57篇 |
2015年 | 62篇 |
2014年 | 81篇 |
2013年 | 113篇 |
2012年 | 124篇 |
2011年 | 102篇 |
2010年 | 45篇 |
2009年 | 58篇 |
2008年 | 62篇 |
2007年 | 65篇 |
2006年 | 62篇 |
2005年 | 68篇 |
2004年 | 39篇 |
2003年 | 39篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1456条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
51.
Fatema Alzahrani Hiroyuki Kuwahara Yongkang Long Mohammed Al-Owain Mohamed Tohary Moeenaldeen AlSayed Mohammed Mahnashi Lana Fathi Maha Alnemer Mohamed H. Al-Hamed Gabrielle Lemire Kym M. Boycott Mais Hashem Wenkai Han Almundher Al-Maawali Feisal Al Mahrizi Khalid Al-Thihli Xin Gao Fowzan S. Alkuraya 《American journal of human genetics》2020,107(6):1178
52.
Xiang Liu Shangqi Li Wenzhu Peng Shuaisheng Feng Jianxin Feng Shahid Mahboob Khalid A. Al-Ghanim Peng Xu 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) gene family is considered to be one of the largest gene families in all forms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic life. Although the ABC transporter genes have been annotated in some species, detailed information about the ABC superfamily and the evolutionary characterization of ABC genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are still unclear. In this research, we identified 61 ABC transporter genes in the common carp genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they could be classified into seven subfamilies, namely 11 ABCAs, six ABCBs, 19 ABCCs, eight ABCDs, two ABCEs, four ABCFs, and 11 ABCGs. Comparative analysis of the ABC genes in seven vertebrate species including common carp, showed that at least 10 common carp genes were retained from the third round of whole genome duplication, while 12 duplicated ABC genes may have come from the fourth round of whole genome duplication. Gene losses were also observed for 14 ABC genes. Expression profiles of the 61 ABC genes in six common carp tissues (brain, heart, spleen, kidney, intestine, and gill) revealed extensive functional divergence among the ABC genes. Different copies of some genes had tissue-specific expression patterns, which may indicate some gene function specialization. This study provides essential genomic resources for future studies in common carp. 相似文献
53.
54.
Yongqiang Liu Fuqian Yang Hongtie Pu Junping Su Zongjiang Liu Khalid Hussain Dhiloo Zhongyue Wang 《PloS one》2016,11(11)
Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch) (Hemiptera, Phylloxeridae), is a very destructive insect pest of grapevines. Intercropping of Achyranthes bidentata Blume (f. Amaranthaceae) and Vitis spp. grapevines can be useful to control this pest. In the present study, the toxicity of 22 compounds, known to be present in A. bidentata, to grape phylloxera was evaluated. All treatments were toxic towards grape phylloxera but the degree of toxicity differed between treatments. Among the 22 tested compounds, several of which proved toxic towards grape phylloxera. However β-ecdysterone had higher toxic effects against grape phylloxera, with LC50 values of 175.73 mg a.i. liter-1. In addition, we assessed the sublethal effects of LC10, LC20 and LC40 of β-ecdysterone on grape phylloxera. The fourth instar and adult developmental periods and total life span were significantly prolonged by LC40 of β-ecdysterone. Fecundity decreased when grape phylloxera were exposed to LC20 and LC40 of β-ecdysterone. In addition, LC40 of β-ecdysterone decreased the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) and prolonged the population doubling time (DT). The net reproductive rate (R0) was significantly reduced by both the LC20 and LC40 β-ecdysterone treatments. Our results demonstrated that β-ecdysterone had higher toxic effects and significant sublethal effects on grape phylloxera, and showed potential control of grape phylloxera. 相似文献
55.
56.
57.
Shutao Xie Nana Jin Jianlan Gu Jianhua Shi Jianming Sun Dandan Chu Liang Zhang Chun‐ling Dai Jin‐hua Gu Cheng‐Xin Gong Khalid Iqbal Fei Liu 《Aging cell》2016,15(3):455-464
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized clinically by memory loss and cognitive decline. Protein kinase A (PKA)‐CREB signaling plays a critical role in learning and memory. It is known that glucose uptake and O‐GlcNAcylation are reduced in AD brain. In this study, we found that PKA catalytic subunits (PKAcs) were posttranslationally modified by O‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAc). O‐GlcNAcylation regulated the subcellular location of PKAcα and PKAcβ and enhanced their kinase activity. Upregulation of O‐GlcNAcylation in metabolically active rat brain slices by O‐(2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐d ‐glucopyranosylidenamino) N‐phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc), an inhibitor of N‐acetylglucosaminidase, increased the phosphorylation of tau at the PKA site, Ser214, but not at the non‐PKA site, Thr205. In contrast, in rat and mouse brains, downregulation of O‐GlcNAcylation caused decreases in the phosphorylation of CREB at Ser133 and of tau at Ser214, but not at Thr205. Reduction in O‐GlcNAcylation through intracerebroventricular injection of 6‐diazo‐5‐oxo‐l ‐norleucine (DON), the inhibitor of glutamine fructose‐6‐phosphate amidotransferase, suppressed PKA‐CREB signaling and impaired learning and memory in mice. These results indicate that in addition to cAMP and phosphorylation, O‐GlcNAcylation is a novel mechanism that regulates PKA‐CREB signaling. Downregulation of O‐GlcNAcylation suppresses PKA‐CREB signaling and consequently causes learning and memory deficits in AD. 相似文献
58.
Khalid O. Alfarouk 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2016,31(6):859-866
Cancer cells reprogram their metabolic machineries to enter into permanent glycolytic pathways. The full reason for such reprogramming takes place is unclear. However, this metabolic switch is not made in vain for the lactate that is generated and exported outside cells is reused by other cells. This results in the generation of a pH gradient between the low extracellular pH that is acidic (pHe) and the higher cytosolic alkaline or near neutral pH (pHi) environments that are tightly regulated by the overexpression of several pumps and ion channels (e.g. NHE-1, MCT-1, V-ATPase, CA9, and CA12). The generation of this unique pH gradient serves as a determining factor in defining “tumor fitness”. Tumor fitness is the capacity of the tumor to invade and metastasize due to its ability to reduce the efficiency of the immune system and confer resistance to chemotherapy. In this article, we highlight the importance of tumor microenvironment in mediating the failure of chemotherapeutic agents. 相似文献
59.
60.
Khalid A. Al-Hothaly Mohamed Taha Brian H. May Stella Stylianou Andrew S. Ball Eric M. Adetutu 《欧洲藻类学杂志》2016,51(1):1-10
The green alga Botryococcus braunii is widely recognized as a source of non-fossil oil. However, limitations in Botryococcus biomass production hamper its commercial exploitation. This study examines the effects of nutrients (nitrogen and iron) and environmental conditions (temperature, light intensity and photoperiod) on biomass and oil production in two B. braunii Race B strains, Kossou-4 and Overjuyo-3. The highest biomass and oil production were obtained at a nitrogen concentration of 750 mg l?1, iron concentration of 6 mg l?1, at 25°C and at 135 µmol photons m?2 s?1 with a photoperiod of 16 h light:8 h darkness. Culturing the strains in Blue-green (BG11) medium containing optimized nutrients under optimal conditions resulted in an up to ~10.6-fold increase in biomass. In Kossou-4 and Overjuyo-3 strains, biomass increased from 1.647 g 10 l?1 and 3.137 g 10 l?1 respectively in normal BG11 medium to 17.390 g 10 l?1 and 21.721 g 10 l?1 in optimized BG11 media and growth conditions. This was accompanied by ~8–10.5-fold increase in oil production compared with that in normal BG11 medium. Oil (0.324 g 10 l?1 and 0.211 g 10 l?1) was produced in normal BG11 medium in Kossou-4 and Overjuyo-3 strains respectively, compared with 2.642 g 10 l?1 (Kossou-4) and 2.206 g 10 l?1 (Overjuyo-3) in modified BG11 media under optimized conditions. Therefore, optimization of nutrients and environmental conditions can increase biomass and oil production in the two strains of B. braunii. 相似文献