滇南及滇东南胶孔菌复合群的分类地理研究

报道了我国滇南及滇东南热带、亚热带胶孔菌复合群众路线属６种,其中瘤丝牛肝菌Ｆｉｌｏｂｏｌｅｔｕｓ ｖｅｒｒｕｃｕｌｏｓｕｓ Ｐ．Ｇ．Ｌｉｕ和滇丝牛肝菌Ｆ．ｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｐ．Ｇ．Ｌｉｕ是新种,紫兰小菇Ｍｙｃｅｎａ ｖｉｏｌａｃｅｌｌａ（Ｓｐｅｑ．）Ｓｉｎｇ。是我国新纪录种;新种附有拉丁文描术和插图,新纪录和附有形态解剖图。本文所引证标本均存放于中国科学院昆明植物研究所隐花植物标本馆（ＨＫＡ     

Machado-Joseph Disease in Pedigrees of Azorean descent is Linked to Chromosome 14

A locus for Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) has recently been mapped to a 30-cM region of chromosome 14q in five pedigrees of Japanese descent. MJD is a clinically pleomorphic neurodegenerative disease that was originally described in subjects of Azorean descent. In light of the nonallelic heterogeneity in other inherited spinocere-bellar ataxias, we were interested to determine if the MJD phenotype in Japanese and Azorean pedigrees arose from mutations at the same locus. We provide evidence that MJD in five pedigrees of Azorean descent is also linked to chromosome 14q in an 18-cM region between the markers D14S67 and AACT (multipoint lod score +7.00 near D14S81). We also report molecular evidence for homozy-gosity at the MJD locus in an MJD-affected subject with severe, early-onset symptoms. These observations confirm the initial report of linkage of MJD to chromosome 14; suggest that MJD in Japanese and Azorean subjects may represent allelic or identical mutations at the same locus; and provide one possible explanation (MJD gene dosage) for the observed phenotypic heterogeneity in this disease.     

The pKa of the protonated Schiff bases of gecko cone and octopus visual pigments.

A visual pigment is composed of retinal bound to its apoprotein by a protonated Schiff base linkage. Light isomerizes the chromophore and eventually causes the deprotonation of this Schiff base linkage at the meta II stage of the bleaching cycle. The meta II intermediate of the visual pigment is the active form of the pigment that binds to and activates the G protein transducin, starting the visual cascade. The deprotonation of the Schiff base is mandatory for the formation of meta II intermediate. We studied the proton binding affinity, pKa, of the Schiff base of both octopus rhodopsin and the gecko cone pigment P521 by spectral titration. Several fluorinated retinal analogs have strong electron withdrawing character around the Schiff base region and lower the Schiff base pKa in model compounds. We regenerated octopus and gecko visual pigments with these fluorinated and other retinal analogs. Experiments on these artificial pigments showed that the spectral changes seen upon raising the pH indeed reflected the pKa of the Schiff base and not the denaturation of the pigment or the deprotonation of some other group in the pigment. The Schiff base pKa is 10.4 for octopus rhodopsin and 9.9 for the gecko cone pigment. We also showed that although the removal of Cl- ions causes considerable blue-shift in the gecko cone pigment P521, it affects the Schiff base pKa very little, indicating that the lambda max of visual pigment and its Schiff base pKa are not tightly coupled.     

Effects of irradiation on neuropeptide expression in rat salivary gland and spinal cord

Summary It is well-known that a large number of factors can influence the expression of neuropeptides in the nervous system. In the present study, the effects of unilateral and bilateral irradiation to the rat head and neck on the expression of neuropeptides in the innervation of the submandibular gland and in the ganglionic cells of the submandibular ganglion was examined ten days and six months after treatment. Antisera directed against enkephalin and bombesin and immunohistochemical methods were used. The effects of bilateral irradiation on the staining pattern of various neuropeptides in the cervical spinal cord were also studied. In the submandibular gland and in the submandibular ganglionic cells, there was a markedly increased neuropeptide expression ten days after bilateral treatment, as seen after staining with both antisera used, while no changes occurred after unilateral treatment. Six months after treatment, the pattern of neuropeptide expression in the submandibular gland/ganglion corresponded to that seen in controls. Irradiation did not lead to any changes in the staining pattern of neuropeptides in the spinal cord. The observations show that there is a great complexity in the susceptibility of nervous tissues to radiotherapy with respect to influences on the expression of neuropeptides.     

RFLP tagging of a new semidwarfing gene in rice

A new rice semidwarfing gene which is not allelic tosd1, temporarily designated assdg, might be of use as a new source of semidwarfism in rice breeding programs. We report here the identification of a DNA marker closely linked to this gene. The DNA marker was identified by testing 120 mapped rice RFLP makers as hybridization probes for Southern analysis of a pair of nearly isogenic lines with or withoutsdg. Linkage association of the marker with the gene was verified using a F₂ population segregating for semidwarfism. RFLP analysis showed thatsdg is closely linked to a single-copy DNA clone RZ182 on chromosome 5, with a distance of 4.3 centiMorgans between them. This marker may facilitate early selection for the semidwarfing gene in rice breeding programs     

Pattern recognition analysis to the variation of nasal-pharynx cancer patients' trace element levels in samples of hair,whole blood,and tissue

Pattern recognition has been used in this paper to analyze trace element levels in patients diagnosed with nasal-pharynx cancer (NPC) and in healthy control subjects. Trace elements such as Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Mg have been tested in samples of hair and whole blood. Through Mahalanobis Distance Decision analysis, we have achieved good classification effects in whole blood samples: Efficiency for distinguishing patients is 96% and that of healthy controls is 90%. Classification hair samples is inferior to whole blood: Decision accuracy for patients is 58% and healthy controls is 90%. These results are also shown in a nonlinear mapping figure. At the same time, we have also determined 5 trace element levels in 16 other cancer patients' nonneoplastic and cancerous tissue, with no significant difference between them: Decision accuracy of cancerous tissue is 63%, and in nonneoplastic tissue is 50%, hence, we cannot identify them. It can be inferred that there is no idiosyncratic change of trace elements in cancer patients' neoplastic tissue, the change of a cancerous person may occur in the whole body.     

电脉冲穿孔法将苏云金杆菌δ-内毒素基因导入野生型芽孢杆菌

利用电脉冲穿孔法将带有苏云金杆菌毒蛋白基因的穿梭质粒导入几株野生型芽孢杆菌中。它们是野生型的蜡状芽孢杆菌、短芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌。通过观察在新霉素和氨苄青霉素平板上长出的抗性菌落数,计算出转化效率为10~1—10~4转化子/μgDNA。从转化子中分离到的质粒DNA大小及其用HindⅢ酶切的片段与原始质粒DNA相同,毒性测试表明重组转化子对烟青虫六天的致死率达90—100％。     

云贵鹅耳枥群落乔木种群生态位初探

木文应用Ｌｅｖｉｎ公式和王刚改进公式分别计测了贵阳喀斯特山地云贵鹅耳枥群落中乔木种群的生态位宽度和生态位重叠,并对这些种群的生态位关系及其对群落结构和动态的影响进行了分析。     

Specificity and function of monoclonal antibodies directed against Ewing sarcoma cells

A selection of 16 monoclonal antibodies has been produced against a fresh Ewing's sarcoma (ES) tumor mixed with a permanent ES cell line. The majority of antibodies identify an 80-kDa molecule, which is not detected on healthy tissues except on certain cultured monocytes. One antibody recognize the CD2 ligand MIC2 and 2 antibodies (numbers 13 and 16) define a higher-molecular-mass antigen. Antibody 16 is also expressed on mesenchymal fibroblasts of bone marrow or fetal origin. Tumorspecific antigen expression is potentially linked to the chromosome 22 abnormality decribed in Ewing's sarcoma.     

一种能表现水稻基因组DNA分化特征的重复DNA顺序

用ＤＮＡ 复性动力学方法克隆到一个水稻中度重复顺序。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交、限制性内切酶分析及序列分析资料表明,该重复顺序在水稻基因组中具有串联重复和散布状态两种存在方式。以该ＤＮＡ 片段作探针,用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交方法分析了多种野生稻种和栽培稻品种的基因组分化特征。某些限制性内切酶消化过的水稻ＤＮＡ,其图谱呈现出多达４０ 条以上的杂交带,包括强杂交带和弱杂交带两种类型。重复实验结果证明,强杂交带表现为ＢＢＣＣ染色体组型特异而弱带则在栽培稻各品种间显示出丰富的多态性,表明该重复顺序片段在水稻理论研究和育种实践中可能具有重要意义