全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16988篇 |
免费 | 913篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 42篇 |
2021年 | 146篇 |
2020年 | 67篇 |
2019年 | 101篇 |
2018年 | 172篇 |
2017年 | 176篇 |
2016年 | 291篇 |
2015年 | 455篇 |
2014年 | 516篇 |
2013年 | 1313篇 |
2012年 | 898篇 |
2011年 | 970篇 |
2010年 | 567篇 |
2009年 | 534篇 |
2008年 | 922篇 |
2007年 | 997篇 |
2006年 | 973篇 |
2005年 | 1026篇 |
2004年 | 1108篇 |
2003年 | 1048篇 |
2002年 | 1004篇 |
2001年 | 280篇 |
2000年 | 224篇 |
1999年 | 267篇 |
1998年 | 270篇 |
1997年 | 242篇 |
1996年 | 209篇 |
1995年 | 197篇 |
1994年 | 149篇 |
1993年 | 188篇 |
1992年 | 225篇 |
1991年 | 163篇 |
1990年 | 165篇 |
1989年 | 153篇 |
1988年 | 151篇 |
1987年 | 133篇 |
1986年 | 125篇 |
1985年 | 134篇 |
1984年 | 134篇 |
1983年 | 124篇 |
1982年 | 141篇 |
1981年 | 121篇 |
1980年 | 102篇 |
1979年 | 68篇 |
1978年 | 78篇 |
1977年 | 66篇 |
1976年 | 74篇 |
1975年 | 54篇 |
1974年 | 52篇 |
1973年 | 53篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
21.
Ichiro Tomida Hiroshi Kayahara Ryozo Iriye 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2557-2563
The degree of racemization in the coupling reaction, Pro-Val + Pro, with the several other methods than the activated ester methods was measured and the results were compared with that in the coupling reaction, Leu-Phe + Val, as well as in the previous paper.1) In the azide and the mixed anhydride methods, no or almost no racemization was detected, whereas in the other tested methods of peptide synthesis (Pachornik-, DCCD- and phosphazo-methods) the significantly large racemization was observed. It can be attributed to the strong nucleo- philic N-atom in the penultimate amino acids (Pro) and the steric hindrance of C-terminal amino acid (Val), which are favourable to the formation of the oxazolone ring.This assumption was further systematically confirmed in the synthesis of the other several tripeptides with the DCCD method. The separation of the diastereoisomers (LLL and LDL) of the resulting tripeptides by gas chromatography with a packed column was also here reported. 相似文献
22.
Yukiji Shimojima Hiroshi Hayashi Tadaaki Ooka Mitsuru Shibukawa 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1823-1829
Two potent gastroprotective substances against experimental gastric ulcers in rats induced by stress and five of their analogues were isolated from the culture broth of bacterial strain AI-77 which was classified taxonomically as Bacillus pumilus. Physico-chemical properties and pharmacological activities of the seven compounds were examined and compared with each other. 相似文献
23.
Metabolism of Caffeine and Related Purine Alkaloids in Leaves of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Purine alkaloid catabolism pathways in young, mature and agedleaves of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) were investigated by incubatingleaf sections with 14C-labelled theobromine, caffeine, theophyllineand xanthine. Incorporation of label into CO2 was determinedand methanol-soluble metabolites were analysed by high-performanceliquid chromatography-radiocounting and thin layer chro-matography.The data obtained demonstrate that theobromine is the immediateprecursor of caffeine, which accumulates in tea leaves becauseits conversion to theophylline is the rate limiting step inthe purine alkaloid catabolism pathway. The main fate of [8-14C]theophyllineincubated with mature and aged leaves, and to a lesser extentyoung leaves, is conversion to 3-methylxanthine and onto xanthinewhich is degraded to 14CO2 via the purine catabolism pathway.However, with young leaves, sizable amounts of [8-14C]-theophyllinewere salvaged for the synthesis of caffeine via a 3-methylxanthine 相似文献
24.
Kaeko Tozawa Eiji Arakawa Toshiyuki Chikuma Yoshihiro Oh-hashi Ryuichi Yajima Katsumichi Takeda Hiroshi Shinozaki† Takeshi Kato† 《Journal of neurochemistry》1990,55(3):745-749
Axonal transport of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) activity was studied in rat sciatic nerves from 12 to 120 h after double ligations. The anterograde axonal transport increased and reached a plateau between 48 and 72 h and then decreased. The flow rate was 100 mm/day, and the molecular mass of the active entity was 70 kDa, which was determined by gel filtration. In contrast, there was no evidence for significant retrograde axonal transport. Anterograde axonal transport of immunoreactive cholecystokinin, a carboxy-terminal-amidated putative neuropeptide, was also found. These results suggest that PAM is transported by a rapid axonal flow and may play a role as a processing enzyme during transport or in the terminals of rat sciatic nerves. 相似文献
25.
Jiaohong Zhao Fudan Gao Jingsong Zhang Teruo Ogawa Weimin Ma 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2014,289(39):26669-26676
Two mutants that grew faster than the wild-type (WT) strain under high light conditions were isolated from Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 transformed with a transposon-bearing library. Both mutants had a tag in ssl1690 encoding NdhO. Deletion of ndhO increased the activity of NADPH dehydrogenase (NDH-1)-dependent cyclic electron transport around photosystem I (NDH-CET), while overexpression decreased the activity. Although deletion and overexpression of ndhO did not have significant effects on the amount of other subunits such as NdhH, NdhI, NdhK, and NdhM in the cells, the amount of these subunits in the medium size NDH-1 (NDH-1M) complex was higher in the ndhO-deletion mutant and much lower in the overexpression strain than in the WT. NdhO strongly interacts with NdhI and NdhK but not with other subunits. NdhI interacts with NdhK and the interaction was blocked by NdhO. The blocking may destabilize the NDH-1M complex and repress the NDH-CET activity. When cells were transferred from growth light to high light, the amounts of NdhI and NdhK increased without significant change in the amount of NdhO, thus decreasing the relative amount of NdhO. This might have decreased the blocking, thereby stabilizing the NDH-1M complex and increasing the NDH-CET activity under high light conditions. 相似文献
26.
Masatoshi Kataoka Keizoh Kawamura Tamotsu Kondoh Yoichi Wakano Hiroshi Ishida 《FEMS microbiology letters》1993,107(1):111-114
Abstract A factor showing inhibitory activity against human gingival fibrolasts was extracted from the cytosol fraction of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4. The activity markedly inhibited the proliferation of human gingival fibrolasts, but had no effect on cell viability or gross morphology. No such activity was found in cytosol fractions from either Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 or Escherichia coli HB101. The extract from A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 was then purified by anion-exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography to give a single band on SDS-PAGE with an apparent molecular mass of 65 kDa. The purification ratio was 183-fold with a recovery rate of 5% compared with the crude extract (starting material) when the activity was assessed by direct cell counts. 相似文献
27.
28.
Tuneyoshi Omori Yuji Inaba Tomiaki Morimoto Yoshio Tanaka Hiroshi Kurogi Minoru Matumoto 《Microbiology and immunology》1967,11(2):133-142
Five strains of bovine diarrhea virus were isolated from Japanese cattle using bovine tissue cultures. These are the first isolations of this virus from Japanese cattle to be reported. Of importance is the finding that the new isolates, which are non-cytopathogenic, induce an exaltation of Newcastle disease virus in bovine testicular cell culture. This finding has provided a laboratory tool whereby the assay of the virus and its neutralizing antibody can readily be performed. 相似文献
29.
Hiroshi Monoi 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》1982,693(1):159-164
An electrostatic calculation suggests that when an ion is bound near the mouth of a channel penetrating a low-dielectric membrane, a counter ion may form an ion pair with this ion. The tendency towards ion-pair formation is remarkably enhanced at channel mouths by forces (image forces) arising from the charges induced on the boundaries between different dielectrics. The binding constant for the formation of ion-pairs of monovalent ions is estimated under the assumption that local interactions between the counter ion and the channel wall are negligibly small. It is of the order of 1–10 molal?1 or more for the binding of a Cl? (F?) counter ion to an () ion if appropriate conditions are fulfilled. The binding constant depends on the position of the binding site, the dimensions and geometries of the channel and channel mouth, and the state of ion loading of the channel, as well as the ionic species. The present results also indicate that when cation (anion) channels have anionic (cationic) groups as integrant parts of their channel walls, interactions between these charged groups and permeant ions are markedly enhanced by the image forces. 相似文献
30.
Haruhide Kawabe Hiroshi Naganawa Shinichi Kondo Hamao Umezawa Susumu Mitsuhashi 《Microbiology and immunology》1978,22(9):515-521
A clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to gentamicin, kanamycin and 3′,4′-dideoxykanamycin B contained two enzymes capable of inactivating gentamicin, i.e., an aminoglycoside 2″-phosphotransferase and aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. 相似文献