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71.
Pupae of Drosophila melanogaster were heat-shocked under conditions required to induce phenocopies in more than 90% of the flies that subsequently emerge. The effects of these treatments on protein synthesis in two tissues (thoracic epithelium and brain) were followed for several hours after the heat treatments. Results from pulse-labeling and protein separations on sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) acrylamide gels showed a virtually complete cessation of protein synthesis immediately after the shock, followed by a noncoordinate resumption of the starting pattern. Similar experiments following double heat shocks demonstrated a more rapid resumption of synthesis of heat shock proteins after two successive heat treatments than after a single one. 相似文献
72.
Herschel K. Mitchell Galina Moller Nancy S. Petersen Loveriza Lipps-Sarmiento 《Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)》1979,1(2):181-192
Mild heat treatments applied to whole animals or cell cultures of Drosophila prior to lethal heat shocks result in increased survival and protection against phenocopy induction. The optimal condition for the preliminary mild heat treatment is that which induces the synthesis of heat-shock proteins but does not turn off the protein synthesis that is in progress. Recovery of protein synthesis but not RNA synthesis following a drastic heat shock is much enhanced by the pretreatments. The results suggest that the protection for survival and against phenocopy induction is due to storage of messenger RNA. 相似文献
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Hansen Joan H. Skov Christian Baktoft Henrik Brönmark Christer Chapman Ben B. Hulthén Kaj Hansson Lars-Anders Nilsson P. Anders Brodersen Jakob 《Ecosystems》2020,23(2):292-306
Ecosystems - Patterns of animal migration and the ecological forces that shape them have been studied for centuries. Yet ecological impacts caused by the migration, such as altered... 相似文献
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Amy E. Zanne Kessy Abarenkov Michelle E. Afkhami Carlos A. Aguilar‐Trigueros Scott Bates Jennifer M. Bhatnagar Posy E. Busby Natalie Christian William K. Cornwell Thomas W. Crowther Habacuc Flores‐Moreno Dimitrios Floudas Romina Gazis David Hibbett Peter Kennedy Daniel L. Lindner Daniel S. Maynard Amy M. Milo Rolf Henrik Nilsson Jeff Powell Mark Schildhauer Jonathan Schilling Kathleen K. Treseder 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2020,95(2):409-433
Fungi play many essential roles in ecosystems. They facilitate plant access to nutrients and water, serve as decay agents that cycle carbon and nutrients through the soil, water and atmosphere, and are major regulators of macro‐organismal populations. Although technological advances are improving the detection and identification of fungi, there still exist key gaps in our ecological knowledge of this kingdom, especially related to function . Trait‐based approaches have been instrumental in strengthening our understanding of plant functional ecology and, as such, provide excellent models for deepening our understanding of fungal functional ecology in ways that complement insights gained from traditional and ‐omics‐based techniques. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge of fungal functional ecology, taxonomy and systematics and introduce a novel database of fungal functional traits (FunFun). FunFun is built to interface with other databases to explore and predict how fungal functional diversity varies by taxonomy, guild, and other evolutionary or ecological grouping variables. To highlight how a quantitative trait‐based approach can provide new insights, we describe multiple targeted examples and end by suggesting next steps in the rapidly growing field of fungal functional ecology. 相似文献
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Henrik Gislason Jeremy Collie Brian R. MacKenzie Anders Nielsen Maria de Fatima Borges Teresa Bottari Corina Chaves Andrey V. Dolgov Jakov Dul
i Daniel Duplisea Heino O. Fock Didier Gascuel Luís Gil de Sola Jan Geert Hiddink Remment ter Hofstede Igor Isajlovi Jnas Pll Jonasson Ole Jrgensen Kristjn Kristinsson Gudrun Marteinsdottir Hicham Masski Sanja Mati‐Skoko Mark R. Payne Melita Peharda Jakup Reinert Jn Slmundsson Cristina Silva Lilja Stefansdottir Francisco Velasco Nedo Vrgo
《Global Ecology and Biogeography》2020,29(5):842-856
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Ingerid J. Hagen Sigbjrn Lien Anna M. Billing Tore O. Elgvin Cassandra Trier Alina K. Niskanen Maja Tarka Jon Slate Glenn‐Peter Stre Henrik Jensen 《Molecular ecology resources》2020,20(2):544-559
The house sparrow is an important model species for studying physiological, ecological and evolutionary processes in wild populations. Here, we present a medium density, genome wide linkage map for house sparrow (Passer domesticus) that has aided the assembly of the house sparrow reference genome, and that will provide an important resource for ongoing mapping of genes controlling important traits in the ecology and evolution of this species. Using a custom house sparrow 10 K iSelect Illumina SNP chip we have assigned 6,498 SNPs to 29 autosomal linkage groups, based on a mean of 430 informative meioses per SNP. The map was constructed by combining the information from linkage with that of the physical position of SNPs within scaffold sequences in an iterative process. Averaged between the sexes; the linkage map had a total length of 2,004 cM, with a longer map for females (2,240 cM) than males (1,801 cM). Additionally, recombination rates also varied along the chromosomes. Comparison of the linkage map to the reference genomes of zebra finch, collared flycatcher and chicken, showed a chromosome fusion of the two avian chromosomes 8 and 4A in house sparrow. Lastly, information from the linkage map was utilized to conduct analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in eight populations with different effective population sizes (Ne) in order to quantify the background level LD. Together, these results aid the design of future association studies, facilitate the development of new genomic tools and support the body of research that describes the evolution of the avian genome. 相似文献