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11.
Imed Hassen Yassine M'Rabet Chaouki Belgacem Ons Kesraoui Hervé Casabianca Karim Hosni 《化学与生物多样性》2015,12(4):637-651
The chemical composition of the volatile oils obtained from the roots, leaves, flowers, and stems of Thapsia garganica of Tunisian origin was investigated by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant in the oils of all plant parts. Bicyclogermacrene (21.59–35.09%) was the main component in the former compound class, whereas geranial (3.31–14.84%) and linalool (0.81–10.9%) were the most prominent ones in the latter compound class. Principal‐component (PCA) and hierarchical‐cluster (HCA) analyses revealed some common constituents, but also significant variability amongst the oils of the different plant parts. This organ‐specific oil composition was discussed in relation to their biological and ecological functions. For the evaluation of the intraspecific chemical variability in T. garganica, the composition of the flower volatile oils from four wild populations was investigated. Bicyclogermacrene, linalool, and geranial were predominant in the oils of three populations, whereas epicubenol, β‐sesquiphellandrene, and cadina‐1,4‐diene were the most prominent components of the oil of one population. PCA and HCA allowed the separation of the flower oils into three distinct groups, however, no relationship was found between the volatile‐oil composition and the geographical distribution and pedoclimatic conditions of the studied populations. 相似文献
12.
Anis Raddaoui Alexandra S. Sim?es Rekaya Baaboura Sofia Félix Wafa Achour Tarek Ben Othman Mohamed Béjaoui Raquel Sá-Le?o Assia Ben Hassen 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
BackgroundPneumococcal disease, a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, has higher incidence among young children, the elderly and the immunocompromised of all ages. In Tunisia, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are not included in the national immunization program. Also, few studies have described the epidemiology of S. pneumoniae in this country and, in particular, no molecular typing studies have been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance and clonality of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from neutropenic patients in Tunisia.MethodsFifty-nine S. pneumoniae were isolated from infection (n = 31) and colonization (n = 28) sites of patients (children and adults) attending the National Centre of Bone Marrow Transplantation in Tunis between 2005–2011. All isolates were characterized by serotype, antimicrobial resistance pattern and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).ResultsThe majority (66.1%) of the isolates belonged to five serotypes all included in PCVs: 6B, 9V, 14, 19F and 23F. The potential coverage of the 10-valent and 13-valent PCV was of 71.2% and 76.3% respectively. Resistance rates were very high and 69.5% of the isolates were multidrug resistant: non-susceptibility rates to penicillin, amoxicillin and cefotaxime were 66.1%, 40.7% and 27.1%, respectively; resistance rates to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, were 69.5%, 61.0%, 37.3%, 22.0% and 67.8%, respectively. The most frequent serotypes had STs characteristic of multidrug resistant international clones known to be highly successful and important causes of pneumococcal infection: Spain 23F-ST81, France 9V/14-ST156, Spain 6B-ST90, 19F-ST320, and Portugal 19F-ST177.ConclusionsThe majority of S. pneumoniae strains recovered from immunocompromised patients in Tunisia are representatives of multidrug resistant pandemic clones that express serotypes targeted by PCVs. To contain the burden of pneumococcal disease and improve treatment choices among Tunisian immunocompromised patients PCVs should be offered to all of them. 相似文献
13.
Fatma Bensassi Ali Rhouma Mohamed Ghrab Hassen Bacha Mohamed Rabeh Hajlaoui 《Mycotoxin Research》2010,26(3):199-203
Aflatoxins (AFs) are potent sources of health risks to both humans and animals. Among them, AFB1 is the most hazardously toxic
and the most frequent in various food commodities, including pistachio nuts. In this survey, the effect of the storage period
on AFB1 accumulation on pistachio nuts was investigated. A total of 49 samples collected during the crop year of 2005 from
the most cultivated pistachio cultivars in Tunisia were rapidly screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined
with an immunoaffinity step. The obtained results showed that the contamination of pistachio nuts has occurred clearly after
two years of storage for all the tested cultivars except the case of Mateur variety and Thyna ecotypes. In this study, the
cultivar Mateur was found to be the most susceptible cultivar to contamination by AFB1. After 4 years of storage, the average
contamination levels in nut samples ranged from 2.7 ± 0.3 to 12.7 ± 2.2 μg/kg for AFB1, according to the cultivar. These levels
exceeded the maximum permitted limit of 2 μg/kg set by the European Commission in nuts. 相似文献
14.
Accumulations of higher inositol polyphosphates, diphosphoinositol polyphosphates or pyrophosphates, have been implicated to mediate cellular apoptosis. Whether cellular levels of lower inositol phosphates (lower than inositol hexakisphosphates) change during apoptosis is not known, although these inositol phosphates are known to play crucial roles in a number of cellular signaling processes including calcium mobilization. Therefore, in this study, we have examined changes in cellular levels of inositol phosphates following metabolic labeling of these compounds by [3H]myo-inositol and induction of apoptosis. The levels of inositol mono- and bis-phosphates were increased, whereas the levels of inositol tris- and tetrakis-phosphates decreased significantly with an increasing rate of apoptosis induced by etoposide in a dose-dependent manner. NaF treatment, which increased the rate of apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner, also increased the levels of inositol mono- and bis-phosphates and drastically reduced the levels of inositol tris- and tetrakis-phosphates. Prior treatment with antimycin A, a strategy used to reverse the NaF-induced accumulations of higher InsPs, partially reduced the effects of NaF on apoptosis as well as the levels of lower InsPs. Taken together, our results suggest that cellular levels of lower InsPs are altered during apoptosis. 相似文献
15.
Elham Hassen Ghandri Nahla Noureddine Bouaouina Lotfi Chouchane 《Molecular biology reports》2010,37(1):119-126
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a virally associated cancer which is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia and North Africa.
Several linkage analysis studies suggested the association of susceptibility HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) alleles and haplotypes
with NPC development. The HLA system is very polymorphic and according to the ethnic group studied, it has been found to have
the capacity to confer susceptibility or resistance to NPC. Our aim was to review the most important described genetic associations
of HLA class I in NPC and to comment on the inconsistent associations found in the different NPC incidence areas. We believe
that the mechanisms of these associations may involve HLA genes through the differential capacity of each allele to present
antigens. However, because HLA genes contain various linked candidate genes, HLA-NPC associations should be carefully interpreted. 相似文献
16.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A,and their combination in cultured Vero cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Emna El Golli‐Bennour Bochra Kouidhi Amel Bouslimi Salwa Abid‐Essefi Wafa Hassen Hassen Bacha 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2010,24(1):42-50
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are important food‐borne mycotoxins that have been implicated in human health. In this study, independent and combinative toxicities of AFB1 and OTA were tested in cultured monkey kidney Vero cells. The experiments reported here were conducted to evaluate the effect of these toxins on cell viability followed by the determination of cell death pathways, using the quantification of DNA fragmentation and the expression of p53 and bcl‐2 protein levels. Our results showed that AFB1 and OTA caused a marked decrease of cell viability in a dose‐dependent manner. Under the same conditions, these mycotoxins increased fragmented DNA levels. In addition, p53 was activated in response to DNA damage and the expression of the antiapoptotic factor bcl‐2 decreased significantly. According to these data, AFB1 and OTA seemed to be involved in an apoptotic process. Moreover, combined AFB1 and OTA induced all the toxicities observed with the mycotoxins separately. Therefore, this combination was classified as an additive response of the two mycotoxins. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:42–50, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20310 相似文献
17.
18.
Crocin Prevents Patulin‐Induced Acute Toxicity in Cardiac Tissues via the Regulation of Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis
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Manel Boussabbeh Intidhar Ben Salem Fadwa Neffati Mohamed Fadhel Najjar Hassen Bacha Salwa Abid‐Essefi 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2015,29(10):479-488
Patulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin produced by several species of the genera of Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys principally by Penicillium expansum. This mycotoxin is suspected to affect several organs including kidney and liver. However, its toxic effect on heart remains unknown. The present study investigated for the first time the cardiotoxic effect of PAT in mice. We demonstrated that PAT increased creatinin phosphokinase (CPK) level, induced lipoperoxydation and protein oxidation, and triggered the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. We also demonstrated that acute administration of PAT triggers apoptosis via P53 overexpression and caspase 3 activation. We further investigated the antioxidant efficiency of crocin (CRO), a carotenoid pigment, against PAT‐induced cardiotoxicity. We found that pretreatment with CRO prevents cardiac impairment by reducing CPK levels, restoring the redox statute and suppressing apoptosis. Collectively, our data provide new preventive effect of CRO toward PAT‐induced cardiotoxicity in mice. 相似文献
19.
20.
Thomas?Durand Sophie?Jacob Laura?Lebouil Hassen?Douzane Philippe?Lestaevel Amithys?Rahimian Dimitri?Psimaras Lo?c?Feuvret Delphine?Leclercq Bruno?Brochet Radia?Tamarat Fabien?Milliat Marc?Benderitter Nicolas?Vayatis Georges?No?l Khê?Hoang-Xuan Jean-Yves?Delattre Damien?Ricard Marie-Odile?BernierEmail author 《BMC neurology》2015,15(1):261