海南尖峰岭国家级自然保护区森林动态监测样地鸟类和兽类多样性

2016年8月至2019年2月, 我们利用红外相机对海南尖峰岭60 ha森林动态监测样地的鸟类和兽类进行了调查。共在79个位点上布设了红外相机, 累积27,848个相机日, 获得可鉴定到物种的独立有效照片15,320张。经鉴定, 共拍摄到46种野生动物, 包括16种兽类(隶属于6目11科)和30种鸟类(隶属于8目16科)。其中, 属于国家I级重点保护的野生动物有3种, 即海南孔雀雉(Polyplectron katsumatae)、海南山鹧鸪(Arborophila ardens)和中华穿山甲(Manis pentadactyla), 属于国家II级重点保护的野生动物有6种, 分别是猕猴(Macaca mulatta)、巨松鼠(Ratufa bicolor)、红原鸡(Gallus gallus)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、松雀鹰(Accipiter virgatus)和蓝背八色鸫(Pitta soror)。拍摄率最高的前5种兽类依次是帚尾豪猪(Atherurus macrourus)、红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)、白腹巨鼠(Leopoldamys edwardsi)、赤腹松鼠(Callosciurus erythraeus)和赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis);前5种鸟类依次是白鹇、海南孔雀雉、蓝背八色鸫、海南山鹧鸪和栗颊噪鹛(Garrulax castanotis)。本研究补充调查了海南尖峰岭国家级自然保护区兽类和鸟类的多样性, 与之前的基线调查对比分析了大样地内野生动物物种及其相对多度的动态变化, 可为保护区生物多样性监测方案设计和保护对策的制定提供科学依据。     

可溶性膳食纤维联合益生菌治疗老年便秘型肠易激综合征的临床疗效观察

目的观察可溶性膳食纤维联合益生菌治疗老年便秘型肠易激综合征的临床疗效及安全性。方法将2017年1月至2019年1月本院就诊的130例老年便秘型肠易激综合征患者随机分为膳食纤维联合益生菌组、益生菌组和膳食纤维组。膳食纤维联合益生菌组患者服用可溶性膳食纤维联合双歧杆菌三联活菌片,益生菌组口服双歧杆菌三联活菌片,膳食纤维组使用可溶性膳食纤维,三组疗程均为30 d。比较三组患者症状改善情况、PAC-QOL评分、CSI评分。结果三组患者治疗后PAC-QOL评分、CSI评分较治疗前显著减低,且膳食纤维联合益生菌组治疗后PAC-QOL评分均低于益生菌组和膳食纤维组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。膳食纤维联合益生菌组患者治疗后临床总有效率较益生菌组和膳食纤维组明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论可溶性膳食纤维联合益生菌治疗老年便秘型肠易激综合征患者效果显著,无明显不良反应。     

Establishment of a micropropagation supporting technology for the Fraxinus mandshurica × Fraxinus sogdiana

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant - The interspecific hybridization can take advantage of heterosis and combine the double parental traits most extensively, and is an effective...     

免疫检查点程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体-1翻译后修饰及其在免疫治疗中的应用前景

免疫检查点程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体-1（programmed cell death 1 ligand 1,PD-L1）是一种主要表达于肿瘤细胞表面的免疫抑制性分子,其可与T淋巴细胞表面的程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1（programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1）结合,抑制T淋巴细胞的激活,发挥免疫抑制性功能。基于这一原理所开发的PD-1/PD-L1免疫阻断疗法,已在临床广泛应用于多种实体瘤的治疗,使诸多病人受益。与此同时,随着对PD-L1调控机制研究的深入,PD-L1的多种翻译后修饰形式陆续得到了鉴定,包括糖基化、磷酸化、泛素化和棕榈酰化等。研究表明,这些翻译后修饰过程可影响PD-L1的蛋白质稳定性与生理功能。因此,翻译后修饰成了PD-L1研究新的切入点。目前,PD-L1翻译后修饰靶向药物已在免疫治疗中展现出良好的应用前景。通过靶向PD-L1翻译后修饰过程,进而调控由PD-L1介导的肿瘤免疫逃逸,成了提高免疫治疗应答率的新思路和新策略。本文将对PD-L1翻译后修饰的研究进行系统总结,并陈述其在免疫治疗领域中的应用前景,希望为未来针对PD-L1翻译后修饰的研究提供理论支持。     

Description of new species of two genera Dayus Mahmood and Znana Dworakowska from Thailand (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)

Two genera, Dayus Mahmood, 1967 and Znana Dworakowska, 1994 of the leafhopper tribe Empoascini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) are reviewed. One new species of each genus, Dayus furcatus sp. nov. and Znana furca sp. nov., are described from Thailand. A checklist and distribution summary of Dayus Mahmood species is given. Male habitus photos and illustrations of male genitalia of the two new species and notes on allied species are also provided.     

Protective potential of Chinese herbal extracts against microsporidian Nosema ceranae,an emergent pathogen of western honey bees,Apis mellifera L.

Nosema ceranae, a newly emergent parasite invading western honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), is indicated to threaten honey bee health at both individual and colony levels. However, the efficient and environmentally-friendly treatments are quite limited at present. To find alternative medicine to control Nosema diseases, the effect of 8 types of herbal extracts against N. ceranae infection were screened under laboratory condition. Of which, 1% Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) decoction was found to significantly decrease N. ceranae spore numbers on 7 days post infection (dpi) and 13 dpi. Then, our results further revealed that A. paniculata decoction at doses ranging from 1% to 7% displayed significant efficient inhibition of Nosema spore proliferation and improved the infected bees' survival rates in a dose-dependent manner. A. paniculata decoction was found to protect the gut tissues of infected workers from damage cause by N. ceranae, which might be due to the regulation of the expression of certain genes in Wnt and JNK pathways, including armadillo, basket, frizzled2 and groucho. Additionally, our study suggested that A. paniculata decoction performed this Nosema spore-reducing potential over its two monomers, andrographolide and dehydrographolide. Taken together, this work enables us to better understand A. paniculata decoction's potential to inhibit N. ceranae infection, thus providing a new guidance for developing applicable drugs to control Nosema diseases.     

Pyroptosis in stroke-new insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry - Stroke is a common disease with high mortality and disability worldwide. Different forms of cell deaths, including apoptosis and necrosis, occur in ischemic...     

Editorial Expression of Concern: Long non-coding RNA Mirt2 relieves lipopolysaccharide-induced injury in PC12 cells by suppressing miR-429

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry - An Editorial Expression of Concern to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-019-00691-7